结构误差对天线阵面电性能的影响

基于场耦合的概念,建立了有源相控阵天线阵面的机电耦合模型。天线阵面的阵元布置为环栅阵,仿真计算了阵面因子方向图和阵面方向图。依据此环栅阵,将结构误差加入机电耦合模型,得到结构变形误差,阵面加工误差,累积安装误差对天线阵面电性能的影响数据。研究分析结构误差对天线增益、栅瓣电平、波束指向和波束宽度等天线阵面电性能指标的影响,可知天线阵面对振动的位移响应对电性能的影响满足系统的指标要求,阵面加工误差和累积安装误差对天线阵面电性能的影响较小。     

基于阵面变形误差的有源相控阵天线电性能分析

有源相控阵天线（Active Phased Array Antenna,APAA）阵面安装产生随机误差,振动冲击、热功耗等引起阵面变形,二者产生的阵面结构变形误差会导致天线电性能的下降,已成为实现高性能APAA的难点之一。将阵面变形误差作为附加的相位因子引入到天线方向图函数中,建立了平面矩形APAA阵面变形误差与电性能之间的结构-电磁耦合模型,并仿真分析了天线阵元个数变化时,阵面变形误差对天线电性能的影响规律。     

某星载SAR天线阵面的游离设计与验证

星载SAR在轨展开后天线阵面平面度影响其电性能,其中,热变形是影响阵面平面度的一个重要因素。基于某卫星大口径、长时间工作、高精度天线系统的结构设计要求,提出了天线阵面的游离设计,运用数值仿真方法分析游离设计安装时热变形对天线阵面平面度的影响,并进一步采用非接触式双相机摄影测量系统开展热变形试验。结果表明,天线阵面热变形仿真与试验数据的一致性较好,采用游离设计可有效降低天线阵面的热变形,满足卫星天线系统的结构设计要求。     

基于结构误差的六边形相控阵天线电性能分析

相控阵天线(Phased Array Antenna,PAA)阵面加工、安装中产生的随机误差导致天线电性能的下降,严重制约高性能PAA的发展.通过考虑互耦参数,且将阵面存在的结构误差作为附加的相位因子引入到天线方向图函数中,建立了平面六边形PAA阵面结构误差与天线电性能之间的结构-电磁耦合模型,并仿真分析了考虑互耦时结构误差与天线电性能的定量关系,以及天线阵元个数变化时,阵元安装精度和阵面平面度对天线电性能的影响规律,为工程设计人员帝定天线结构方案与制造公差提供了重要参考.     

雷达天线实时变形测试系统

提出了通过加速度传感器来建立雷达天线阵面工作变形的实时测量系统，该系统避免了激光测量法中基准不稳定影响测试精度，和采用位移传感器直接测量无法消除基础位移等问题，并通过试验测试验证了频域数字积分的精度，解决了测试数据通过高频汇流环进行数据实时传输等问题，为实时把握天线阵面变形对电性能的影响和改进天线阵面的结构设计提供了科学依据。     

一种X波段宽带背腔微带天线阵面设计

文章介绍了一种X波段宽带、宽扫、背腔式微带天线阵面。该天线利用背腔式口径耦合馈电的方式使单层微带板贴片单元实现了阵面中小单元间距下天线的宽带性能,并结合探针式天线单元级独立馈电的方法,实现了天线阵面的大角度扫描功能。基于项目需求,设计加工了一套8×8单元天线阵面,测试结果表明:该天线在X波段21%的相对带宽内驻波优于1.8,可在方位向实现±45°的大角度扫描,天线效率达到了80%以上,满足了项目的电性能指标要求。     

机载有源相控阵雷达天线阵面结构设计

以机载有源相控阵天线阵面为例,简要叙述了天线阵面的组成、结构框架、冷却系统模式等结构特点,并对天线阵面的主要结构部件,如阵面框架、有源线阵以及阵面后端功能部件等结构设计做了详细叙述。通过对该天线阵面进行力学仿真计算分析,验证了该天线阵面结构合理,满足机载平台环境使用要求,还根据目前正在研究的雷达技术提出了将来天线阵面结构设计方面的发展方向。     

