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探讨在不同温度和pH条件下紫甘蓝花色苷的热稳定性和降解动力学。以80%乙醇浸提,D-101大孔吸附树脂分离纯化制备紫甘蓝花色苷,在50、60、70、80 ℃温度范围内,于不同pH(2.0~6.0)体系中测定不同时间点的花色苷含量,研究其热降解动力学参数和褐变指数。结果表明,紫甘蓝花色苷热稳定性和褐变反应受温度和pH的影响,且其降解速率与时间呈良好线性关系,符合一级动力学模型。随着温度的升高,不同pH下花色苷的半衰期t1/2均呈下降趋势,最大值为83.51 h(50 ℃,pH3.0),最小值为4.43 h(80 ℃,pH6.0),且各pH(2.0~6.0)体系的活化能Ea依次为42.30、45.31、38.85、26.83、31.20 kJ/mol。此外,其褐变指数随热处理时间延长、温度升高及pH增大而增大。 相似文献
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从紫甘蓝中提取纯化花色苷色素,先分别在90、100、120、140℃热处理30 s和2 min,再分别于4、25、45、65℃贮藏21 d,每3天测定花色苷质量浓度及抗氧化能力,探讨热处理及贮藏温度对其稳定性和抗氧化能力的影响规律。结果表明:热处理使花色苷质量浓度下降,花色苷在4℃贮藏稳定性最好,在45℃或更高温度贮藏时,应短于12 d,不同贮藏温度下的花色苷溶液具有还原力及清除羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的能力。因此,含有紫甘蓝花色苷的食品,适宜较低温度热处理及冷藏,减少高温长时间贮藏以避免花色苷损失量过大并伴随颜色改变,但经各温度热处理和贮藏后仍具有抗氧化功能。 相似文献
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本文研究了紫甘蓝花色苷(RCA)对动脉粥样硬化兔血脂的调节作用。新西兰大白兔分为正常对照组、模型对照组、RCA低、中、高剂量组和阳性对照组(n=8)。正常对照组以普通饲料喂养,其他组均以高脂饲料喂养,6周后,RCA低、中、高三个剂量组分别灌胃30、60、90 mg/(kg·d)体重的花色苷,阳性对照组灌胃5 mg/(kg·d)体重的辛伐他汀(simvastatin),模型对照组灌胃2 m L/(kg·d)体重生理盐水。实验第6周和10周分别检测兔子血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)等指标,10周后取血处死,取主动脉作病理形态学观察。结果发现辛伐他汀和RCA能明显降低兔子血清TG、TC、LDL-C的含量,病理切片显示,紫甘蓝花色苷可减轻动脉粥样硬化斑块等病理损伤,揭示RCA对高血脂和动脉粥样硬化具有重要防护作用,且呈现剂量-效应关系。 相似文献
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Roberta Piccaglia Mauro Marotti Guido Baldoni 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(13):1504-1509
In North and Central Italy an experiment was conducted for two consecutive years to optimise the anthocyanin yield of red cabbage. Two hybrids (‘Roxy’ and ‘Gradur’) were grown under a factorial combination of increasing rates of potassium sulphate (0, 50, 100 kg K ha?1) and superphosphate (0, 39, 78 kg P ha?1) applied before planting. Cabbages were transplanted at the beginning of August and harvested in winter. Anthocyanins were extracted from cabbage heads with HCl in methanol (1% v/v solution) and quantified by absorption spectrophotometry at 530 nm. Results showed that red cabbage can give high yields of anthocyanins (more than 90 kg ha?1) which are characterised by strong acylation and therefore, presumably, by good stability. However, differences over sites and years were marked. In the first year, yields in North Italy were reduced by a heavy infection of soft rot disease. The choice of variety, linked to a different anthocyanin content in the heads, appeared to be the major factor for a successful crop. P and K fertilisation had only a small influence. On clay soils in Central Italy the highest rates of both elements had a negative effect on the anthocyanin concentration in cabbage heads. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱和液相色谱-质谱联用技术,对紫甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L. ssp. capitata f. rubra)中花青苷、硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)成分和含量进行鉴定和分析,并对低温(8±1)℃条件下经鲜切处理的紫甘蓝中花青苷和硫苷在货架期内(7 d)的变化情况进行研究。结果表明:紫甘蓝中存在11 种不同矢车菊花青苷,矢车菊-3-阿魏酰-槐糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷作为紫甘蓝中最主要的花青苷,在贮藏过程中的损失量占总花青苷损失量的55.51%,其占总量比例也在贮藏7 d后由35.12%下降至30.60%;紫甘蓝中存在10 种硫苷(由6 种脂肪族硫苷、3 种吲哚族硫苷和1 种芳香族硫苷组成),以4-戊烯基硫苷和3-丁烯基硫苷为主,贮藏7 d后,二者损失率均为7%左右,损失量相加却达总花青苷损失量的50.07%,而所占比例相加也由71.68%上升到74.33%。 相似文献
