分析小型水下圆柱壳结构冲击响应的一种近似方法

根据小型水下圆柱壳状结构受爆炸冲击后散射现象严重的特点，提出了一种新的冲击加速度的近似计算方法。首先把带加强筋的柱壳结构简化为光滑柱壳，并将冲击波分解为不同频率谐和平面波的迭加，然后，采用耦合模态法分析了受爆炸冲击水下圆柱壳状结构周围的散射场，求出了圆柱壳水下结构的表面接收压力，进而分析其受到爆炸冲击后的冲击加速度，并研究了结构的弹性变形、材料特性对冲击加速度响应的影响。工程应用实例的分析结果表明，该方法具有物理概念清晰，运用方便，准确高度的特点，可适用于分析小型水下圆柱壳状结构受到冲击加速度响应。     

管桩屏障在柱面波源下近场隔振效应的解析求解

基于波函数展开法表示柱面波源自由场,首次提出了一种求解柱面波源下管桩屏障对弹性波隔振效应的解析方法。方法首先考虑柱面波源与管桩屏障的位置关系,采用波函数展开法对入射柱面波进行了0阶Hankel展开表示,并采用任意坐标系间变换的Graf加法定理在任意桩体坐标系中表示,将入射波场和散射波场叠加后通过满足所有桩体的边界条件以求解所有桩体的散射波场。该解析方法分析了柱面波源入射下群桩屏障的隔振效果,首次在排桩隔振问题中考虑了入射波曲率的影响,为柱面波的散射问题提供了理论解答。该文重点讨论了入射波曲率、管桩个数和桩排数等因素对管桩隔振效果的影响,结果表明：整体上管桩屏障对柱面P波的隔振效果优于柱面SV波;柱面波源距离管桩屏障更近时排桩后场地的位移反应显著增大;相比平面波,柱面波源作用下排桩数量的提升对隔振效果的影响较小;三排管桩屏障比两排管桩屏障隔振效果更强,更宜采用三排管桩屏障进行柱面波源的隔振。     

Wave propagation in a restricted class of orthotropic inhomogeneous half-planes

This work presents closed-form solutions for free-field motions in a certain type of orthotropic, continuously inhomogeneous half-planes that include both incident and reflected waves from the traction-free horizontal surface. A state of plane strain holds and both pressure and vertically polarized shear waves are considered. The methodology is restricted to media with orthotropic material characteristics that vary quadratically with respect to the depth coordinate. The method of solution is a hybrid approach based on the plane wave decomposition technique, augmented by appropriate functional transformation relations for the displacement vector. The existence of a unique analytical solution as superposition of incident P- or SV-waves and the corresponding reflected P- and SV-waves is proved under certain restrictions on the incident wave direction. Finally, a numerical study reveals the influence of material inhomogeneity and orthotropy on the displacement free-field motion.     

Dynamic Stress around Two Interacting Cylindrical Nano-Inhomogeneities with Surface/Interface Effects

On the basis of continuum surface elasticity, two interacting cylindrical nano-inhomogeneities with surface/interface effect in a small-sized solid under anti-plane shear waves are investigated, and the dynamic stress around the nano-inhomogeneities is analyzed. The wave function expansion method is used to expressed the wave field around the two nano-inhomogeneities. The total wave field is obtained by the addition theorem for cylindrical wave function. Through analysis, it is found that the distance between the two nano-inhomogeneities shows great effect on the dynamic stress in nano composites. The effect of the distance is also related to the properties of the nano-inhomogeneities and the interface, the wave frequency, and the incident angle of shear waves. To show the accuracy of the results for certain given parameters, comparison with the existing results is also given.     

Point force excitation of a thick-walled elastic infinite pipe with an embedded inhomogeneity

The propagation of elastic waves in thick-walled pipe with an embedded inhomogeneity is considered. The pipe is excited by a point force applied on its surface and the time harmonic problem is solved using the null field approach, a method whose main characteristics are surface integral representations and expansions in spherical and cylindrical vector wave functions. Entering in the expression for the scattered field are the transition matrix for the cavity, the reflection matrices for the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe, the transformation functions between the spherical and cylindrical vector wave functions and also the translation for the cylindrical waves. Numerical examples, both in the frequency and time domain, are presented for a spherical cavity and an open circular crack.     

