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1.
    
The wine industry produces tons of pomace that, in a circular economy model, should be valorised. The phenols fraction of grape pomace represents a source of food colorants, but also of natural food preservatives. Furthermore, the pomace contains dietary fibre, unsaturated lipids, antioxidants and minerals that have been recognised as wholesome and technologically useful. The main drawback of using grape pomace is represented by its chemical and microbiological instability. Different authors proposed strategies to overcome these limitations, and different approaches for the use of grape pomace as an ingredient have been described. Here, we sum up the chemical and microbiological solutions for the stabilisation of grape pomace, describing the approaches used to transform this waste in a functional ingredient, and comparing the physiochemical characteristics of the resulting products. We further describe the studies concerning sensory aspects of the products by enriching animal fleshes with different pomace powder preparations.  相似文献   

2.
许多水果在加工过程中会产生大量的副产物,如葡萄酒酿造过程中产生的葡萄果渣(grape pomace,GP),由于其中含有丰富的生物活性物质,如多酚、膳食纤维、有机酸和不饱和脂肪酸等,已成为医药、化妆品和食品工业提取植物活性物质的廉价来源。尤其是酚类化合物受到越来越多的关注,葡萄渣中的酚类化合物是一类次生代谢产物,主要包括类黄酮、花青素和白藜芦醇等,很多研究已经证实这些酚类化合物具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎和抗癌等生物活性,因此,如何从葡萄渣中提取多酚化合物并将其开发成功能性食品配料,成为越来越多的企业和学者的关注。在此本文对GP多酚的组成分布、生物活性、在食品中的稳定性及其应用等进行了较全面的总结,旨在为葡萄渣多酚功能性食品的开发提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
葡萄皮渣是在葡萄加工过程中产生的大宗副产物,包括葡萄皮、果肉和葡萄籽等。葡萄籽油(grape seed oil,GSO)是从葡萄籽中获取的一种高营养价值植物油,富含多不饱和脂肪酸、生育酚、植物甾醇和酚类物质等营养成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎症、降血脂、减肥和抗菌等多种生理功效。文章系统综述了GSO的提取工艺、营养组成和健康功效,并对未来一段时期内GSO的研究开发方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

4.
    
An attempt was undertaken in this study to produce extruded snacks based on maize semolina with the addition of pomace from common flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and golden flax (Linum flavum L.). Study results showed that increasing pomace content in the extrudates made their expansion ratio and colour lightness to decrease, and their mechanical properties to increase. The analysis of all sensory attributes demonstrated that the panellists did not notice any statistically significant differences between the snacks without pomace addition and those with 5% flax pomace. Flax pomace addition in the amount exceeding 10% made the product unacceptable by the panellists. No statistically significant difference was observed in most of the evaluated traits between the snacks containing of pomace from common flax and golden flax, except for the colour.  相似文献   

5.
6.
为了探究红枣果汁果渣与果酒果渣膳食纤维功能特性的差异,以红枣果汁果渣和果酒果渣为原料制备膳食纤维,通过测定膳食纤维的持水力、膨胀力、溶解性、持油力、阳离子交换能力以及吸附胆固醇、胆酸钠、葡萄糖能力,评价红枣果汁果渣与果酒果渣膳食纤维的功能特性。结果表明:红枣果酒果渣膳食纤维的持水力、膨胀力、溶解性、持油力、阳离子交换能力以及吸附胆固醇、胆酸钠、葡萄糖能力均显著高于果汁果渣膳食纤维(P<0.05),且随发酵天数延长,红枣果渣膳食纤维的功能特性均逐渐增加。发酵8 d时,果酒果渣膳食纤维持水力、膨胀力、溶解性、持油力、阳离子交换能力以及吸附胆固醇、胆酸钠、葡萄糖能力较果汁果渣膳食纤维分别提高了1.10、1.11、1.75、1.39、2.03、1.49、1.10和1.83倍,表明发酵有助于提高红枣果渣膳食纤维的功能特性。  相似文献   

7.
ABSTRACT: A novel process for enzyme-assisted extraction of polyphenols from winery by-products was established on a pilot-plant scale. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of grape skins, that is, selection of pectinolytic and cellulolytic enzymes, enzyme-substrate ratio, and time-temperature regime of enzymatic treatment, was conducted on a laboratory scale. Enzyme activities were monitored by viscosity measurement of resuspended grape pomace and by quantification of oligomeric pectin and cellulose degradation products released from cell wall material. Optimal conditions were obtained with 5000 ppm (based on dry matter) of a pectinolytic and 2500 ppm of a cellulolytic enzyme preparation, respectively, at 50°C, which were also applied in pilot-plant scale experiments. Concomitant determination of individual polyphenolics demonstrated a significantly improved yield for most compounds when compared with experiments without enzyme addition. Recovery rates were comparable to those obtained when grape pomace was extracted using sulfite. Pre-extraction of the pomace with hot water followed by treatment with cell wall degrading enzymes even increased yields of phenolic compounds. Only some quercetin glycosides and malvidin coumaroylglucoside were partly hydrolyzed due to enzyme side activities. This new process may provide a valuable alternative to the application of sulfite, which is considered crucial in food processing.  相似文献   

