喷墨打印材料的制备及颜料用量对其性能的影响

为改善已有喷墨材料的吸墨性能,用SiO2@Al13核壳结构材料作为颜料制备吸墨材料;利用黏度杯、色差仪等进行测试,从涂料黏度、涂布量、涂布打印效果及色差四个方面,讨论了颜料用量对吸墨材料的影响。结果表明,颜料用量对吸墨材料性能影响显著,颜料的增加,利于材料吸墨,但不宜过高。颜料比例为75％时,材料性能优异。     

Development of spinel opaque glazes for ceramic tiles

The feasibility of developing fast-firing opaque wall tile glazes obtained from zircon-free frits was studied. The structural and morphological characteristics of the glazes were determined by differential scanning calorimetry, an optical dilatometer, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The studied glaze was characterized by a high whiteness value L* greater than 94, very low values of a* and b* which is about ?0.65 and 0.01, respectively, and a high gloss value above 98%. The opaque effect is due to the presence of spinel crystals with a size range of 0.2–1.0 μm, which is formed by devitrification during fast-firing. The Vickers micro-hardness of the studied glaze is higher than the one of the commercial zircon based glass-ceramic glazes. This type of frit can be an alternative one for fabricating opaque ceramic glazes.     

Laser sintered ceramic coatings of PZT nanoparticles deposited by Inkjet Printing on metallic and ceramic substrates

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O₃ is one of the most studied perovskite type ferroelectric materials due to its excellent dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. PZT particles and a PZT precursor were synthesized using a chemical method. A vehicle was added to the synthesized particles and precursor for obtaining two inks with appropriate rheological properties to be printed by Inkjet Printing. The use of an 80?µm diameter nozzle made necessary the utilization of an energetic ball milling for assuring the dispersion of small PZT particles in the ink. After ball milling nanoparticles of 150?nm diameter were obtained. These inks were deposited on alumina and steel substrates followed by sintering using a pulsed laser of 1064?nm wavelength. The work shows the effect laser sintering has on, both inks, the one containing PZT nanoparticles and that one based on the PZT precursor. Laser processing was optimized in order to generate suitable films to be subsequently poled. The effect of poling on these films was also studied and their piezoelectric properties were measured by a compression test. The microstructural characteristics of these films were obtained by SEM and X ray diffractometry.     

Coloring effect of iron oxide content on ceramic glazes and their comparison with the similar waste containing materials

The effects of adding iron oxide to ceramic glaze formulations were studied in this study. Iron oxide was added in different weight ratios into the reactive transparent glaze, reactive opaque glaze, and transparent glaze formulations. The iron oxide content in the glaze composition, the coloring mechanisms, the phase distributions, and surface properties at temperatures of 950–1000-1050-1200 °C in the oxidation firing medium were investigated. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine the microstructural and morphological characterizations of the test glazes, X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) to determine the crystallographic properties and phases, and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses to determine the elemental and chemical composition were performed. In addition to these, surface images were examined with Digital Microscope (DM) and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b, and water absorption values were compared. In addition, taking into account environmental factors, a comparison of ceramic glazes with the same amount of waste iron oxide was also performed for same purpose. As a result of the studies, it was observed that the addition of iron oxide and/or waste iron oxide did not have a negative effect, and coloring effects on the glaze layer were observed at different rates and firing temperatures.     

MTF在喷墨印刷图像质量检测中的应用

数字印刷具有价格低,适用范围广,操作简单等优势,被认为是未来印刷技术发展的代表之一。在数字印刷过程中,普遍采用高频调频加网技术,由于网点尺寸非常小,光学网点扩大严重,使得应用传统网点测量方法难以对其进行精确测量。本文介绍了一种通过调制传递函数（MTF）对高分辨率图像质量进行评测的方法,并详细阐述了两种以MTF为理论基础的图像质量评价模型：反透射模型法和Kubelka—Munk理论6能流法。最后,使用两种方法对不同纸张和不同加网方式的喷墨印刷品质量进行了评价,对其适用范围及应用效果进行了比较和分析。结果表明,应用MTF方法不仅可以对油墨附着及纸张特性进行定量分析和定性评价,还可以为喷墨打印质量预测模型的建立提供依据。     