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本文将提纯的蓝靛果花色苷进行酰基化修饰,并经紫外、红外扫描确定酰基化成功。继而以Vc和未酰基化的样品为对照,研究了经酰基化的蓝靛果花色苷衍生物对DPPH.、.OH、O2.、H2O2的清除能力,抗脂质过氧化能力,总抗氧化以及总还原能力。结果表明,蓝靛果花色苷衍生物具有很强的的体外抗氧化活性并且与浓度呈明显的量效关系。其中总抗氧化能力能力稍强于Vc;清除羟自由基、过氧化氢自由基、清除超氧自由基能力与Vc相当;在总还原能力、清除DPPH自由基和抗脂质过氧化试验中,也有较好的能力,但结果逊于Vc。 相似文献
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探讨紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物对脂多糖(LPS,1μg/mL)诱导RAW264.7细胞炎症反应的影响。以不同质量浓度(1μg/mL、10μg/mL、50μg/mL)的紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物处理RAW264.7细胞后,试剂盒法分别检测一氧化氮(NO)和前列腺素E2(PGE_2)的分泌水平。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6和IL-8分泌水平。实时定量PCR(Quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)检测细胞中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8的m RNA表达水平。结果显示,紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物能有效下调iNOS与COX-2的m RNA表达,抑制NO和PGE_2的释放。特别地,高浓度的紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物(50μg/mL)能显著地抑制LPS所诱发的iNOS(65.80%)与COX-2(48.28%)的m RNA表达,降低NO(58.81%)和PGE_2(46.26%)的释放水平。同时,紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物还能显著下调TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8的m RNA表达水平,并抑制TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8的分泌。结果表明,紫甘蓝总花色苷提取物具有较强的抗炎活性,能够抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞所发生的炎症反应。 相似文献
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本研究将提取的玫瑰茄花青素酰基化,比较分析了酰基化前后花青素在不同温度和光照条件下的稳定性,结果表明酰基化花青素具有较高的光热稳定性。以聚乙烯醇和β-环糊精作为成膜基材,花青素作为指示剂,制备智能指示膜并研究其机械性能、灵敏度和颜色稳定性等。结果显示:酰基化玫瑰茄花青素/聚乙烯醇/β-环糊精(polyvinyl alcohol/β-cyclodextrin/acylated roselle anthocyanin,PCRA)膜的拉伸强度约为玫瑰茄花青素/聚乙烯醇/环糊精(polyvinyl alcohol/β-cyclodextrin/roselle anthocyanin,PCR)膜的3倍,且PCRA膜的微观结构致密,水蒸气透过率较高,为2.06×10-6 g/(m·h·Pa);同时指示膜表现了较高的稳定性但其灵敏度下降。最后将PCRA膜用于典型高价值牛肉新鲜度的监测,结果表明,在4℃贮藏环境下,牛肉在第6天时的挥发性盐基氮含量为16.81 mg/100 g,表明牛肉已经不新鲜,此时PCRA膜的颜色由粉色变为蓝绿色,可有效反映牛肉的新鲜度;同时将牛肉品质的理化信... 相似文献
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响应面法优化紫甘蓝中花色苷提取工艺及抗氧化性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以紫甘蓝为研究对象,以花色苷提取率为考察目标,利用响应面分析法对紫甘蓝中花色苷的提取工艺进行优化并测定花色苷的抗氧化能力。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法中的Box-Behnken模式进行三因素三水平的试验设计。结果表明:乙醇体积分数40%、温度41℃、料液比1∶36(g/mL)时,紫甘蓝花色苷提取率最高。在此试验条件下花色苷含量为13.92 mg/g。抗氧化活性试验表明:紫甘蓝花色苷提取物还原能力较强,能较好的清除DPPH自由基和ABTS+自由基,当花色苷浓度为150 mg/mL时,清除ABTS+自由基能力达到97%,表明所提取紫甘蓝花色苷具有较强抗氧化性。 相似文献
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Manfra M De Nisco M Bolognese A Nuzzo V Sofo A Scopa A Santi L Tenore GC Novellino E 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2011,91(15):2749-2755
