地源热泵在室内游泳池供暖空调中的应用研究

在分析了地源热泵系统的特点和概算了室内游泳池的冷热负荷的基础上，提出采用地源热泵系统可同时满足室内游泳池的供暖、空调及池水加热3项需求；分析了不同季节地源热泵在游泳池的运行工况。通过分析比较表明，地源热泵系统的运行费用比传统的冷水机组加燃油锅炉系统的运行费用节省约50％，比冷水机组加燃气锅炉系统的运行费用节省21％。     

地源热泵在室内游泳池供暖空调中的应用研究

在分析了地源热泵系统的特点和室内游泳池的冷热负荷概算的基础上，提出了采用地源热泵系统可同时满足室内游泳池的供暖、空调及池水加热3项需求；分析了不同季节地源热泵在游泳池的运行工况。通过分析表明，地源热泵系统的运行费用比传统的冷水机组加燃油锅炉系统可节省费用约50％，比冷水机组加燃气锅炉系统可节省费用21％。     

地源热泵系统动态经济性分析

介绍地源热泵系统的基本原理,分析地源热泵技术的应用背景。利用费用现值法和年值法对地源热泵系统和空气源热泵系统的经济性进行计算,运用动态追加投资回收期公式得出地源热泵系统初投资的动态追加投资回收期。实例分析表明：地源热泵系统比传统空调系统运行费用低,具有明显的节能环保功效。     

关于齐齐哈尔市地区地源热泵应用的几点浅见

简单介绍了地源热泵的起源及特点,并通过比较地源热泵应用中的优点说明了地源热泵应用在节能环保及运行费用方面具有较大优势,同时也指出其存在重要缺陷,并试图提出解决方案。     

某高校地源热泵空调运行及经济性分析

地源热泵技术作为浅层地热能源利用的主力技术得到了广泛的推广和应用。北方尤其是京津冀地区"十三五"期间建设了大量的地源热泵系统。地源热泵系统显示了其在环保、节能等方面的优势,也暴露出因需要较大的占地面积、一次性投资较高等客观条件限制其发展。以南开大学津南校区地源热泵系统为例,对高校地源热泵空调机组运行状态和经济性进行分析。实际运行参数及相关数据显示,应用地源热泵空调机组,年平均单位建筑面积制冷机组制冷COP值为4.92,供暖COP为3.32。年平均单位建筑面积制冷能源费用为7.29元/m~2,年平均单位建筑面积供暖能源费用为10.59元/m~2,系统运行稳定,经济性能好。     

污水源热泵技术及其应用

介绍了污水源热泵的特点。通过对空气源热泵、地源热泵和污水源热泵等不同采暖系统的经济性和环保效果分析显示，污水源热泵系统的初投资为地源热泵的70％左右。综合考虑初投资和运行费用等因素，污水源热泵系统的经济效果和环保效果最为显著。     

地源热泵系统经济性分析

叙述了山西省长治市东掌村地源热泵系统的设计方案和特点,通过对系统实际运行费用和集中供热费用的比较,指出,地源热泵的技术优点和使用经济性。     

地源热泵中央空调技术在南阳火车站的应用和经济效益分析

本文结合地源热泵中央空调技术在南阳火车站的实际应用进行了阐述,并就运行费用与传统中央空调作了比较详细的对比分析,说明了地源热泵中央空调存在节能、环保以及可再生性等特点,具有无可比拟的优势。     

地源热泵与传统冷热源空调系统的实例对比

以韶山某宾馆地源热泵系统供冷、供热、全年提供生活热水为例,与传统空调系统在初投资、运行费用、生态效益三方面进行了比较,阐明了地源热泵在绿色酒店应用的节能性与环保性。     

地热换热器循环液温度设定浅析

运用地热之星、DeST2软件,计算和模拟了济南地区某实际工程地源热泵系统循环液出口温度对年运行费用和埋管量的影响。应用经济学动态分析法,比较直观地得出了济南地区地源热泵系统设计中最佳的出口温度范围。     