基于数字孪生的雷达天线测量调控系统设计

文章针对基于数字孪生的雷达天线阵面测量调控需求,开发出集测量、分析、调控于一体的数字孪生系统,完成通用系统框架设计开发、系统交互逻辑设计开发、集成模块接口设计开发、数字孪生模型数据库构建、系统集成联调测试等工作,实现天线阵面变形的监控、仿真、可视化与数据存储,对于提升天线装配测量调控能力,缩短装配测量调控周期,提高天线阵面精度装配质量和电性能指标具有重要意义。     

功分器在相控阵馈电网络中的应用

介绍了功分器在大功率相控阵馈电网络中的应用,即使用一部发射机通过功分器与天线阵连接进行功率发射,相比传统的一部发射机对应连接天线阵中一副天线的馈电模式,主要有以下优点:天线阵在发射机端口有更好的阻抗特性,改善了原传统模式中由于耦合严重可能导致的个别阵中单元天线阻抗失配严重从而使发射机无法正常工作的问题;可以使天线阵中单元天线的间距有更大的调整空间,使天线阵有更好的扫描特性。     

基于Weierstrass函数的分形天线阵辐射特性分析

分形天线是分形几何和天线技术交叉的产物,分形概念用于天线阵的工程合成,有助于将等幅度面阵和随机面阵的优点结合起来,将分形的自相似特征用于随机面阵设计有助于控制旁瓣区域的天线方向图。基于维尔斯特拉斯(Weierstrass)广义函数,研究天线阵排列系数函数的连续和不可微分的特性,通过对天线阵的分形电动力学和天线阵可实现性条件的研究分析,给出天线阵合成示例,得到Weierstrass不同尺寸天线阵的辐射特性与分形因子的作用关系。指出雷达天线阵列在结构、频带、副瓣等方面需要进行改进。     

双对数周期偶极天线扇形阵的研究

论述了双对数周期偶极天线扇形阵的设计方法,利用IE3D软件对单个对数周期偶极天线(LPDA)和双对数周期偶极天线扇形阵进行了优化仿真分析,并研制了天线实物样机,同时对该天线的电性能进行了测量.测量结果表明,该双对数周期偶极天线扇形阵具有宽带、高增益、小型化等特点,进而说明该设计方法是行之有效的.     

Mutual coupling compensation in small array antennas

A technique to compensate for mutual coupling in a small array is developed and experimentally verified. Mathematically, the compensation consists of a matrix multiplication performed on the received-signal vector. This, in effect, restores the signals as received by the isolated elements in the absence of mutual coupling. This technique is most practical for digital beamforming antennas where the matrix operation can be readily implemented     

星载SAR相控阵天线一体化热设计

介绍了星载相控阵天线一体化热设计的方法,利用不同的仿真软件分析了天线热分布、结构变形等情况,通过建立热变形对天线电性能影响的仿真模型,验证热设计是否能满足电性能要求,并以电性能最优为目标实现最优的热设计。最后,针对星载SAR天线产品验证文中设计方法的工程可实现性。     

一种快速测量和诊断相控阵天线的新方法

介绍了一种测量相控阵天线的新方法——换相测量法,给出了该方法的数学模型及其基于最优配相控制的解。该方法新的特点是被测天线和探头均固定不动,仅要求对天线各单元的配相进行控制,实际上是用电扫描方法来代替传统的机械扫描的方法,能大大提高测试的效率和精度。该方法充分利用了相控阵天线本身的结构信息和特点,能大大减小相控阵天线的测量和诊断时间,对测试环境的要求也较低,因此具有很强的实用性。本文模拟了应用该方法测量和故障诊断的全过程,模拟结果表明,该方法是正确、快速有效的。     

