基于WMN物理特性的P2P超级节点选取机制

跳数对无线网络传输性能的影响以及P2P网络相邻节点物理位置的不相邻导致P2P网络信息检索延迟过大。该文提出基于无线网状网物理特性的超级节点选举机制。根据节点在网状网中的作用和位置特性确立Mesh子域,构建超级节点服务簇,使簇内节点的实际通信跳数较小,控制应用的端到端传输延时。仿真结果表明,该机制能降低约50％的信息检索延迟。     

可分级P2P流媒体的自适应传输调度算法

可分级视频编码(SVC)技术实现了从单一码流中得到不同帧率、分辨率和图像质量的视频数据,使其更能应对网络的抖动.P2P技术已广泛应用到流媒体直播系统中,现有的SVC P2P传输调度机制主要基于传统流媒体,较少考虑SVC流媒体多层的特殊结构.本文提出一种基于层间网络编码的SVC P2P传输调度算法,称为可分级P2P流媒体的自适应传输调度算法.该算法通过预测和调整邻居节点各层的发送概率,使得请求节点能够按照预定的各层接收比例接收数据包.理论分析和仿真结果显示该算法具有较目前主流算法更好的性能.     

P2P和CDN中MDC流媒体的性能对比

文中检测并对比了基于多重描述编码(MDC)的流媒体在对等网(P2P)和内容分发网络(CDN)中的性能。多个服务器同时为一个客户请求提供相同的描述,这样提高了网络传输的可靠性,并增加了服务器的数据传输率。用ns-2网络模拟器实现了这两种方法,实验结果表明:虽然P2P网络存在高度不稳定的情况,但是基于P2P的MDC流视频的质量明显比CDN上的好。     

基于P2 P流媒体的分层多描述编码

网络异构性与传输可靠性是视频通信存在的两大问题.在视频编码中,分层编码用来解决网络传输异构性问题,多描述编码是解决传输可靠性的有效手段,而分层多描述视频编码则是二者的结合.在分层编码技术的基础上,提出了基于像素空间分解的分层多描述编码,同时给出了提高用户节点视频服务质量的视频子层合成算法和像素估值算法;并通过对像素量化值与估值误差之间关系的分析,建立了一种分层多描述编解码数学模型.实验结果表明,所提出的方案在P2P网络的异构性上有较好的优越性,同时较好地解决了网络传输的可靠性.     

基于网络编码的无线Mesh网流媒体传输平台建设探讨

随着无线流媒体应用的不断出现,无线流媒体传输技术的研究备受人们关注。本文结合当前的无线流媒体传输和网络编码研究现状及分析,提出基于网络编码的无线Mesh网流媒体传输平台建设的研究思路及研究内容。     

基于P2P视频点播技术的流媒体平台设计与开发

随着流媒体应用在Internet上的流行,传统C/S模式的流媒体服务系统已经不能满足流媒体对服务器性能和高带宽的要求,严重阻碍了流媒体业务质量的提高和容量的扩大。本文介绍一种基于P2P网络的流媒体播放技术,它将P2P网络技术和流媒体技术结合起来,充分利用客户计算机的资源,减轻流媒体服务器和网络负载,突破了传统的流媒体播放系统带宽瓶颈,能够保持播放节目流完整而流畅。本文还采用MVC模式和Java语言以面向对象方法设计和开发P2P流媒体网站,利用P2P流媒体技术,实现校园流媒体的视频点播。     

一种分层P2 P流媒体系统重叠网的构建策略

基于Peer-to-Peer(P2P)技术的流媒体应用具有部署效率高及可扩展性好等突出优势。而采用分层视频编码技术的P2P流媒体系统把原视频流分解为多个视频层数据进行分发,让节点能够选择与自己带宽资源相匹配的视频质量,使其很好地适应节点的异构性。但是各分层视频数据传输的路径存在较大差异,使重叠网构建策略面临更大的挑战。因此定义了基于分层视频编码技术环境下的P2P流媒体重叠网络构建问题,并证明该问题是一个NP难问题。提出了一种构建重叠网的集中启发式算法,同时还提出了一种基于视频组(Streaming Group)的分布式重叠网络构建策略。通过大规模网络仿真实验验证了基于该分布式重叠网构建策略的分层流媒体系统具备低服务器带宽占用、高数据获取率等优点。     

P2P流媒体服务方案及其关键技术研究

根据近年来P2P流媒体服务方案的研究成果,归纳并总结P2P流媒体的关键技术,包括覆盖网络构建技术、数据调度技术以及各种优化技术。由此可知,P2P流媒体是一种性价比高、扩展性好的流媒体服务体系,并指出P2P流媒体可进一步的研究方向为P2P流媒体的应用与测量、理论分析与建模、体系架构以及与视频编码、移动网络技术的结合等。     