喷墨打印用陶瓷墨水的研究现状及其发展趋势

陶瓷数字喷墨打印技术是一种极具潜力的陶瓷装饰技术,它是现代计算机技术与陶瓷装饰材料技术相结合的产物,其独特的优势是传统陶瓷装饰工艺无可比拟的。本文主要对陶瓷墨水的制备工艺及目前国内外陶瓷墨水的研究现状进行了评述,同时,对陶瓷墨水今后的研究重点及发展趋势进行了分析。     

嵌入式喷码机控制系统的测试与开发

提出了一种以ARM9系列S3C2440为控制核心的喷码机控制系统,通过对单片机W77E58控制下的喷头波形测试,分析喷头工作原理。以WINCE嵌入式操作系统下的开发工具EVC为平台,设计驱动程序、测试程序、应用程序和图形用户界面;依据测试数据设计主控电路板、多输出电源、光电编码器、传感器及触摸屏等模块。该设计是一种低成本、多功能、先进的喷码机设计方案。     

喷墨打印头陶瓷喷孔的皮秒激光加工研究

喷墨打印头的喷孔直径一般为几十微米,材料一般是有机薄膜、不锈钢薄片等。针对有机膜等作为喷嘴板材料的缺陷,采用氧化锆陶瓷代替,以提高耐磨能力和耐腐蚀性。采用皮秒激光打孔方法,可在多种材料上加工出直径几十微米的小孔,包括聚酰亚胺（厚度50μm）、氧化锆陶瓷（厚度120μm）和铜片（厚度70μm）。通过控制不同的参数变化,可制备出孔径约20μm、孔间距为140μm的喷孔阵列。对比不同参数下喷孔尺寸和微观形貌发现,较高功率密度、较低单点停留时间有助于得到圆孔,减少重铸层。     

层次分析技术在坯体挺形性分析中的应用研究

本文对直接影响坯体质量的挺形性因素:泥浆配方、泥浆温度、工作模质量和工艺参数,采用美国萨迪教授的层次分析技术,进行各种复杂因素的权重排序分析,为“九五”相关项目的优化原始数据和提供原始数据奠定基础。     

不同还原体系银油墨打印对聚酰亚胺基板化学镀铜制备印制电路板的影响

先在普通打印机上用活化导电银油墨将线路图打印在聚酰亚胺(PI)基板上,固化后再化学镀铜制得印制电路板(PCB)。研究了导电银油墨的还原剂对不同体系镀液化学镀铜层厚度、导电性、结合力和抗氧化性的影响。结果表明,油墨的还原剂相同时,甲醛体系化学镀铜层的综合性能优于乙醛酸镀液。导电银油墨的最佳还原剂为丙酸,即油墨的最佳配方为:丙酸0.5 mol/L,Ag NO3 0.5 mol/L,10%(质量分数)OP乳化剂适量。采用0.5 mol/L丙酸油墨–甲醛镀液体系制得厚度为3.10μm的铜镀层,其抗氧化时间为44 s,电阻率为1.00×10-7?·m,与PI基板间的结合力良好,综合性能最佳。     

纸张表面墨膜蒸发与渗透干燥的耦合建模

油墨干燥速率是影响印品质量的关键因素之一,干燥通常是油墨溶剂渗透和蒸发共同作用的结果。文中建立了考虑纸张和油墨内部导热、油墨内固体骨架等复杂因素的一维油墨干燥模型。渗透部分基于毛细管束模型,引入了蒸发对油墨黏度的影响;蒸发部分引入了油墨溶剂相分数的概念,分析了各界面处应满足的边界条件,实现了渗透和蒸发的耦合计算。模型揭示了孔隙率对蒸发速率的影响、对流换热系数对渗透速率的影响,能很好地再现实验数据。     

制备工艺对多孔碳化硅材料性能的影响

研究了骨料粒径、添加剂种类、质量分数对陶瓷管性能的影响。采用自制装置分别测定了孔径分布、平均孔径、孔隙率和气体通量。用SEM观察其表面形貌。结果表明,使用较细的碳化硅颗粒,气体通量减小,抗弯强度增加;随着造孔剂质量分数的变化,多孔碳化硅陶瓷管的性能也有明显的不同,最佳添加量为10%左右。增加烧结结合剂的加入量,气体通量和抗弯强度均下降。     