8.
葡萄果醋饮料的工艺研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以玉米、麸皮为主要原料,经酒精发酵后加入葡萄皮渣进行醋酸发酵而制得葡萄果醋,再经调配,制成风味独特的葡萄果醋饮料。通过单因素实验、正交试验,优化了工艺条件和配方。结果表明,以玉米、麸皮汁为发酵基料,基料的糖含量为16°Brix,pH 3.5,酵母接种量为10%,发酵温度30℃,经酒精发酵6 d,酒精体积分数达到6%~7%时进入醋酸发酵,糖含量4°Bx,醋酸菌接种量10%,发酵温度30℃,醋酸发酵6 d。风味配方为:葡萄果醋10%,柠檬酸0.1%,蔗糖9%。  相似文献   

9.
The roles of functional foods on human health have been realised by more and more researchers, food producers and consumers. Functional food ingredients from both plant and animal sources such as dietary fibre, soy protein isolate, whey protein isolate and omega 3 fatty acid have been widely used in functional food product development. Many fruit processing by‐products such as grape, apple and orange peels are rich in bioactive phytochemicals, dietary fibre and unsaturated fatty acids, hence have potential to serve as functional food ingredients. In this review, we summarise recent advancement of research in grape pomace (GP), the residual of grapes after wine making. The polyphenol profile of GP and their biological, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, the stability of GP polyphenols in food system, the interaction between GP polyphenol and other food ingredients, as well as the functionalities of grape seed oil and GP fibre are covered.  相似文献   

10.
以宁夏酿酒葡萄渣粕为原料,采用溶剂回流提取方法,以原花青素提取得率为考察指标,通过单因素试验及正交试验,确定宁夏酿酒葡萄渣粕中原花青素的提取工艺条件。结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为:体积分数为50%乙醇,提取温度60℃,料液比1∶10(g∶mL),提取时间45min,提取2次。在此优化条件下进行验证试验,在此最佳条件下,原花青素含量为78.50%,原花青素得率为15.20%。  相似文献   

11.
采用乙醇加热法提取葡萄花旗松素,利用响应面分析法优化葡萄花旗松素的提取工艺并测定其最优组的抗氧化性能.结果表明:葡萄花旗松素的最佳提取工艺为静置处理时间为30 min、乙醇含量58%、提取温度56℃、液料比23∶1 mL/g、提取时间2.0 h,最佳提取量为3.936 mg/g.以VC 为参照测定提取液对ABTS 自由...  相似文献   

12.
目的优化葡萄皮渣中白藜芦醇的微波辅助提取工艺。方法通过单因素试验,选择微波时间、料液比以及微波功率为自变量,白藜芦醇提取率为考察指标,采用正交试验设计分析研究各自变量对多糖提取率的影响。经极差与方差分析,从而获得最适的提取工艺条件。结果在微波提取时间70 s、料液比1:20(m:V)、微波作用功率为600 W的条件下获得白藜芦醇提取率为0.284%,相比有机溶剂乙醇提取法的提取率增加了42%。结论本研究可为葡萄皮渣的再利用与开发提供参考。  相似文献   

13.
令博  田云波  吴洪斌  明建 《食品科学》2012,33(15):178-182
以酿酒葡萄皮渣为原料,采用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混合菌为发酵菌种,以发酵温度、发酵时间、接种量及料液比对水溶性膳食纤维(SDF)得率的影响为考察指标,通过单因素试验和均匀试验优化微生物发酵法制取葡萄皮渣膳食纤维的工艺。结果显示:发酵法制取葡萄皮渣膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件为:发酵温度40℃、发酵时间21h、接种量1%、料液比1:10,在此条件下得到SDF产率为(17.25±0.23)%,所制葡萄皮渣膳食纤维素的膨胀力、持水力和持油力分别为3.38mL/g、4.32g/g和1.87g/g,与原料相比膳食纤维的纯度和理化性质均得到一定提高。微生物发酵法制备膳食纤维的同时能有效提高其品质指标,是一种较好的高品质膳食纤维制备方法。  相似文献   

14.
葡萄酒加工会产生大量的废弃物即葡萄酒渣,酒渣富含多酚类化合物等生物活性物质.通过单因素试验和正交试验,对葡萄酒渣多酚的浸提工艺进行了优化,确定最佳提取工艺条件为:以60 %vol乙醇水溶液作为提取剂,料液比为1∶10,提取温度为70℃,提取时间为30 min,在此条件下多酚提取量可达39.56 mg/g.  相似文献   

