建设项目环境影响评价的方法探讨

随着环境问题的日益突出,建设项目环境影响评价方法越来越被重视。建设项目环境影响评价本身是一个复杂的系统工程,其涉及的学科范围较为广泛,需要综合分析和评价。本文主要对建设项目环境影响评价内容和具体方法进行探讨。     

集中供热建设项目环境影响评价的清洁生产分析

在集中供热建设项目环境影响评价的清洁生产分析中，评价人员往往仅对锅炉炉型选择、燃料选择、粉煤灰的处理措施进行简单的评述，而不能从工艺角度进行清洁生产分析，从而影响了环境影响评价报告书的质量。集中供热系统主要分为热能生产、热能输送和热能使用三个技术环节，本文即从能源消耗角度对这三个技术环节进行清洁生产分析。     

浅析建设项目环境影响后评价

目前,我国环境影响后评价仍处于起步阶段,其理论和实践都具有很强的探索性。随着环境影响后评价作为环境影响评价的延伸,是提高环评有效性的有力手段。环境保护需要通过科学化、法制化的手段来实行,而环境影响评价就是环境保护得以实施的重要途径,科学合理的环境影响评价制度,是顺利实施环境保护以改善人类生存环境的有力保障。本文针对建设项目环境影响后评价进行了深刻的分析与研究。     

建设项目环境影响评价工作的现状与对策分析

在我国的建设项目中，环境影响的评价工作对我国的经济持续而稳定的发展和环境的保护起了相当重要的作用，但其中也存在部分问题，例如工程的分析不细致、报告书低质量等，一些环境影响的评估没有起到实际的作用。现在对目前建设项目环境影响评价工作进行分析，并对存在的问题进行改革解决。     

固体废物环境影响评价问题研究

固体废物环境影响评价对于生态环境保护以及污染治理工作的开展有着一定的指导作用,是我国控制污染增量,实现绿色发展的关键。该文着眼于实际,结合自身工作经历,着力探究固体废物环境影响评价中存在的问题,以问题为导向,采取针对性的应对手段,补齐工作短板,构建起科学完善的固体废物环境影响评价体系。     

我国环境影响评价公众参与工作存在的问题及解决对策

工业化建设的快速发展也带来了严重的社会环境问题,环境保护已成为当今各国必须重视的问题之一。在环境的保护过程中非常重要的一点就是环境影响评价工作,而环境影响评价中尤为重要的一部分是公众参与。本文主要分析了公众参与环境评价的重要性和在具体的操作过程中存在的问题及对应的解决措施。     

我国环境影响评价现状监测存在的问题及对策

环境现状监测是环境影响评价的重要组成部分,它给环境影响评价提供必不可少的基础数据。本文针对目前环评现状监测质量管理存在的～些问题,提出相应的管理措施。     

林纸一体化建设项目环境影响评价重点探析

造纸术是我国古代的瑰宝，随着时代的发展，造纸术不断的改革创新，就目前来看林纸一体化建设是其中重要的手段。针对林纸一体化项目的特点，确定了林纸一体化项目环境影响评价包括工业污染环境影响评价及生态环境影响评价，两者相互穿插。为了降低对环境的破坏与污染，应以环境影响评价为抓手，对林纸一体化建设项目环境影响评价进行科学的探析，为项目的建设提供科学的依据。     

电力工程建设项目精细化管理对策

在电力工程建设项目中引入精细化管理的思想,有利于建立起全面性、全方位、精益化以及标准化的项目管理制度。这种精细化项目管理的根本目标,是对工程项目管理工作进行持续性改进,以切实实现工程项目在管理水平与管理效能上的提升。本文结合电力工程的建设实例,从精细化管理的内涵及特征出发,并着重就提高电力工程建设项目精细化管理水平的对策进行了分析与探讨。     

环境影响评价的问题及对策探讨

本文主要针对我国环境影响评价中的问题进行探讨，在国家决策、环保监管体制以及环保部门执法力度方面提出对策。     

Development of the EIA process in Cyprus

It is expected that Cyprus will join the European Union (EU) during the next enlargement (anticipated 2003-2005) and will therefore need to incorporate various European legislation, regulations and standards into existing legal, administrative and operational frameworks, including environmental impact assessment (EIA) as set out in Directives 85/337/EEC and 97/11/EC. This paper evaluates the Cyprus EIA provisions and makes a number of suggestions and recommendations as to how the Cyprus EIA process may be improved. Provisional EIA legislation in Cyprus includes some, but not all, of the European EIA requirements. The Cyprus EIA process in practice is highly variable, in some instances struggling to achieve the requirements of existing Cyprus legislation, and in others going beyond even Directive 97/11/EC. The findings of this study can be used to assist in updating the current Cyprus EIA system to reach the EIA standards set by the EU.     