Equivalent circuit model for a waveguide probe with application to DRA excitation

A simple equivalent circuit is used to model an arbitrarily loaded waveguide probe with emphasis on probe-excited dielectric resonator antennas. The values of the lumped inductance and capacitance are obtained via the method of moments analysis for the problem of a short-circuited probe acting as a waveguide scatterer. For problems involving the excitation of an external load, the aperture through which the probe extends to the load is modeled by a shunt capacitance, and an additional transformer is introduced to model the coupling to the load. Expressions for these circuit parameters are obtained using curve-fitting techniques and are employed to determine the lengths and positions of an array of waveguide probes used to feed external loads with feeding currents of desired relative values. The procedure is applied to synthesize waveguide-fed antenna arrays to achieve a specified radiation pattern. The scanning capabilities and the effect of the mutual coupling are studied by comparing radiation patterns obtained from the analysis of the whole array and from the pattern multiplication principle.     

Compensation of reflector antenna surface distortion using an arrayfeed

Various aspects of reflector surface distortion compensation are explored by first assuming the reflector distortion is given and then designing the compensating feed array. The sensitivity of boresight directivity to changing surface distortion parameters for fixed feed-array geometries is examined. It is found that feed array compensation is feasible only for distortions with low spatial frequency content, such as those distortions induced by thermal and gravitational effects. The optimum directivity methods for determining element excitation is found to yield slightly better values of directivity than those for the conjugate field matching (CMF) technique. However, the CFM technique has, in general, much lower sidelobe levels and lends itself to simple realization in hardware. In view of these results, distortion compensation using an array feed is concluded to be a reasonable approach to improving antenna performance for large, space-based reflector antennas that are not easily accessible for tuning and have time-dependent surface distortions     

Three-dimensional electromagnetic power deposition in tumors usinginterstitial antenna arrays

Interstitial arrays of insulated antennas have shown promise for microwave hyperthermia treatment of deep-seated tumors. Available analytical techniques for predicting the electromagnetic (EM) power deposition of these antennas have been limited to the case of a homogeneous conductive medium surrounding the array. Since tumors and host tissue may differ in their electrical characteristics, it is necessary to consider the impact of this variation in electrical properties and the geometry of the tumor in the calculation of the EM field distribution and power deposition pattern when modeling interstitial antennas. In this paper a three-dimensional model of a tumor of arbitrary shape subjected to the fields of an interstitial antenna array is developed to predict the EM power deposition in an inhomogeneous tumor-tissue medium. The volume integral equation for the imbedded tumor is developed and solved by method of moments. The incident fields are calculated based on the available formulation of interstitial antennas in homogeneous media. The accuracy of the developed computer code was checked by comparing the results from the volume integral approach with the Mie solution for the special case of spherical tumors. Good comparison was obtained for tumors with properties approximately 25 percent different from those of the surrounding tissue. Comparisons of results from models of antenna arrays with and without imbedded tumors show significant differences in their predictions of the EM power deposition in the tumor. Hyperthermia protocols generally specify uniform temperature distribution within the tumor. The developed inhomogeneous model was used to examine the feasibility of controlling the uniformity of the power deposition pattern in large tumors by adjusting the amplitude or relative phase between the array elements. Results are presented to show that a phase lead of +90 degrees or relative amplitude of 4.0 on one antenna in a square array of four antennas could be used to shift the power deposition pattern to sequentially heat outer portions of a 2 cm diameter tumor, thereby achieving a more uniform time-averaged temperature distribution in the tumor.     

相位加权阵列天线的互耦分析及补偿

采用分段正弦基函数Galerk in法计算了阵列天线的阻抗矩阵,利用互耦阻抗方程分析了相位加权阵列的幅相恶化程度,且用矩量法分析了互耦对两种相对加权阵列天线性能的影响。提出了一种互耦补偿的方法即网络分析法,仿真结果表明了这种补偿方法的正确性和有效性。