BACKGROUND: The present article reports the anthocyanin content in the berry skin and wine of the Italian red grape cultivar Aglianico (clone VCR11 grafted onto 1103 Paulsen), one of the most ancient vines and famous for its deep‐red colour. Anthocyanins were extracted from frozen berry skin in an acidified methanol solution. The extraction mixtures, monitored for 120 h, were analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The extraction from berry skin of delphinidin, petunidin and malvidin appeared to be a time‐independent process, whereas the concentration of peonidin increased linearly with time. Peonidin‐O‐acetyl‐glucoside was transferred from skin more slowly than petunidin‐O‐acetyl‐glucoside and malvidin‐O‐acetyl‐glucoside. The anthocyanin composition of the resulting wine showed that the total anthocyanin content was about one‐tenth of the corresponding berry skin content. The ratio acetyl/coumaroyl anthocyanins in the wine was sharply higher than the value in berry skin (0.85 and 0.10, respectively), indicating an enrichment of acetyl derivatives in the wine. CONCLUSION: Levels of single anthocyanins in wine were not always correlated with those detected in grapes, as they were affected by winemaking. The high values of some anthocyanins in Aglianico wine could ameliorate its quality, increasing the chromatic properties, aging stability and product acceptance. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Leonnard Ojwang Joseph M Awika 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2008,88(11):1987-1996
BACKGROUND: 3‐Deoxyanthocyanins are a rare class of plant pigments primarily found in sorghum and known to possess distinct chemical and bioactive properties. They have potential as natural food colourants. This work investigates how 3‐deoxyanthocyanin pigments react with pyruvic acid and their stability in the presence of ascorbic acid. RESULTS: Substitution at C‐5 was the major determinant of the mechanism of 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin complexation with pyruvic acid: hydroxyl substitution favoured cyclic condensation, whereas methoxyl substitution favoured oxidative ring contraction. Pure 3‐deoxyanthocyanidins generally showed poor stability in the presence of 500 mg L?1 ascorbic acid at pH 2.0 and 3.2 but were stable at pH 5.0; pyruvic acid improved their stability at pH 2.0 and 3.2 and enhanced their colour intensity at pH 5.0. Crude sorghum pigment extract was very stable in the presence of ascorbic acid: 31% colour loss at pH 2.0; 1.9‐ and 1.3‐fold increases in colour intensity at pH 3.2 and 5.0 respectively. In contrast, red cabbage pigment lost 30–85% of its colour in the presence of ascorbic acid under the conditions used in the study. CONCLUSION: Crude sorghum pigments are very stable in the presence of ascorbic acid and may be useful as natural food colourants. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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黑米麸皮与紫包菜花青素提取物的组成、抗氧化性与稳定性比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用液质联用(HPLC-MS)结合串联质谱(MS-MS)技术,分别测定黑米与紫包菜花青素提取物的组成,结果表明:黑米麸皮花青素提取物的主要成分为矢车菊色素-3-葡萄糖苷,几乎占总含量的95%以上;而在紫包菜中的花青素提取物中,检测到了24个花青素组分,主要为酰基化的矢车菊素。FRAP、DPPH及ORAC法的抗氧化活性测定结果显示:在FRAP法与DPPH法中,黑米麸皮花青素提取物抗氧化性高于紫包菜花青素提取物,符合花青素的构效关系;而ORAC法测定的结果则相反。两种花青素提取物在pH值分别为2.0、3.0和7.4时的稳定性比较显示:黑米麸皮花青素提取物的稳定性低于紫包菜花青素,pH值越大两者的稳定性差别也越大,这可能是ORAC法的结果呈现出与花青素构效关系相反结果的原因。 相似文献