一种基于排取热量平衡的地源热泵系统设计方法

地源热泵空调系统作为一种高效节能的空调系统,正得到日益广泛的应用.然而,由于建筑物的冷负荷及其运行时间往往大于供暖负荷及其运行时间,设计过程中往往取最不利情况下的负荷计算结果作为设计依据,排取热量的不平衡导致地温变化,最终影响空调运行性能.针对于此,提出了一种基于排取热量平衡的地源热泵系统设计方法.     

Study on hybrid ground-coupled heat pump system for air-conditioning in hot-weather areas like Hong Kong

The ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) system is becoming attractive for air-conditioning in some moderate-weather regions due to its high energy efficiency and reliable operation capability. However, when the technology is used in buildings where there is only cooling load in hot-weather areas like Hong Kong, the heat rejected into the ground by the GCHP systems will accumulate around the ground heat exchangers (GHE). This heat accumulation will result in degradation of system performance and increment of system operating costs. This problem can be resolved by using the hybrid ground-coupled heat pump (HGCHP) system, which uses supplemental heat rejecters to reject the accumulated heat. This paper presents a practical hourly simulation model of the HGCHP system by modeling the heat transfer process of the system’s main components. The computer program based on this hourly simulation model can be used to calculate the hour-by-hour operation data of the HGCHP system. As a case study, both a HGCHP system and a traditional GCHP system are designed for a hypothetic private residential building located in Hong Kong, and the economic comparisons are conducted between these two types of systems. The simulation results show that the HGCHP system can effectively solve the heat accumulation problem and reduce both the initial costs and operating costs of the air-conditioning system in the building.     

某智能大厦空调系统冷源方案比较

对某智能大厦空调系统冷源方案—水冷冷水机组与风冷冷水机组，分别从设备性能数据、设备初投资、全年运行维护费用、补水量、制冷性能、震动和噪声等方面进行比较。指出两种方案技术经济性比较相当，但由于群楼屋面未能提供足够空间放置风冷冷水机组，最终选用水冷冷水机组作为本项目的冷源方案。     

水环热泵空调系统应用性分析

水环热泵空调系统是小型水／空气热泵机组的一种应用。通过连通建筑物周边区和内区的水循环环路将小型水／空气热泵机组并联在一起,形成一个封闭环路,将建筑物内区制冷产生的冷凝热转移到周边区,作为周边区热泵的低温热源。水环热泵空调系统在对建筑物内区供冷的同时实现对周边区供热,使建筑物空调的内、外区冷热相抵,建筑物内部余热得到充分利用,节约了能源。本文比较了水环热泵系统相对于常规空调系统在系统结构、节省能源等方面的优势和应用中遇到的问题,并结合工程应用实例,分析了水环热泵空调系统的经济性。     

A review for absorbtion and adsorbtion solar cooling systems in China

In the past decades, solar water collectors were installed for the main purpose of preheating domestic hot water or to cover a fraction of the space heating demand in China. However, solar cooling systems were constructed just for demonstration purposes. Since the building of the first solar-powered absorption cooling system in Shenzhen in 1987, there have been over 10 additional solar cooling demonstration projects constructed. In this paper, the most representative five projects including both absorption and adsorption cooling systems are introduced and summarized. From the demonstrations, solar absorption cooling systems have been shown to be more suitable for large building air-conditioning systems. Comparatively, solar adsorption cooling systems are more promising for small size air-conditioning systems. In order to attain high utilization ratio, it is highly recommended to design solar-powered integrated energy systems in public buildings. In addition, highly efficient heat pumps are considered as the most appropriate auxiliary heat sources for solar cooling systems, for the purpose of all-weather operation. In the 11th Five year research project (duration 2006–2010), solar cooling technologies will be further investigated to achieve a breaking through in the integration of solar cooling systems with buildings.     