15.
以赤霞珠葡萄皮渣为原料,采用超声波辅助酶法提取多酚化合物。在探讨超声时间、超声功率、酶解pH及酶解温度对葡萄皮渣多酚得率影响的基础上,应用正交试验优化超声波辅助酶法提取葡萄皮渣多酚的工艺条件。结果表明:影响多酚得率的主次因素为超声时间>酶解温度>超声功率>酶解pH,最佳工艺参数为超声时间15 min,超声功率400 W,酶解pH6.0,酶解温度60 ℃,在此工艺条件下多酚得率最高为1.493%±0.0068%。该工艺成本低、简单快速、稳定可行且提取剂环保无公害,因此可以有效替代传统方法提取葡萄皮渣中的多酚。  相似文献   

16.
锦橙皮渣膳食纤维微粉化及其功能特性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以锦橙果汁加工副产物锦橙皮渣为原料制备锦橙皮渣膳食纤维,通过普通粉碎和球磨法微细化处理,得到不同粒径大小的锦橙皮渣膳食纤维微粉和超微粉,测定其理化性质和重金属离子结合力,并利用激光粒度仪、红外光谱、X射线衍射、热分析、扫描电镜对不同锦橙皮渣膳食纤维粉进行粒径测定和结构观察,探究超微粉碎对锦橙皮渣膳食纤维理化性质、微观结构及重金属离子吸附能力的影响。结果表明,球磨微细化处理后膳食纤维的粒径减小;粉体的持水性、持油性、溶胀性、重金属离子结合力显著升高(P<0.05),色泽变浅。本实验为锦橙皮渣的综合利用以及作为一种潜在食品添加剂资源提供理论参考。  相似文献   

17.
    
In this study, grape pomace (GP), a by-product consisting of grape skins and seeds rich in dietary fibres and polyphenols, was used in wafer sheets at different concentrations [5.00 (GP5), 10.0 (GP10), and 15.0 g 100 g−1 (GP15)] for the partial replacement of wheat flour (WF) and improve the functionality of wafer sheets. The GP inclusion at concentrations higher than 5.00 g 100 g−1 significantly affected the texture of sheets as well as the flow behaviour of batters, resulting in softer sheets and more viscous batters (P < 0.05). Moisture contents did not significantly change after GP addition (P > 0.05). After the addition of GP, the L* values decreased and the a* values increased, making the wafers darker (P < 0.05). Moreover, under simulated in vitro digestion conditions, the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds in saliva, gastric juice, and intestinal juice was significantly higher than control even at the lowest GP concentration (P < 0.05). Regarding sensory properties, only smoothness and crispness were significantly affected by GP addition, and samples were found to be crisper with higher concentrations of GP. In conclusion, it is possible to partially replace the WF in wafers with GP at a concentration of 5.00 g 100 g−1 to develop a product with higher functionality and nutrient content.  相似文献   

18.
以酿酒后分离的葡萄皮渣为原料,对其多酚类物质的提取条件进行了研究。在单因素试验的基础上,以乙醇体积分数、料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度为影响因素,以葡萄皮多酚得率为评价指标,进行4因素3水平正交试验,确定出的最佳浸提条件为浸提剂为体积分数70%的乙醇,浸提温度80 ℃,浸提时间40 min,按1∶7(g∶mL)的料液比,浸提次数为3次,在此条件下,葡萄皮渣中多酚提取量为30.03 mg/g。  相似文献   

19.
以废弃的沙棘果渣(seabuckthorn pomace,SBP)为材料,探究蒸汽爆破对沙棘果渣可溶性膳食纤维得率、物化和功能性质的影响。沙棘果渣经过蒸汽爆破处理后,探究处理前后可溶性膳食纤维得率,物化和功能性质的指标的变化。结果表明:沙棘果渣经蒸汽爆破预处理后,其可溶性膳食纤维含量由4.37%提高到24.71%,蒸汽爆破前后可溶性膳食纤维物化特性指标:持水力(3.44 g/g~8.36 g/g)、持油力(1.23 g/g~3.06 g/g)和吸水膨胀力(2.04 mL/g~4.17 mL/g),功能特性指标:葡萄糖的吸收能力(3.87 mmol/g~9.14 mmol/g)、阳离子交换能力(0.31 mmol/g~0.94 mmol/g)、α-淀粉酶的抑制能力(22.05%~40.13%)和胰脂肪酶的抑制能力(12.44%~24.64%)均得到显著提升(P0.05)。红外光谱照射表明蒸汽爆破后没有破坏沙棘果渣可溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF)的结构,扫描电镜结果显示蒸汽爆破后的SDF表面变得褶皱,并出现许多孔洞。  相似文献   

20.
利用葡萄皮渣发酵的葡萄酒醪进行醋酸发酵酿造葡萄醋,并研究发酵过程中化学成分的动态变化。采用GC-MS、氨基酸分析仪和原子吸收光谱对发酵过程中化学成分动态变化进行分析。结果表明:葡萄酒醪和葡萄醋的香气成分的种类相似,主要为酯类和醇类(主要是琥珀酸单乙酯和苯乙醇);葡萄酒醪与葡萄醋氨基酸的种类和含量都相差较大,葡萄酒醪有15种氨基酸,葡萄醋只有5种氨基酸;检测的8种金属元素在葡萄酒醪和葡萄醋中差异不大。   相似文献   

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