Developing environmental management systems to deliver mitigation and protect the EIA process during follow up

Developmental projects are dynamic in the manner in which proponents react to issues or events arising during the conceptual planning, design or construction phases. The basic challenge of integrating environmental impact assessment (EIA) into an existing environmental management system (EMS) is to provide adequate control while allowing flexibility to cope with site-specific project requirements. Environmental management plans (EMP) are one way of controlling the environmental effects of construction projects. These contain project-specific protocols that act as an EMS interface between the EIA and subsequent project planning and development phases. This paper developed from the EIA follow-up session of IAIA 2001 in Cartagena, Columbia outlines the framework for an EMP and its application in respect of the development of an electrical infrastructure project within the UK.     

建筑项目中的冲突强度评估及策略选择问题研究

冲突管理是项目管理9大知识模块之外的又一知识领域。分析决定冲突选择策略的三要素：冲突类型、冲突强度和冲突在冲突生命周期中的时间段，并构建了评估外部冲突和内部冲突强度的基本框架。在此基础上，提出了解决冲突的组合策略和动态策略。     

工程项目生态系统概念与原理研究

依据生态学和应用生态学的基本概念和原理，结合工程项目系统的特征，提出了工程项目生态系统的概念。采用对比分析法对工程项目生态系统的层次结构、原则、组成进行了具体的分析。工程项目生态系统的演化、平衡和生命系统一样，是个非线性的耗散结构,其演化和平衡满足逻辑斯谛模型     

Meta-analysis of EIA public hearings in the state of Gujarat,India: its role versus the goal of environmental management

Public consultation is an important decision-aiding process in environmental impact assessment (EIA) and aids in building up consensus between various stakeholders, primarily the local public. In this meta-analysis, proceedings of 100 public hearings (PHs) recorded in the Indian state of Gujarat were analysed for the views of local public between environmental issues and others while an industry is being set up across five sectors – bulk drug and drug intermediates, cement, highway projects, oil and gas exploration and thermal power plants. The analysis shows that environmental issues are only 33% of the total issues raised, while socio-economic, infrastructure, PH process, track record and other general issues cover 21%, 13%, 2%, 12% and 19%, respectively. This implies that irrespective of sector or project local socio-economic and developmental concerns outweigh environmental issues and the current PH process is not able to get the appropriate inputs and insights from the stakeholders in improving the environmental decision-making. In light of these, some alternatives for strengthening the EIA-PH process is proposed in the paper.     

浅论建设工程项目总承包

以项目管理为核心的建设工程项目总承包是适应社会主义市场经济条件下的建设工程管理模式。它利用经济杠杆优化配置各种生产要素,以项目管理的技能为业主提供专业服务,实现项目的最小投入最大产出。本文对工程项目管理总承包的功能及其健全运行的建设市场环境进行初步探讨。     

国际视野下我国生态文明的建设现状与任务

深化生态文明建设的战略布局,客观上要求对我国的生态文明建设与国际进行比较,以确立赶超目标,找准发展重点。本研究构建了生态文明建设国际比较指标体系,以20国集团经济体的生态文明建设状况为评价对象,从生态状况、环境质量、社会发展和资源利用领域展开评价,获得各经济体生态文明指数2017和生态文明建设进步率(1990—2015)。量化评价结果显示,我国的生态文明建设水平排名靠后,与发达国家的最大差距在环境质量上,其次是资源利用效率。但我国在建设进步的速度上遥遥领先于其他经济体,正在奋起直追。本研究提出了提升我国生态文明建设水平的任务层次、战略重点以及赶超先进水平的时间节点。     

基于工程项目SD模型的并行建设策略研究

并行建设对建设工程项目进度和成本的影响具有动态性、反直观和非线性等特征,传统项目管理方法对项目并行建设模式下的决策支持作用已显不足.在分析项目并行建设中不同工作之间的依赖关系、返工、工程变更、质量问题、资源约束、进度压力和组织决策等因素因果关系的基础上,构建了建设工程项目SD模型.以该模型为“策略实验室”,对实际项目进行仿真实验,应用系统结构和行为相结合的方法,对仿真结果进行机理分析,可以得出使建设工程项目的工期和成本最优的并行建设策略.     

Public participation in EIA: the case of West African Gas Pipeline and Tank Farm projects in Nigeria

This paper assesses the extent to which public participation has been fully translated into practice the case of West African Gas Pipeline (WAGP) and Tank Farm (TF) projects in Nigeria. The empirical basis for this paper is constituted by published environmental impact assessment (EIA) report for the WAGP and TF projects. In addition to this, face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used to corroborate whether provisions of public participation as documented in WAGP and TF projects' EIA report have been fully translated into practice. The lack of compliance noticed with TF project was not surprising as such, being an indigenous oil company, but our expectation is that WAGP project, which is not just a multinational project alone but also sponsored by the World Bank, should comprehensively serve as a yardstick for other projects in Nigeria, although the reverse is the case. The findings further show that institutional problems have prevented public participation from being translated into practice. These institutional problems arise from deep-seated economic and social factors.     

包装广告的法律监管现状及对策研究

商品包装广告是指以商品包装材料为载体的广告.由于目前法律法规对这类广告的监管难以到位,建议,为确保商品包装广告的真实性和合法性,应对此制定相应的法制法规.