Review of latent thermal energy storage systems for solar air-conditioning systems

Solar air conditioning is an important approach to satisfy the high demand for cooling given the global energy situation. The application of phase-change materials (PCMs) in a thermal storage system is a way to address temporary power problems of solar air-conditioning systems. This paper reviews the selection, strengthening, and application of PCMs and containers in latent thermal storage system for solar air-conditioning systems. The optimization of PCM container geometry is summarized and analyzed. The hybrid enhancement methods for PCMs and containers and the cost assessment of latent thermal storage system are discussed. The more effective heat transfer enhancement using PCMs was found to mainly involve micro-nano additives. Combinations of fins and nanoadditives, nanoparticles, and metal foam are the main hybrid strengthening method. However, the thermal storage effect of hybrid strengthening is not necessarily better than single strengthening. At the same time, the latent thermal storage unit has less application in the field of solar air-conditioning systems, especially regarding heat recovery, because of its cost and thermal storage time. The integration of latent thermal storage units and solar air-conditioning components, economic analysis of improvement technology, and quantitative studies on hybrid improvement are potential research directions in the future.     

开式热源塔在热泵系统中的应用分析

介绍了一种新型开式热源塔,分析了该设备的结构特点及工作原理,并探讨了其在暖通空调系统中的适用范围、应用现状及发展前景。通过分析,认为热源塔设备应用于空调系统中可使冷热源合一,一塔两用,实现资源的综合利用,节能降耗。这项新技术尤其适用于我国南方地区,可有效解决空气源热泵冬季运行结霜和地源热泵在南方地区使用受限的问题,值得深入研究和积极推广。     

Life-cycle cost analysis for constant-air-volume and variable-air-volume air-conditioning systems

This study presents a life-cycle cost analysis using detailed load profiles and initial and operating costs to evaluate the economic feasibilities of constant-air-volume (CAV) and variable-air-volume (VAV) air-conditioning systems. The present-worth cost method for life-cycle cost analysis is applied to a sample building located in Adana, Turkey which can be conditioned with CAV or VAV systems. In the analysis, two different uses of the building (as a school or as an office center), two different operating scenarios for air-conditioning system (scenario 1 and scenario 2) and two different economic measures (developed and developing economy) are considered. It is found, for all the cases considered, that although initial cost of the VAV system is higher than that of the CAV system, the present-worth cost of the VAV system is lower than that of the CAV system at the end of the lifetime due to lower fan-operating costs.     

Studies on solid desiccant based hybrid air-conditioning systems

Desiccant based air-conditioning systems offer a promising alternative to conventional air-conditioning systems using vapour compression refrigeration especially under conditions involving high latent loads. The desiccant can be used either in a stand-alone system or coupled judiciously with a vapour compression system to achieve high performance over a wide range of operating conditions. In this paper, the results of a detailed study of solid desiccant-based hybrid air-conditioning systems are presented. The literature review revealed that various authors differ in their evaluation of the efficacy of these systems. This seems to be due to different methods of modelling of dehumidifier and differences in the operating conditions of the cycles employed. Accordingly, the performance of four hybrid cycles (which include a new proposed cycle) for typical hot-dry and hot-humid weather conditions has been evaluated using a detailed procedure for the analysis of rotary dehumidifier, the most commonly employed industrial dehumidifier, based on the analogy method of Maclaine-Cross and Banks [I.L. Maclaine-Cross, P.J. Banks, Coupled heat and mass transfer in regenerators — predictions using an analogy with heat transfer, Int. J. of Heat and Mass Transfer 15 (1972) 1225–1241]. Effect of room sensible heat factor, ventilation mixing ratio, and regeneration temperature has also been studied. The results show that solid desiccant-based hybrid air-conditioning systems can give substantial energy savings as compared to conventional vapour compression refrigeration based air-conditioning systems in most commonly encountered situations.