The propagation and reflection of finite amplitude cylindrically symmetric shear waves in a hyperelastic incompressible solid

Summary We consider axially symmetric shear waves propagating in an incompressible hyperelastic thick-walled cylindrical shell, whose strain energy function is expressible as a truncated power series in terms of the basic strain invariants. A continuous pulse is initiated at the interior boundary of the cylinder by surface tractions of finite duration. The pulse propagates away from the interior boundary, then reflects from the outer boundary, and subsequently reflects back and forth between the two boundaries of the cylinder. We analyze shock development of the first incident and first reflected wave. The incident pulse can break before it reaches the outer boundary. Using Whitham's nonlinearization technique, we determine conditions under which the incident wave breaks and which shock waves can subsequently occur. Similar calculations are carried out for the first reflection. The formulas obtained for the incident pulse provide accurate estimates of the breaking distance and time, and the location of the shock paths, for any incident shock waves that occur. Results obtained for the reflected wave cannot be used to make similar estimates, but they do reveal that once the pulse has completely left the outer boundary, the possible shock that can occur is the same as for the incident wave. Our analysis is carried out for axial shear waves. A similar analysis can be done for torsional shear waves, but not for combined axial and torsional shear wave propagation. We illustrate the conclusions of our shock analysis with numerical solutions obtained using a relaxation scheme for systems of conservation laws. Numerical results are obtained for axial shear and for combined axial and torsional shear. These results indicate that the shock behavior indicated by our analysis of axial shear is also valid for combined axial and torsional shear wave propagation.     

基于两向设计地震动的二维自由场构建

针对在设计地震动基础上构建平面半空间自由场的问题,在综合考虑水平向与竖直向设计地震动基础上获得平面半空间自由场,实现了将设计地震动与以任意角度组合入射的P波、SV波构成的自由场相联系。首先在已有成果的基础上,研究了以任意角度入射情况下P波及其反射波、SV波及其反射波对水平向和竖直向设计地震动的贡献;然后在假设入射P波、SV波与两向设计地震动具有相同频率组成的基础上,获得了以特定角度组合入射条件下P波、SV波的频谱和相位信息;进而通过傅里叶逆变换获得入射P波、SV波的时间序列;最后依据P波、SV波及其反射波在平面半空间的传播情况获得自由场条件下平面半空间内任意点的水平向和竖直向地震动。该文所采用的波场构建方法可实现对包含任意频谱和相位信息的两向设计地震动所对应的平面半空间自由场的构建,所获得的斜入射P波和SV波也具有各自的频谱和相位信息。最终得到的平面半空间自由场任意点水平向和竖直向地震动时间序列具有非一致性;根据入射P波、SV波结合地基边界条件确定的空间点地震动时间序列可用于结构的非一致地震动输入。     

Reflection and refraction of plane waves at interface between two piezoelectric media

This paper analyses reflection and refraction of plane waves at a perfect interface between two anisotropic piezoelectric media. The equations of elastic waves, quasi-static electric field, and constitutive relationships for the piezoelectric media are derived. A solution based on the inhomogeneous wave theory is developed to address the inconsistency between the numbers of independent wave modes in the media and the numbers of interfacial boundary conditions to obtain accurate reflection and refraction coefficients in case of strong piezoelectric media, where all the elastic and electric continuity conditions across the interface are satisfied simultaneously. The study shows that there exist independent and zero energy wave modes satisfying the general Snell’s law and propagating along the interface for any incident wave angle. These waves can be treated as pseudo surface waves. It is further found that all the reflection/refraction waves including the pseudo surface waves obey the energy conservation law at the interface boundary. In addition, the analysis also reveals that the reflection and refraction elastic waves can turn into pseudo surface waves at some critical incident angles.     

A simple closed form dispersion equation for shear types of surface waves propagating in periodic structures

A closed-form dispersion relation is found for shear surface acoustic waves (SAWs), namely, Bleustein-Gulyaev waves (BGWs), surface transverse waves (STWs), and leaky waves, propagating in periodic structures in the frequency range corresponding to the Bragg stopband. Changes in the spatial structure of the waves mutually reflecting on the grating as well as bulk wave scattering are considered. A comparison with numerically obtained dispersion curves for leaky waves on 36-LiTaO (3) shows good agreement.     

