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研究大豆蛋白的特性对其高湿挤压纤维化的影响,分别选用低温脱脂豆粉、大豆分离蛋白和五个不同品种的大豆为原料进行实验。研究了氮溶解指数(NSI值)、粒度及大豆蛋白7S/11S比值等因素对高湿挤压纤维化产品特性的影响。实验结果表明,挤压原料特性对高湿挤压纤维化产品的感官质量、质构特性及微观结构产生较明显的影响。较高NSI值和较低粒径范围(0.076~0.135mm)原料的挤压产品纤维化结构较好;大豆11S球蛋白在挤压加工过程中起重要作用,提高11S球蛋白的含量,在一定程度上可以提高挤压纤维化产品的品质。 相似文献
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Effects of microwave pretreatment and transglutaminase crosslinking on the gelation properties of soybean protein isolate and wheat gluten mixtures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Xin‐Sheng Qin Shui‐Zhong Luo Jing Cai Xi‐Yang Zhong Shao‐Tong Jiang Zhi Zheng Yan‐Yan Zhao 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2016,96(10):3559-3566
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以大豆分离蛋白、谷朊粉和豌豆蛋白为原料,采用高水分挤压技术制备组织化蛋白产品,研究了挤压参数对产品品质特性的影响,分别优化出以大豆分离蛋白和豌豆蛋白为主料的两种产品的配方及挤压参数。结果表明,水分添加量对产品品质特性影响显著;螺杆转速在280r/min,挤压温度在160℃时制备的产品具有较好的质构特性和拉丝效果;当大豆分离蛋白添加量40%,谷朊粉添加量35%,豌豆蛋白添加量25%,水分添加量14.0kg/h时,制得的组织化蛋白产品表面光滑,成型性好,可作为鸡肉仿肉制品;当豌豆蛋白添加量45%,谷朊粉添加量35%,大豆分离蛋白添加量20%,水分添加量13.5kg/h时,制得的组织化蛋白产品拉丝状态明显,质构特性指标与牛肉相似。 相似文献
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Physical properties, molecular structures, and protein quality of texturized whey protein isolate: effect of extrusion moisture content 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
To explore the complex relationship between processing conditions and functional and nutritional properties of food products containing whey protein isolate (WPI), we investigated the effect of extrusion texturization at various temperatures (50, 75, and 100°C) and varying moisture levels of the feed (20, 30, 40, and 50%) on changes in the composition, molecular structure, and protein quality of the extrudates. Bradford assay methods were used to determine protein solubility of the extruded WPI as a function of changing level of moisture. Protein compositional changes as a function of extrusion conditions were quantitatively characterized and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE and reversed-phase-HPLC techniques. We showed that at a given temperature, increasing the extrusion moisture content resulted in a slight increase in the overall protein water solubility (at 50 and 75°C), averaging approximately 5% per 10% increase in moisture content. A reduction in β-lactoglobulin content was observed at 50°C with increasing moisture content, indicative of the sensitive nature of β-lactoglobulin to extrusion treatment, whereas the amount of α-lactalbumin remained unchanged at all moisture contents used at a set temperature. The protein quality of the extruded WPI, determined chemically by available sulfhydryl and primary and secondary amines, remained relatively unchanged as a function of moisture level. Circular dichroism and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed considerable structural changes, both at the secondary structural level and the tertiary contacts as a function of increasing temperature, and higher moisture levels can slightly preserve secondary structures but not the tertiary contacts of the protein molecules. Atomic force microscopy provided direct visualization of the fine difference of the protein particles caused by changing extrusion moisture contents, which is in close agreement with the results obtained using other techniques in this work. 相似文献
