工科大学扩招后的教学实验室建设与管理

大学扩招后如何在人力物力都较为紧张的情况下搞好实验教学，必须以实验室体制改革为核心。笔者结合教学体验，从实验层次的设置、购置实验设备时应重视的问题、实验教学管理体制改革、实验人员的管理使用等几方面分析目前存在的问题。根据实际情况，提出措施与建议。     

Faculty as a Critical Juncture in Student Retention and Performance in Engineering Programs

Large numbers of students depart from engineering programs before graduation. For example, in fields such as engineering and computer science, students have commented on the inaccessible or unapproachable nature of faculty. To evaluate this problem, this study gathered data across four research universities. Using structural equation modeling, it measured environmental effects, i.e., academic integration or faculty distance on (a) self‐efficacy, (b) academic confidence and (c) self‐regulated learning behaviors effort, critical thinking, help‐seeking and peer learning, and (d) GPA. Results showed that faculty distance lowered self‐efficacy, academic confidence and GPA. Conversely, academic integration had a positive effect on self‐efficacy, which in turn had strong positive effects on effort and critical thinking. Consequently, ongoing educational reform efforts must encourage engineering faculty to understand the significance of their student/professor relationships and seriously undertake measures to become personally available to students.     

Fuzzy-Based Sentiment Analysis System for Analyzing Student Feedback and Satisfaction

The feedback collection and analysis has remained an important subject matter for long. The traditional techniques for student feedback analysis are based on questionnaire-based data collection and analysis. However, the student expresses their feedback opinions on online social media sites, which need to be analyzed. This study aims at the development of fuzzy-based sentiment analysis system for analyzing student feedback and satisfaction by assigning proper sentiment score to opinion words and polarity shifters present in the input reviews. Our technique computes the sentiment score of student feedback reviews and then applies a fuzzy-logic module to analyze and quantify student’s satisfaction at the fine-grained level. The experimental results reveal that the proposed work has outperformed the baseline studies as well as state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers.     

Assemblies for In Vitro Measurement of Bioadhesive Strength and Retention Characteristics in Simulated Vaginal Environment

ABSTRACT

The vaginal route of administration offers a promising option for local and systemic delivery of drugs. Conventional vaginal formulations are associated with limitations of poor retention, leakage, and messiness, thereby causing inconvenience to users. To overcome these limitations, formulations that adhere to the vaginal mucosa for a sufficient period of time need to be developed. Bioadhesion and retention are desirable characteristics of a vaginal formulation to achieve desired efficacy. These properties can be built in during formulation development by the use of bioadhesive polymers. In the present study, assemblies for in vitro measurement of bioadhesive strength and retention characteristics of vaginal formulations have been developed. A modified simulated vaginal fluid (SVF_M) was used to simulate vaginal conditions for bioadhesion studies. Cellophane hydrated with SVF_M and isolated sheep vaginal mucosa were used as model membranes. The bioadhesive potential of various polymers and their combinations was evaluated. Among the polymers evaluated, xanthan gum (XG), sodium alginate (SA), Polycarbophil (PC), and their combinations (XG + SA and XG + PC) were found to possess significant bioadhesive strength. In retention experiments, XG, SA, and combinations (XG + SA and XG + PC) were retained in isolated sheep vaginal tissue, while PC exhibited poor retention under experimental conditions. Based on the results of the study conducted, XG, SA, and combinations (XG + SA and XG + PC) have been proposed as potential candidates for developing bioadhesive vaginal drug delivery systems.     

地方院校建筑环境与设备工程专业特色建设的探索与实践

特色建设是专业生存与发展的需要。根据江苏科技大学的办学定位和船舶行业特色,形成了具有船舶特色的建筑环境与设备工程专业。结合专业特色建设的实际,对地方院校建筑环境与设备工程专业的培养方案、课程体系、团队建设、科研工作、工程教育平台建设、实践性教学环节等问题作了较为深入的探索与研究。     

极地系统科学考察——大科学系统工程管理探索

人与地球系统之间的相互作用已成为全球变化的重要驱动力，极地系统是感应全球变化的放大器和指示器极地系统科学进入了一个大科学研究时代。极地系统科学不但是一门研究极地系统对全球变化的响应与反馈作用中运转的机制、规律和控制这些变化的机理，并为区域复杂性及其对全球变化预测提供科学基础的科学，同时也是一门高新技术应用和人类认识自然活动并科学管理极地系统的系统工程学。20年来，中国科学家对极地系统复杂性有了深入的认识，对极地科学考察管理也进行了有益的探索。     

提升小波包变换技术在工程爆破远程测振系统中的应用研究

为适应工程爆破精细化、数字化要求,建立了具有完善信号采集功能的工程爆破远程测振系统。为提升该系统对爆破振动实测数据的信号分析能力引入了提升小波包变换技术。在算法基本原理的基础上,通过算法复杂度分析表明其相对传统小波算法运算速度提高约100%,运算速度快。通过提升小波包算法在爆破振动实测信号能量、时频特征提取中的应用研究表明,基于插值细分的提升小波SGW(6,6)占用资源少、分析精度高,能够满足数字爆破测振及高精度信号分析的需求。     

采用激光和波带板的电视对准光学系统工程研究

本文从X射线光刻自动对准特点出发,探讨采用圆形菲涅尔波带片做为标记,以激光做相干光源的电视对准原理。重点讨论其中光学系统工程问题,如总体考虑、精度分析、能量计算和均化、激光偏振态的传输和控制、激光背景噪音的抑制等。     

面向并行工程的约束管理信息系统的研究与开发

介绍了一个自主开发的面向并行工程的约束管理信息系统，该系统能为ＣＩＭ企业实施并行工程提供有效的技术支持，适用于不同层次、类型的并行工程问题。文中讨论了系统的原理、结构、主要功能及开发方面的相关问题。     

武警工程学院地热供热站房系统及运行

针对当地地热资源丰富的情况,介绍了西安武警工程学院供热站房的系统及运行情况.该学院家属区和教学区采用以地热供热为主、锅炉供热为辅的连续供暖方式.投入运行以来,情况良好,大大节省了燃煤量,减少了环境污染.     

