A novel structure of real-time expert control system for process industry

A new structure of on-line real-time expert control system for process industry is proposed in this paper. The overall system can be hierarchically visualized as three levels. The highest level performs the supervisory functions, such as overall system performance monitoring, possible system components failure detections and diagnoses; and commands generations regarding to the necessary controller parameter tunings or structure variations. It is in this level that the expert control system stores the knowledge and makes the decisions. The second level utilizes some sophisticated signal processing algorithms, such as adaptive filtering, system identification, state estimation, to pre-process the raw measurement data coming from the sensors. So that the procedure of decision-making and structure of the knowledge base become simpler and more concise. It is this level that makes the present structure unique in comparison with the other existing expert control systems. The lowest level consists of the conventional control hardwares which execute the control commands. A prototype system is under construction on an IBM PC-AT microprocessor using PROLOG for knowledge manipulation, decision-making and FORTRAN for numerical computations.     

A Biochip Microarray Fabrication System Using Inkjet Technology

An automated biological fluid dispensing system for microarray fabrication using inkjet technology is presented in this paper. The hardware of the system consists of a high-precision motion system, a robotic material handling system, computer control systems, and extensive vision systems. The system software includes algorithms to handle control, communication, and manufacturing process information. This fluid dispensing system has been successfully used to produce cDNA microarrays and in the investigation of protein microarray manufacturing.     

计算机控制系统的可靠性技术研究

计算机控制系统的可靠性是涉及到它是否能在工业市场上广泛应用的在着大量的干扰,常常导致系统不能正常工作,因此可靠性设计越来越得到人们的重视.分析了计算机控制系统中干扰的来源,并且从硬件和软件两方面给出了提高控制系统可靠性的具体对策:硬件的选择元器件、冗余技术、电源干扰的抑制、电场和磁场干扰的抑制、接地技术及通道上的抗干扰措施;软件的软件工程方法、软件固化及自诊断技术.     

基于无线传感器网络的微灌监控系统研究

根据农业灌溉中的实际需求,结合Zigbee无线传感器网络技术设计了一个由嵌入式测控终端和中央监控计算机组成的灌溉监控网络系统.首先对微灌系统进行了总体设计,给出了系统总体架构;其次设计开发了系统网络总节点和终端节点的软硬件;设计了终端监控软件及其操控平台,实现了对微灌的远程监控.并进行了系统实验,实验结果表明微灌监控系统满足农业灌溉需求,提高了农业灌溉的自动化水平.     

Specification and initialization of a logic computer system

A logic computer system consists of an inference machine and a compatible logic operating system. This paper describes prospective models for a logic computer system, and its hardware and software components. The language Concurrent Prolog serves as the single implementation, specification, and machine language. The computer system is represented as a logic programming goallogic_computer_system. Specification of the system corresponds to resolution of this goal. Clauses used to solve the goal — and ensuing subgoals — progressively refine the machine, operating system, and computer system designs. In addition, the accumulation of all clauses describing the logic operating system constitute its implementation. Logic computer systems with vastly different fundamental characteristics can be concisely specified in this manner. Two contrasting examples are given and discussed. An important characteristic of both peripheral devices and the overall computer system, whether they are restartable or perpetual, is examined. As well, a method for operational initialization of the logic computer system is presented. The same clauses which incrementally specify characteristics of the computer system also describe the manner in which this initialization takes place.     

Semantic network array processor and its applications to image understanding

The problems in computer vision range from edge detection and segmentation at the lowest level to the problem of cognition at the highest level. This correspondence describes the organization and operation of a semantic network array processor (SNAP) as applicable to high level computer vision problems. The architecture consists of an array of identical cells each containing a content addressable memory, microprogram control, and a communication unit. The applications discussed in this correspondence are the two general techniques, discrete relaxation and dynamic programming. While the discrete relaxation is discussed with reference to scene labeling and edge interpretation, the dynamic programming is tuned for stereo.     

基于传感器模型的安全计算机仿真系统

在安全计算机信号系统的研发与测试中,没有真实的传感器接入会带来测试难、验证难等问题。为此,设计一种基于传感器模型的轨道交通安全计算机平台仿真系统。以真实的传感器为模型基础进行传感器建模,控制真实的硬件输出,通过软硬件结合的方法为安全计算机平台提供真实的输入与输出。同时利用软件修改模型参数,模拟传感器故障,为安全计算机平台提供无损坏的故障注入。测试结果证明,该仿真系统能够有效验证安全计算机平台的安全性、可靠性与可用性,加快安全计算机平台的开发进程。     

PC-based hierarchical manufacturing cell control

Robots in the industrial factory plant build the backbone for CIM, which is outlined to be the factory automation strategy of the future. In this paper a hierarchical manufacturing cell control system for robotic work cells is described. This approach is based on low-cost personal computer hardware and consists of two different control systems, one for the robot control tasks and another for the work cell control tasks. The underlying concept is based on a strategic architectural model for hierarchical manufacturing control, where it focuses on the process sequence coordination and the process control in the bottom hierarchical layers.     

计算机基本输入输出系统安全研究

计算机基本输入/输出系统(BIOS)是计算机通电后首先执行的一组程序,是硬件与软件程序之间的接口,其功能包括上电自检及初始化、硬件中断处理、程序服务处理等。为计算机提供最底层、最直接的硬件控制,在计算机系统中起着非常重要的作用。运行在BIOS级别上的代码对计算机系统具有很强的控制能力,BIOS一旦受到恶意破坏将可能直接导致整个硬件系统瘫痪。本文介绍了BIOS的特点,分析了BIOS面临的安全威胁及其风险,并为BIOS风险缓解提出了措施建议。     

An Optimal Approach to Fault Tolerant Software Systems Design

A systematic method of providing software system fault recovery with maximal fault coverage subject to resource constraints of overall recovery cost and additional fault rate is presented. This method is based on a model for software systems which provides a measure of the fault coverage properties of the system in the presence of computer hardware faults. Techniques for system parameter measurements are given. An optimization problem results which is a doubly-constrained 0,1 Knapsack problem. Quantitative results are presented demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach.     