Influence of process variables on the drum drying of mango pulp

Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the best process conditions in the drum drying of mango pulp regarding the physicochemical properties and nutrients content. The independent variables in the central composite rotatable design were: temperature (119–151°C) and residence time (9–41?s), while the concentrations of process additives used were: 3% corn starch and 0.5% glyceryl monostearate. Mathematical models for moisture content, total carotenoid content, and color parameters of the reconstituted pulp (a*, Hue, and ΔE) were obtained. The optimized conditions were combinations of residence time between 10 and 25?s, and temperature from 120 to 135°C, in which the flakes showed moisture content ranging from 2 to 5%, besides a more intense yellow color and total carotenoid retention between 90 and 96%.     

Formulation of a ceramic ink for a wide-array drop-on-demand ink-jet printer

This paper describes the methodology for simulating a reprographic ink with a ceramic ink based on a commercially available zirconia powder for direct ceramic ink-jet printing. Of over-riding importance was matching viscosity and this was tested systematically by using a mineral oil–hexane binary system. Of secondary importance was adjustment of the pressure defect behind the nozzle to compensate for small differences in surface tension. The inks tested in the wide array print-head were based on low electrical conductivity liquids to avoid damage to the electroding system. The organic binder for the zirconia ink was paraffin wax and the dispersant was a hydroxystearic acid based polyester.     

Recycling of steelmaking electric arc furnace dust into aqueous cyan ceramic ink for inkjet printing process and its printability

Recycling of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) has great potential for industrial applications, due to its useful metal contents, including zinc. In this study, aqueous cyan ceramic ink for ink-jet printing applications was synthesized using EAFD. More specifically, cyan ceramic pigments were synthesized using an empirical composition of Zn(EAFD)_XCo_1-XAl₂O₄, in which expensive cobalt oxide is replaced by Zn-enriched EAFD. Zn(EAFD)_0.25Co_0.75Al₂O₄, which has a vivid cyan color, was selected as the optimum composition of cyan ceramic pigments for synthesizing aqueous cyan ceramic ink for ink-jet printing applications. To prevent nozzle clogging during ink-jet printing, the cyan ceramic pigments were micronized. The micronized pigments were mixed with distilled water and dispersant to fabricate aqueous cyan ceramic ink. To determine the optimized jettability and printability of this ink, its rheological properties, including viscosity and surface tension, were adjusted and analyzed. It was concluded that the jettability and printability of aqueous cyan ceramic ink produced via ink-jet printing could be enhanced by appropriately adjusting its viscosity.     

Preparation of core–shell latex for the pigmented ink of textile inkjet printing

A core–shell latex comprising poly(butyl acrylate) as core and poly(styrene‐methyl methacrylate) as shell was synthesized by emulsion polymerization using allyloxy nonylphenoxy propanol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfonate (ANPS) as emulsifier. Transmission electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, and thermogravimetric analyses suggested the prepared latex had a core–shell structure. The particle size of the core–shell latex was about 102.8 nm with a molar ratio of butylacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene at 6 : 2 : 2, a mass ratio of ANPS and monomers, ammonium persulfate and monomers at 15% and 1.0%, respectively. The core–shell latex showed high centrifugal stability and excellent freeze‐thaw stability. The clogging nozzle rate of the pigmented ink containing 20 wt % core–shell latex was small, whereas the printed fabrics with this pigmented ink exhibited high rub and washing fastness. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Influence of fracture process zone height on fracture energy of concrete

The implication of modelling concrete fracture with a fictitious crack of zero fracture process zone (FPZ) height is addressed because FPZ height, in reality, is not zero and is bound to vary during crack growth. The ligament effect on fracture energy G_F is explained by the nonuniform distribution of a local fracture energy g_f showing the influence of specimen boundary and variation of FPZ height. The nonuniform g_f distribution is then used to determine the size-independent G_F. The recent boundary-effect model based on a bilinear g_f function is confirmed by the essential work of fracture (EWF) model for the yielding of deeply notched polymer and metal specimens. The EWF model provides a theoretical basis for the bilinear g_f distribution. The principal rationale of the boundary-effect model, the influence of FPZ height on fracture energy, is supported by experimental observations of thickness effect on fracture toughness of thin polymeric adhesives between metals.