Measuring emotional reactions of university students towards a Student Information System (SIS): A Turkish university case

Studies on user emotion as a vital part of the user experience have been increasing over the last decade. These studies indicate that it is important to take the user emotions into account when developing usable interfaces. Previous studies demonstrated that user's positive emotion towards a system could lead to good user experience and the system success. Although, users' emotions on Information Systems (IS) have been studied in the literature widely, this is not the case for Student Information Systems (SIS). For these reasons, 324 undergraduate students' emotions on a Turkish University's SIS were collected through Turkish version of Emotion Words Prompt List (EWPL-TR) to investigate whether students' emotions can differ based on their demographic information, their dis/liked features on a SIS or their recommendations for increasing usability of a SIS. Analysing users' emotional variations amongst different user characteristics is valuable because focusing on these variations has the potential to raise the quality of the user experience and learning experience with an IS. The results of this study will be important for developers who want to support their users by increasing the quality of their users' experience with a system, particularly in a learning environment.     

Development of the Method of Characteristics for a System of Maxwell Electrodynamic Equations

Expressions for the velocities of propagation of the discontinuity surfaces in a homogeneous anisotropic medium have been obtained and equations of bicharacteristics have been derived. Using them, the surfaces of inverse velocities and threedimensional wave fronts of electromagnetic waves have been constructed for different values of the permittivities and their features have been investigated.     

画法几何及机械制图网络CAI教学系统的研究与开发

介绍了画法几何及机械制图网络CAI教学系统的特点、设计思想、结构和内容.论述了教学系统中4个模块开发的关键技术和实现方法,指出了它们的特点和优势.实践证明,该网络教学CAI系统,在制图课程教学中取得了良好的效果,能使学生加强对教学内容的感性认识,提高学习兴趣,更好的理解和掌握教学内容.     

中国工程科技发展战略研究展望

中国工程科技发展战略研究是中国工程院和国家自然科学基金委员会共同组织和开展的项目,目的是建设一个高水平的国家工程科技智库,搭建我国科技规划平台,发展适合我国国情的科技规划学。展望2035年我国科技水平,通过各项目组明确的顶层设计、两大运行系统的保障,即行政线系统保证战略研究的效率,技术线系统保证战略研究的质量,使之能达到预期的成果。     

高校团学学生干部队伍建设的若干矛盾关系探析

文章从效率和公平、功利与奉献、能力与热情、理想与现实、流动与稳定、共青团与学生会、坚持与妥协等若干矛盾关系入手,探析了高校团学学生干部队伍建设的复杂性,并提出了加强学生干部队伍建设的若干办法.     

高阻隔性包装材料现状及发展

综述了现代包材料中高阻隔性塑料包装材料的现状，介绍了围内外最新研究动及新型材料和工艺，并对发展趋势进行了探讨。     

海洋工程技术强国战略

为了推进海洋强国建设,中国工程院于2011年启动了"中国海洋工程与科技发展战略研究"重大咨询项目研究。本文从海洋探测、海洋运载、海洋能源、海洋生物资源、海洋环境和海陆关联6个重要工程技术领域开展咨询调查研究,系统分析了海洋工程与科技发展的机遇与战略需求,提出了发展战略和任务。明确提出建设海洋强国,科技必须先行,必须首先建设海洋工程技术强国,建议国家加大海洋工程技术的发展力度,加快实施海洋工程科技创新驱动和现代海洋产业发展推进两大计划。     

某汽车排气系统振动特性

建立某汽车排气系统的有限元模型,对其进行模态分析仿真,得到排气系统的前若干阶的固有频率及其振型。基于模态分析和排气系统的振动测试结果,对排气系统在发动机不同转速下的激励引起的振动进行分析,研究排气系统的振动特性,提出结构的改进意见,为提高排气系统的工作可靠性和使用寿命提供参考。     

物理复合改性对SPI保水保油性和结构特性的影响

目的 通过高压均质和热处理对SPI(Soy Protein Isolate)进行改性,探究SPI的保水保油性和结构变化,以期提高SPI在食品加工中的应用。方法 以大豆分离蛋白为原料,通过采用响应曲面法优化高压均质协同热处理SPI改性技术,并研究不同条件的高压均质-热处理方式对SPI保水保油性和结构特性的影响。结果 在先高压后加热的复合改性方式下获得的SPI保水保油性最好,得到了响应面优化的最佳工艺参数,即均质压力为108 MPa、加热温度为93 ℃、加热时间为22 min。改性后的SPI(Modified-SPI,M-SPI)保水性、保油性分别为4.29 g/g和1.74 mL/g。结构表征结果显示,高压均质协同热处理显著改变了SPI的结构,与天然态SPI(Nature-SPI,N-SPI)相比,M-SPI的游离巯基、暴露巯基、二硫键含量及表面疏水性均显著增大(P<0.05),分别为8.83,7.42,22.78 μmol/g和1104;微观形貌显示,与N-SPI相比,M-SPI颗粒表面细致光滑、粒径变小且大小均一、分布均匀。结论 SPI经过高压均质和热处理后,具有良好的保水保油性,研究改性后SPI的结构变化可为其保水保油性的提高提供理论依据。