铈锆氧化物固溶体前驱物热分解动力学的研究

采用固相法制备了纳米级铈锆氧化物固溶体,对铈锆氧化物固溶体前驱物热分解动力学进行了研究。利用热重、差热分析等方法推测了前驱物的热分解机制。用Kissinger法计算前驱体的热分解活化能,Ea=137.80 kJ.mol^-1。通过Coats-Redfern法,采用不同的固相动力学反应机制研究前驱体的热分解动力学,确定其机制函数为：G（a）=[-ln（1-a）]1/2,判断前驱体热分解反应为随机成核-随后生长机制。     

机械力固相化学反应法制备纳米氧化铈粉末

以混合稀土为原料,采用机械力固相化学反应首先制备出前驱体,用DTA-TG分析前驱体的热分解温度,然后将前驱物热分解2.5h,得到二氧化铈粉体,用XRD、SEM和TEM进行表征。结果表明获得了平均粒径在小于100nm、分布均匀的纳米CeO3。     

包头矿稀土催化剂焙烧反应动力学研究

用包头稀土矿中相对过剩的不经过分离镧、铈、镨轻稀土与锆的混合物为研究对象,制备(LaCePr)0.6Zr0.4O2稀土催化剂的前驱体.前驱体焙烧后会放出气体,所以用TG和DTG(热重法和微商热重法)研究了其热分解过程,分析了热分解反应的动力学行为,采用微分法计算了其热分解过程所符合的动力学模型,用多种积分方法和非等温线性拟合法对计算结果进行了验证.结果表明,(LaCePr)0.6Zr0.4O2前驱体的热分解反应温度较低,在200℃～300℃之间,热分解过程符合三维扩散,球形对称Jander方程模型.     

氯化钠在直接热分解醋酸铈制备球形超细氧化铈粉末过程中的作用

采用醋酸与碳酸铈反应获得醋酸铈前驱体,通过直接热分解制备氧化铈粉末,运用XRD、SEM、粒度测试仪和表面电位微电泳仪等表征手段,探讨氯化钠加入到醋酸铈前驱体中对氧化铈粉末形貌和粒度大小的影响.研究结果表明,氯化钠能促进氧化铈的晶化,而且煅烧温度对氧化铈的形貌和粒度大小有重要影响.当煅烧温度从600℃升高到1000℃,所得氧化铈粉末的中位粒径(D50)先增加后下降然后又增加,其中在800℃发生转折,其CeO2粉末的D50为1.57μm,粒子形貌为球状而且大小均匀,晶粒间只存在轻度团聚;当煅烧温度高于800℃,熔融氯化钠加速晶粒长大,粉末粒度增加较明显;而无氯化钠参与的醋酸铈前驱体在800℃热分解得到的CeO2粉末形貌各异而且大小不均匀,存在明显的局部烧结长大和粒子团聚现象,其D50为1.75μm.运用盐助机理模型对氯化钠在直接热分解醋酸铈前驱体制备氧化铈过程中的作用进行探讨.     

大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体热分解研究

用XRD研究了前驱体和不同灼烧温度下产物的物相,用SEM研究了最佳灼烧条件所得产物的形貌,用TG-DSC法研究了大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体的热分解过程.采用Freeman-Carroll法研究了大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体的热分解动力学行为.同时用Satava法进行了反应机理推断,草酸铈的分解反应分两阶段进行,第一阶段反应的E=68.6kJ·mol-1,第二阶段反应E=377.725kJ·mol-1,反应速率常数分别是K398K=2.576×10-4,K588K=5.264×10-2.     

低温固相反应法制备铈酸镧粉体及其烧结性能研究

以六水合硝酸镧和六水合硝酸铈为原料,一水合柠檬酸为络合剂,通过低温固相反应法制备铈酸镧前驱体,经不同温度煅烧制备铈酸镧粉体。利用红外光谱和综合热分析研究前驱体的结构和热分解过程,并通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜观察、透射电子显微镜分析和体积密度测试等手段对不同煅烧温度合成的粉体物相、形貌及烧结性能进行表征。结果表明:当煅烧温度达到600 ℃时,前驱体开始生成铈酸镧晶体,且随着煅烧温度的提高,晶体发育不断完善,晶粒逐渐长大。经800 ℃煅烧可获得单相的铈酸镧粉体,再经1600 ℃烧结,试样的相对密度达到95.5%。     

用喷雾反应法制备实心球形氧化铈超细粉末

针对喷雾热分解法制备的粉体含有个别空心粒子和破裂球壳,本文采用喷雾反应法获得了实心球形氧化铈。此方法在传统的喷雾热分解基础上引入水蒸气来提高液滴温度并延缓液滴的蒸发,同时在前驱体中引入草酸二甲酯为水解剂。随着液滴温度的不断增高,草酸二甲酯水解为草酸并与铈离子发生沉淀反应,从而在液滴内形成体相成核。此时的液滴经干燥、煅烧最后获得实心球形氧化铈超细粉末。     

氧化铈超微粉前驱体的制备与表征

采用萃取分离生产线取得的氯化铈料液为铈源,碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂利用转形工艺合成氧化铈前驱体,最后前驱体通过烘干和焙烧制备了超微氧化铈粉。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和粒度分析仪研究了不同的碳酸氢铵与铈离子物质的量之比(料比)对超微粉前驱体的液计回收率、粒度(D50)和粒度分布的影响,结果表明:得到的前驱体为碱式碳酸铈,其粒度(D50)小于3μm;当料比由2.6:1逐渐增加到3.5:1时,氧化铈超微粉前驱体的液计回收率逐渐上升,而其粒度与粒度分布均有先减小后增大的特征,且当料比为3:1时粒度分布最佳,分布系数为0.739,此时液计回收率为98.31%,D50为1.790μm,对应的超微氧化铈粉粒径均匀,为0.1~0.3μm。     

草酸盐湿式沉淀-煅烧分解法制备四氧化三钴及其表征

以氯化钴、草酸铵为原料,吐温80(Tween-80)为表面活性剂,通过湿式沉淀法合成氧化钴的前驱体,再通过热分解制备四氧化三钴。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、热分析仪分析了钴氧化物前驱体和钴氧化物的形貌、晶体结构和热分解等特征。结果表明:以草酸盐为沉淀剂制得的钴氧化物前驱体为CoC_2O_4·2H_2O,前驱体于600℃煅烧4 h后可得到较纯的四氧化三钴粉末,并且基本保持了前驱体原来的形貌,仍为针(棒)状,粒子边缘变得光滑。     

室温球磨固相化学反应法制备纳米氧化钇

以草酸为配体,在机械力作用下,与硝酸钇进行室温固相化学反应,制得草酸钇前驱体,然后进行DTA-TG分析,确定前驱体的热分解温度,在热分解温度下保温两小时后制得纳米氧化钇粉体,用XRD物相分析、SEM、紫外光谱对粉体进行形貌观测和表征。结果表明获得的粉体粒度分布均匀,达到纳米尺寸,并对紫外光有较强的散射和反射作用,对紫外线屏蔽效率高。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.