基于信息公理的混合型多属性产品方案评价

研究了指标属性值包含实数、区间数和模糊数的混合型多属性产品方案评价问题,考虑了评价指标设计范围不确定的情况,提出了一种基于信息公理的评价模型,并给出了具体的评价方法和步骤.通过确定每个方案各指标满足功能要求的概率,计算各方案的信息量,以信息量为统一测度比较方案间的优劣程度,实现方案的优劣排序.决策者不必给出各评价指标的权重,也不需要对决策矩阵进行规范化,从而为解决混合型多属性评价优选问题提供了一条新的途径.以汽车起重机综合评价为例,说明了信息公理的混合型多属性评价方法的可行性.     

电力营销风险评价的模糊群决策方法研究

提出了一种电力营销风险评价的模糊群决策方法,介绍了评价的具体流程,以评价者给出的三角模糊数为基础,评价客户的综合风险水平。该决策方法能较好地处理电力营销风险评价中的不确定性、复杂性和模糊性,提高了评价的效率和客观性。     

机械安全风险评价研究

从机械安全和风险评价概念出发,从正确选择风险评价方法入手,较系统地介绍了机械安全风险评价的全过程,并对该方法进行了应用验证.为减少事故发生,提高机械产品安全,提供了研究方法.     

基于风险评价的老旧电梯安全检测评价技术研究

运用GB/T 20900-2007规定的风险评价方法对老旧电梯可能存在的危险进行风险评价,将风险评价确定的主要风险转换成安全检查表的检查项目和内容,使老旧电梯的风险评价过程转变为安全检查表的对照检查过程.用该方法对1300多台老旧住宅电梯实施了安全检测评价,取得了很好的实用效果.     

压力容器风险模糊分析方法的研究(二)--风险控制状态评价和风险可接受准则讨论

在第一部分压力容器的固有危险性(SD)评价和风险水平(SR)评价的基础上,开展了风险控制状态(SC)的模糊综合评价,探讨了压力容器风险的可接受准则,最后,以一台反应釜的风险评价说明了压力容器风险模糊分析的方法和步骤     

工业风险分析与评价方法综述(一)

综述了工业风险分析与评价方法,主要有安全检查表法、预先危险分析、失效模式与效应分析法、危险可操作性研究法、事件树分析、故障树分析法、原因-后果分析法、危险指数评价法、人的可靠性分析方法、概率风险评价技术、基于可信性的风险分析方法、基于可拓方法的风险评价和模糊风险评价等,并简要介绍了各种方法的过程,分析了各种方法的优缺点和适用场合。     

基于AHP-FCE模型的产品再制造风险评价

为了有效应对产品再制造的风险,提出基于AHP-FCE模型的风险评价方法,全面分析产品再制造面临的各种风险。构建包括市场风险、设备风险、技术风险、管理风险、成本风险和政策风险的评价指标体系,应用层次分析法确定各指标权重,并采用模糊综合评价法进行风险等级评价,得出产品再制造风险状况,为再制造风险评价提供一种科学可行的方法。     

RBI技术在港口门座起重机风险评价中的应用

为了精确给出在役港口门座起重机的风险评价值以及所处风险等级,以便于对门座起重机进行风险管理,提出了把基于风险评估的设备检验技术(RBI)原理和模糊层次分析法(FAHP)结合起来的风险评价方法。从安全系统理论出发,结合事故可能性与后果严重性,从人、机、环境和管理四个方面建立了包含门座起重机各生命周期在内的风险评价指标体系,并运用模糊层次分析法确定了各指标的权重;最后运用模糊综合评价方法,结合风险分析矩阵,确定了案例单位起重机的风险级别。实际应用结果表明,该评价方法的评价结果与特检部门性能评估技术报告相符,从而验证了该方法的科学性和适用性。     

工业风险分析与评价方法综述(二)

在简要介绍各种风险分析和评价方法的基础上,比较了各种方法的优缺点和适用场合。着重介绍了一些典型工程系统和装置的风险评价方法,主要有美国石油学会颁布的针对石化装置风险管理的《基于风险的检验规范API581》、Muhlbauer提出的针对长输管线的风险评分法以及美国机械工程师学会颁布的针对气体管线的完整性管理的ASMEB31.8S《ManagingSystemIntegrityofGasPipelines》,这些方法都是针对不同类型的工程系统或装置的个性问题,综合应用了各种风险分析与评价技术。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.