基于P2P技术的远程专家咨询和教学系统研究

基于P2P的流媒体技术在远程教育中的应用己成为一种必然的趋势。该文介绍一种基于P2P网络的流媒体播放技术,在传统流媒体技术的基础上将P2P网络技术和流媒体技术结合起来,以进一步优化远程教育系统,充分利用客户计算机的资源,减轻流媒体服务器和网络负载,突破传统的流媒体播放系统带宽瓶颈,保持播放节目流完整而流畅,解决偏远农村因带宽问题不能接受视频传输和远程教学的问题。基层农村用户可通过计算机设备借助基于P2P技术的远程视频专家咨询和教学系统接受专家面对面的授课并与专家进行互动交流。     

应用网络编码的P2P流媒体技术研究进展

P2P流媒体是一种极具潜力的流媒体内容分发技术。在P2P流媒体系统中采用网络编码,有利于进一步提升系统整体性能。针对目前流行的基于数据驱动覆盖网络的P2P流媒体系统框架,根据直播和点播这两种流媒体播送模式,深入讨论和分析了具有代表性的网络编码P2P流媒体技术方案的实现机制及其优缺点。最后,对该方向的研究趋势进行了展望。     

数据流干扰感知路由判据的研究

针对数据流内干扰和数据流间干扰对路径性能均存在影响,在无线Mesh网中提出了一种全面考虑数据流干扰的路由判据FIA。该判据以信道为单位,对路径中每一跳的干扰邻链路数据传输量进行捕捉,以度量数据流间干扰。在此基础上,通过取路径中各信道传输时的干扰邻链路数据传输量最大值,考量路径中信道的使用情况,以综合评价数据流内干扰和数据流间干扰。将该评价结果与路径期望传输时间加权求和,实现对传输延时和数据流干扰的均衡考虑。仿真结果表明,FIA在网络吞吐量及丢包率方面的性能均较好。     

User density sensitive P2P streaming in wireless mesh networks

Link rate allocation is very important for supporting high video playback rate in Peer-to-Peer video streaming. Although many studies can be found on resource allocation in P2P streaming in wired networks, very few studies have studied the problem in wireless networks, especially in Wireless multi-hop Mesh Networks (WMNs), which is still challenging. To maximize the users’ satisfaction of P2P streaming in WMNs, this paper focuses on link rate allocation problem and proposes a fully distributed algorithm to efficiently utilize the upload and download bandwidth of wireless mesh nodes. We first build an efficient P2P streaming system based on the experimental results from real deployment of our wireless mesh testbed. Then we design an efficient distributed algorithm based on the solution to a linear optimization model, which optimizes towards a user-density-related objective to decide the best streaming rates among peers. Our scheme is resilient to network dynamics that is characteristic in wireless multi-hop peer-to-peer networks. The simulation experiments demonstrate the significant performance enhancement by using the proposed rate allocation algorithm in WMNs.     

无线网状网多源多径组播P2P流媒体分发

由于无线网络相邻链路间信号相互干扰,无线网状网中P2P流媒体分发不能直接利用现有有线网络P2P流媒体分发的调度算法.为提高无线网状网P2P流媒体分发质量,通过引入流媒体传输率失真模型和组播无线信号干扰模型,提出一种跨层多源多径组播调度策略,并采用改进的遗传算法对该策略进行实现.与多源多径单播调度算法相比,由于多源多径组播调度算法利用了无线网络实质采用广播方式传输数据的特点,能有效的减少流媒体数据传输冲突概率.仿真实验表明,多源多径组播调度算法更能有效的提高无线网状网P2P流媒体分发质量.     

Efficient Multicast Algorithms for Multichannel Wireless Mesh Networks

The wireless mesh network is an emerging technology that provides high quality service to end users as the "last mile” of the Internet. Furthermore, multicast communication is a key technology for wireless mesh networks. Multicast provides efficient data distribution among a group of nodes. However, unlike other wireless networks, such as sensor networks and MANETs, where multicast algorithms are designed to be energy efficient and to achieve optimal route discovery among mobile nodes, wireless mesh networks need to maximize throughput. This paper proposes two multicast algorithms: the Level Channel Assignment (LCA) algorithm and the Multichannel Multicast (MCM) to improve the throughput for multichannel and multi-interface mesh networks. The algorithms build efficient multicast trees by minimizing the number of relay nodes and total hop count distances of the trees. The algorithms use dedicated channel assignment strategies to reduce the interference to improve the network capacity. We also demonstrate that using partially overlapping channels can further diminish the interference. Furthermore, additional interfaces help to increase the bandwidth, and multiple gateways can further shorten the total hop count distance. Simulations show that those algorithms greatly outperform the single-channel multicast algorithm. We also observe that MCM achieves better throughput and shorter delay while LCA can be realized in distributed manner.     