Simulation of light propagation by local spherical interface approximation

A new local elementary interface approximation is introduced for the modeling of wave propagation through interfaces between homogeneous media. The incident wave and the surface profile are approximated locally by a spherical wave and a spherical surface, respectively. The wave field travels through the modulated structure according to the laws of geometrical optics, being refracted by the surface and propagating to the output plane locally as a geometric spherical wave. Diffraction theory is applied to propagate the field from the output plane onwards. We provide comparisons of the method with the thin-element approximation, the local plane-wave and interface approach, and rigorous diffraction theory using a sinusoidal surface-relief grating as an example. We illustrate the power of the new method by applying it to the analysis of a diffractive beam splitter.     

多排柱腔构成的非连续屏障对SV波的隔离

运用复变函数的保角映射方法和波函数展开法,根据柱腔壁处土体完全自由,即应力为零的边界条件,得到了多排柱腔构成的屏障对入射平面SV波的多重散射的理论解,根据屏障后归一化位移(入射和散射SV波产生的总位移与入射SV波在同一点产生的位移之比)的变化规律,着重分析了多排(双排和三排)和单排柱腔对平面SV波的隔离效果,结果表明：(1) 双排和三排柱腔屏障的隔离效果明显好于单排柱腔屏障;(2) 当入射SV波的频率较低时,双排并列正对的柱腔屏障的隔离效果较好,而当频率较高时,双排交错的柱腔屏障的隔离效果较好;(3) 三排梅花桩布置的柱腔屏障的隔离效果好于双排柱腔,当入射SV波的频率较高时,屏障后有近3/4的面积的隔离效果都超过了60%;(4) 无论是单排还是多排柱腔屏障,当入射SV波频率较高时,靠近屏障边缘区域的隔离效果要好于中心区域。     

Surface transverse waves exceed the material Q limit for surfaceacoustic waves on quartz

State-of-the-art 1.244-GHz surface transverse wave (STW) resonators on AT-cut quartz are characterized. They demonstrate an unloaded Q of 8144 which is as high as 97% of the material Q limit for surface acoustic waves (SAWs). By analyzing the measured data and accounting for the ohmic loss, it is shown that the material Q for STWs on quartz, experimentally obtained from these devices, is at least 37% higher than the material Q for SAWs     

多排柱腔列对平面P波和SH波的隔离

运用复变函数的保角映射方法和波函数展开法,利用P波和SH波耦合散射的特性,根据土体在柱腔壁处完全自由(即径向应力和切向应力为零)的边界条件,得到了多排柱腔列构成的非连续屏障对平面P波和SH波隔离的二维平面问题的理论解,通过绘制屏障后归一化位移(同一点处由入射和散射波产生的总位移与入射波单独产生的位移之比)的等值线图,分...     

The excitation and detection of lamb waves with planar coil electromagnetic acoustic transducers

Planar coil electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) are investigated for the excitation and detection of Lamb waves in nonferromagnetic metallic wave-guides. Such EMATs are attractive for certain applications due to their omni-directional sensitivity to wave modes with predominantly in-plane surface displacement, such as the So Lamb wave mode. A model is developed that enables the modal content of the radiated Lamb wave field from a transmitting EMAT to be calculated, and the output voltage from a receiving EMAT to be predicted when a Lamb wave mode is incident on it. The predictions from this model are compared with experimental data obtained from 12 different EMATs tested on a 5-mm thick aluminum plate, and good agreement is obtained. The model then is used to analyze the different effects that contribute to the overall Lamb wave modal sensitivity of an EMAT. The relationship between coil geometry and wavelength is examined.     