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组织蛋白成品质量的好坏,尤其是吸水性直接与双螺杆挤压机的工艺操作条件相关。以大豆分离蛋白、谷朊粉、脱脂脱腥大豆蛋白等混合物料为原料,以双螺杆挤压机(FMHE 36-24)为设备,研究了模头温度、液体喂料量、固体喂料量、螺杆转速对产品吸水性的影响。结果表明:挤压工艺参数对低水分大豆组织蛋白吸水性影响程度大小依次为:模头温度>液体喂料量>固体喂料量>螺杆转速。生产低水分大豆组织蛋白的最佳工艺参数为:模头温度160℃,液体喂料量30%,固体喂料量35 kg/h,螺杆转速350 r/min,此条件下吸水率为432.68%。 相似文献
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以谷朊粉为主要原料,研究分别添加花生蛋白、豌豆蛋白、大豆分离蛋白对谷朊粉挤压组织化产品特性的影响。结果表明:花生蛋白、豌豆蛋白、大豆分离蛋白的添加对谷朊粉挤压组织化产品特性均有显著性影响。随着蛋白粉添加量的增大,产品色泽呈现不同程度降低,花生蛋白和豌豆蛋白降幅平缓,大豆分离蛋白下降迅速;添加适量的花生蛋白(10%~20%)可以改善产品感官品质和质构特性(硬度、咀嚼度略有下降);添加适量的豌豆蛋白(20%)、大豆分离蛋白(20%)均可提高产品质构特性。 相似文献
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小麦面筋蛋白组成、结构和功能特性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
小麦面筋蛋白(俗称谷朊粉)主要由麦醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白组成,其蛋白组成和结构是影响小麦面团特性和烘焙品质重要因素。该文对小麦面筋蛋白组成、结构进行综述,以更清楚了解其结构对功能性影响。 相似文献
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Rheological characterizations of texturized whey protein concentrate-based powders produced by reactive supercritical fluid extrusion 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A powder blend comprising (by weight) 94% whey protein concentrate (WPC80), 6% pre-gelatinized corn starch, 0.6% CaCl2, and 0.6% NaCl was texturized using a supercritical fluid extrusion (SCFX) process. The blend was extruded at 90 °C in a pH range of 2.89 to 8.16 with 1% (db) supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and 60% moisture content. The texturized WPC-based (TWPC) samples were dried, grounded into powder, reconstituted in water, and evaluated using a range of rheological studies. Most TWPC samples exhibited shear thinning behavior and their mechanical spectra were typical of weak gel characteristics. The TWPC produced under extremely acidic condition of pH 2.89 with SC-CO2 yielded the highest η* (10,049 Pa s) and G′ (9,885 Pa) compared to the unprocessed WPC (η* = 0.083 Pa s and G’ = 0.036 Pa). The SCFX process rendered WPC into a product with cold-setting gel characteristics that may be suitable for use as a food texturizer over a wide range of temperatures. 相似文献
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利用高湿挤压技术,以松粕、大豆分离蛋白、谷朊粉为原料制备复合组织蛋白。采用中心旋转组合实验设计,建立感官评价(Y)与物料含水率(A)、挤压温度(B)、螺杆转速(C)的相关数学模型,优化制作复合组织蛋白的工艺参数,并利用复合组织蛋白作为原料,对其进行调味研究制作复合素肉。结果表明,高湿挤压的工艺参数为:物料含水率61%、挤压温度152℃、螺杆转速248 r/min。最佳复合素肉配方为:牛肉香膏1.5 g/100 g、食盐1.5 g/100 g、孜然粉0.8 g/100 g、酱油1.0 g/100 g。对复合素肉进行质构剖面分析,结果为硬度50.04 kg、弹性0.995、内聚性0.902、胶粘性45118.383、咀嚼度44.89 kg、回复性0.581,其内部结构上基本与牛肉相似。 相似文献
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为探讨TGase酶对大豆与小麦混合蛋白凝胶性质的影响,本文研究了小麦蛋白的加入前后混合蛋白凝胶功能性质的变化规律。通过研究TGase酶添加量、反应温度、反应pH对混合蛋白凝胶特性的影响可知:蛋白浓度为11%(11 g/100 mL)保持不变,TGase酶添加量为30 U/g,反应温度为40℃,反应pH为7.0时,TGase酶对混合蛋白凝胶特性改善效果最强。对比小麦蛋白加入前后蛋白凝胶的性质,发现小麦蛋白的添加使得蛋白结构的β-折叠含量升高,游离巯基含量减少,凝胶弹性模量(G’)增强,形成了更为多空且紧密有序的三维网络结构,使得混合蛋白的凝胶性能显著增强(p<0.05)。 相似文献
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淀粉对高水分挤压组织化小麦蛋白产品特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究小麦淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉的添加量对高水分挤压组织化小麦蛋白产品特性的影响。以小麦蛋白为主要原料,采用高扭矩双螺杆挤压装备开发高水分组织化小麦蛋白,并分析了组织化蛋白色泽品质(L~*、a~*、b~*、ΔE)、质构特性(组织化度、硬度、黏着性、弹性、聚结性、咀嚼度)以及感官评价。结果表明:小麦淀粉、玉米淀粉的添加均可显著提高组织化蛋白产品的色泽品质,马铃薯淀粉的添加对组织化蛋白色泽品质影响不显著。淀粉的添加可显著提高组织化蛋白的组织化度。随着淀粉添加量的增加,组织化蛋白质构特性(硬度、弹性、聚结性、咀嚼度)均逐渐降低。添加适量小麦淀粉(5%)、玉米淀粉(5%)均可提高组织化蛋白感官品质,马铃薯淀粉的添加会降低感官品质。综合考虑组织化蛋白色泽品质、组织化度、质构特性和感官品质,添加小麦淀粉(5%)或玉米淀粉(5%)较合适,不仅达到了降低生产成本的目的,而且提高了组织化蛋白色泽品质、组织化度和感官品质。 相似文献