多信道无线Mesh网络负载均衡路由算法研究

针对无线网状网的网络容量问题,在多信道无线网状网模型的基础上,利用线性规划公式对无线网状网的路由问题进行描述,在此基础上提出了一个负载均衡的路由算法,在对业务请求的路由跳步数进行约束的前提上,通过减少网络链路上的负载,达到提高网络的吞吐量的目的。仿真结果表明,提出的算法能显著提高网络性能。     

一种无线实时流媒体增强型自适应FEC控制机制

无线网络动态的信道特性和带宽有限等特点,使得在无线环境下为流媒体应用提供QoS保证面临更大的挑战。提出一种用于无线实时流媒体传输的增强型自适应前向纠错控制策略,以提高接收方的播放质量。该策略采用跨层设计的方法,根据当前的网络状态,自适应地调整MPEG视频帧的发送速率,在视频源数据和冗余数据之间动态分配网络带宽。仿真结果表明,该策略能使接收方获得最大的可播放帧率,有效提高流媒体传输的可靠性和实时性。     

Route Maintenance in IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks

In this paper, we propose a novel Route Maintenance scheme for IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks. Despite lack of mobility and energy constraints, reactive routing protocols such as AODV and DSR suffer from frequent route breakages in 802.11 based infrastructure wireless mesh networks. In these networks, if any intermediate node fails to successfully transmit a packet to the next hop node after a certain number of retransmissions, the link layer reports a transmission problem to the network layer. Reactive routing protocols systematically consider this as a link breakage (and therefore a route breakage). Transmission failures can be caused by a number of factors e.g. interference or noise and can be transient in nature. Frequent route breakages result in significant performance degradation. The proposed mechanism considers multiple factors to differentiate between links with transient transmission problems from those links which have permanent transmission problems and takes a coherent decision on link breakage. The proposed mechanism is implemented in AODV for single-radio single-channel mesh network and an extension is incorporated in multi-radio multi-channel scenarios. Simulation results show substantial performance improvement compared to classical AODV and local route repair schemes.     

无线Mesh网络中VOIP的QoS性能分析

针对VoIP(Voice over IP)业务在无线Mesh网上进行传输时存在服务质量(QoS)需求难以保证、带宽利用率低的问题,介绍了VoIP的QoS影响因素,分析了端到端时延、时延抖动和丢包率等几个重要参数,并对VoIP在无线Mesh网中的传输性能进行了论述。提出了基于无线Mesh网络的QoS保证机制,可以为端到端的数据传输公平的分配带宽,并能在保证QoS下实现大规模的实时任务的多跳转发。仿真试验表明能有效降低端到端时延,有着更好的QoS性能。     

无线Mesh 网络低干扰组播

不同于无线传感器网络和移动Ad Hoc网络,无线Mesh网络中的组播主要侧重于提高吞吐量,而干扰是影响吞吐量的重要因素。在构建组播拓扑时,传统的方法主要考虑最小价值或最短路径,而通过减少干扰来提高组播性能的研究较少,且它们的干扰计算方法都采用单播的思想,并不适合于组播。例如,当n个接收节点同时从一个节点接收数据时,在组播中这n个接收节点之间不存在干扰,而在单播中认为存在干扰。因此,提出了组播冲突图来计算组播干扰,给出组播树干扰的定义。可以发现,求最小干扰组播扰树是NP完全问题,然后提出基于万有引力的启发式算法构建具有较小干扰的组播树。为了适用于多信道的情况,提出了满足不同干扰范围的多跳信道分配算法。最后,仿真结果显示,与MCM相比,所提出的算法无论是在单天线单信道还是多天线多信道下,都能取得较高的吞吐量和较低的延迟。     

A multi-layer experimental study of multimedia and QoS communication in wireless mesh networks

A significant issue in Mesh networks is to support multimedia transmissions while providing Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to mobile users. For real-time multimedia streaming, unstable throughput or insufficient bandwidth will incur unexpected delay or jitter, and it remains difficult to provide comprehensive service guarantees for a wireless mesh environment. In this paper, we target the problem of providing multimedia QoS in wireless mesh networks. We design and implement a campus test-bed for supporting multimedia traffic in mobile wireless mesh networks, and investigate in detail some possible improvements on a number of layers to enable multimedia transmission over wireless networks with QoS support. We first study a number of improvements of some existing routing protocols to support multimedia transmissions. Some new admission control and rate control mechanisms are studied and their performance gains are verified in our experiments. In our new cross-layer adaptive rate control (CLARC) mechanism, we adaptively change the video encoder’s output bit rate based on the available network bandwidth to improve the quality of the received video. We also design a mobile gateway protocol to connect the MANET to Internet and a wireless LAN management protocol to automatically manage WLAN to provide some QoS.