用于毫米波焦面阵成像系统的扩展半球介质透镜

毫米波成像是近年来毫米波领域的一个研究热点,而焦面阵成像因其具有实时成像的优点更加受到重视。中分析可用为面阵成像的扩展半球介质透镜。这种焦面阵成像结构将集成天线阵贴附在透镜背面接收透镜聚焦的功率,消除了集成天线工作在毫米波频段时存在的表面波对天线性的影响,具有尺寸紧凑、损耗小的特点。采用Stratton-Chu公式和射线追迹分析了电磁波入射到扩展半球透镜上时在其背面的场分布,即透镜的焦区场分布,以获得透镜用于焦面阵成像时的性能。为验证分析方法的正确性,对平面波垂直入射和会聚高斯束入射两种情形进行了实验验证,实验结果与理论分析吻合较好。该透镜天线还可用来消除常规集成毫米波系统中抛物面天线与集成前端之间的过渡,以降低损耗,改善系统性能,也可用于与准光系统的连接或耦合。该结果将对上述应用提供理论指导。     

圆柱壳辐射声场重构的波叠加方法

将声全息技术应用到水下结构的声场重建问题中。通过理论推导和数值仿真,分析一两端带半球帽的圆柱壳模型在不同激励作用下声场的重建效果及影响重建精度的因素。考虑到实际应用,全息面分别采用柱形全息面和平行的双平面全息面。仿真结果表明,该方法是一种稳健的全波数空间声场重构技术;其重建精度受到等效源面参数、全息面参数及测量环境信噪比等多因素的影响;在含有测量噪声的条件下,应用Tikhonov结合L曲线的正则化方法仍可以较精确地重构声场;相比于其它方法,波叠加方法具有测点少,计算速度快等优点,有很好的应用前景。     

考虑地震波幅值衰减的斜入射二维自由场

本文将传统基于地震波垂直入射的自由场构建方案推广到地震波斜入射情况。在假设平面半空间自由场由以特定角度组合入射的平面P波、SV波及其反射波构成的前提下,通过引入介质品质因子、临界幅值比和子波影响距离等参数完成了均匀线弹性介质中基于地表地震记录、考虑地震波衰减影响的自由场构建。通过地基特征点处入射P波、SV波的时、频域特性,特征点位移时程研究了临界幅值比和地震波幅值衰减因素对自由场的影响。结果显示,对于水工结构等低频激励起主要影响的结构来说,构建自由场时临界幅值比的选择具有较大自由性;在岩体较完整、涉及范围较小时,地震波幅值衰减因素对自由场的影响较小,可忽略不计;但在一些极端情况下,地震波幅值衰减因素对自由场的影响可能达到20%左右。     

Formation of cylindrical shock waves in radiation-magneto gas dynamics

The propagation of acceleration waves in radiation-magneto gas dynamic flow which is induced by the motion of a piston advancing with finite acceleration into a constant state of rest has been studied along with the characteristic path by using the characteristics of the governing quasilinear system as the reference coordinate system. It is shown that a linear solution in the characteristic plane can exhibit nonlinear behaviour in the physical plane. A differential equation governing the growth and decay of an acceleration wave is derived. The critical time is obtained when all the characteristics will pile up at the wave front to form a shock wave. It is found that the effect of magnetic field on compressive waves which owe their origin to radiation is to cause an early shock formation, while on those of expansion waves which owe their origin to radiation the effect of magnetic field is to decrease the decay rate. However, the effect of coupling of radiation and magnetic field on waves (compressive) which are emanating from piston movement is to slow down the motion of a breakdown point and thus increase the cylindrical shock formation time, while on those of expansion waves, the effect is to enhance the decay rate.     

Scattering of plane electromagnetic waves by a chiral-metal cylinder

The problem of scattering of E-and H-polarized plane electromagnetic waves by a metal cylinder covered with a chiral layer is solved by the method of partial regions. The scattering field is studied in the near and far zones. The correlation between the type of polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave and the magnitude of the depolarized component of the scattered field is considered.     

Wave Theory for a Converging Spherical Incident Wave in an Infinite-aperture System

Abstract

Weyl's formula describes the decomposition of a monochromatic spherical wave into an angular spectrum of plane waves. In this paper, explicit formulae for the separate contributions of homogeneous and inhomogeneous plane waves are given, and the results used to obtain an exact solution to the half-space boundary-value problem for the focusing of a converging spherical incident wave in an infinite-aperture system.