基于C8051F920的超空泡通气系统压力控制研究

为了形成精确可控的超空泡形态,在超空泡技术研究中,需要精确控制多路气体流量.提出了以压力直接控制,实现流量间接控制的通气系统控制方案,建立了通气系统的数学模型.提出了通气系统的控制算法,对压力控制环和阀芯开度控制环分别采用比例积分算法和比例算法实现控制压力的目的.以C8051F920单片机为控制器核心,采用压力传感器作为传感元件,调节阀为执行元件,设计出一套压力控制的硬件和软件系统.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制系统鲁棒性好,响应速度快.系统为水下航行体超空泡形态研究提供了可靠的试验平台.     

油罐液位计算机监测系统

介绍所研制的小型油罐液位分布式计算机监测系统，该系统由超声波液位计、多路扫描器、多功能控制器及PC机组成。同时叙述了系统硬件及软件功能。     

航空机电计算机综合ATS系统校准方法研究

模块化测试系统在维护测试方面的应用越来越广泛,成为目前军用和航空自动测试系统(ATS)的主要组成部分,但模块化体系结构灵活性和可配置性的特点也为ATS系统的校准提出了新的挑战。介绍了机电计算机综合ATS的系统组成,分析了ATS校准策略,详细描述了校准件的设计实现和ATS系统校准过程。提出以ATS系统自身的硬件和软件资源为基础,利用校准件进行系统级校准,可以极大地改善ATS的可用性、校准效率和测量可信度。     

嵌入式系统软硬件协同验证中软件验证方法

随着集成电路及计算机技术的发展,嵌入式系统设计变得越来越复杂．复杂的嵌入式系统设计,通常采用验证的手段检验系统设计的正确性,硬件验证通常是在硬件设计描述的基础上建立用于模拟硬件功能的硬件模拟器;软件验证常用的方法是建立处理器功能模型(指令集模拟器ISS),逐条解释嵌入式软件在目标机器上的执行过程,产生模拟输出,驱动外围电路(即硬件设计)．指令集模拟器从底层时序关系模拟嵌入式软件在目标CPU上运行过程．对于复杂嵌入式系统设计,ISS模拟速度通常成为协同模拟瓶颈．基于RTOS的嵌入式软件快速验证方法可以有效地提高软件模拟速度,扩展RTOS功能,适应协同模拟需要,建立硬件模拟驱动,实现软件和硬件模拟器通信连接和协同模拟同步控制．基于RTOS的嵌入式软件验证方法以编译代码模型为基础,从系统行为级验证嵌入式软件功能,验证速度快．在实际应用中,该方法和ISS验证相结合,能够实现更有效、更快速的嵌入式系统协同验证．最后以几个典型硬件设计为基础,编写相应的控制软件,进行软硬件协同验证实验,实验结果数据说明该验证方法实用、有效、快速．     

DCS结构的面粉生产监控系统

介绍了一种分散控制集中监视的面粉厂DCS系统。该系统由PC机、工控机、PLC组成,能对生产过程进行自动控制,并通过网络把生产情况传送到各地方。文章对系统的软、硬件设计作了详细介绍。     

并行分布式计算机样机的监测测试

介绍了一个基于联机实时监测的方案,它采用了作者研制的ＭＳ－１监测系统。该系统是一个具有同步实时时钟的分布式监测系统,采用事件驱动的软硬件混合监测方式,联机实时监测软件ＯＭ把监测系统的控制与监测数据的采集和观测分析结合起来,完成了联机监测与分析,用来及时提供系统的内部状态信息和动态行为。     

Hardware and software for intelligent robotic systems

A hardware and software methodology for the design of the three interactive levels of intelligent robotic systems is proposed. The organization level is modeled as an expert system, the coordination level as a loosely coupled parallel processing system and the execution level as a series of specific hardware components which execute specific tasks. Microprocessor-based configurations and discrete logic design techniques are utilized for the overall system hardware configuration. The proposed methodology, does not violate the system hierarchical structure. A case study demonstrates the feasibility of the approach.     

发酵过程的计算机监测和控制

介绍了发酵过程计算机监测和控制 ,讨论了发酵过程中所需监测和控制的参数及特点。在硬件方面 ,分析了发酵监控计算机硬件构造 ,发酵过程的分布式监控系统构成。在软件设计方面 ,分析了测控计算机的软件结构 ,上位机软件构造 ,发酵监控总流程等。重点讨论了发酵监控计算机的可靠性设计问题 ,发酵过程计算机监测和控制系统将会有助于我国发酵行业的生产自动化水平的提高 ,并具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

一种实现CIMS与底层设备通讯的方法

企业实施CIMS系统中，管理计算机与底层设备的通讯是一个很重要的环节．以某钢 铁企业计算机控制系统的硬件通讯为背景，探讨了CIMS中与底层设备进行计算机通讯的设计 与具体实现问题．其中重点研究了MIS系统与底层设备基础自动化级、过程级的网络结构设 计与实现．现场应用结果表明该系统的设计方案是实现CIMS与底层设备通讯的可靠、经济、 可行的方法．