风味番茄饮料加工工艺的研究

以番茄为原料，针对提高番茄出汁率、饮料稳定性、饮料风味的保持工艺进行了研究。结果发现，对番茄热破碎，经0．8‰果胶酶处理可提高出汁率（74．5％）。通过正交试验获得番茄饮料最佳配方为CMC—Na0．05％，琼脂0．05％，黄原胶0．03％，白砂糖4.0％，蜂蜜2．0％，柠檬酸0.5％，番茄果浆90％。     

树莓清汁饮料的研制及色泽稳定性研究

对树莓清汁饮料的加工技术及色泽稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,果胶酶可以明显提高树莓的出汁率,最佳酶处理条件为果胶酶用量0.4%,温度50℃,时间3 h。采用先在5℃的冰箱中自然沉降12 h、再添加0.05%的果胶酶、最后4 000 r/min离心5 min的综合处理,可使树莓汁澄清透亮。食品添加剂如蔗糖、柠檬酸、V_C对树莓汁色泽的稳定没有影响,而金属离子Al~(3+)、Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+),Fe~(2+)对树莓汁的色泽稳定性有一定影响。将树莓汁的糖酸比调至9:1时饮料酸甜度适宜,且能保持树莓原有风味。     

仙人掌橙汁复合饮料加工工艺的研究

以"米邦塔"仙人掌茎和橙汁为试材,进行淀粉酶和果胶酶处理提高仙人掌出汁率、仙人掌草腥味掩盖、仙人掌橙汁复合饮料稳定性和杀菌实验,探讨仙人掌橙汁复合饮料的加工工艺.结果表明:淀粉酶和果胶酶处理对混浊仙人掌汁出汁率的影响不明显;β-环状糊精对仙人掌的草腥味的掩盖无效果,而添加2倍于仙人掌汁的橙汁可以掩盖大部分的仙人掌草腥味;仙人掌橙汁复合饮料的稳定剂组合为0.20%CMC 0.20%海藻酸钠时其稳定性和口感最好;90℃维持2min杀菌,趁热灌装,常温下保质期达6个月以上.     

响应曲面法优化番茄汁加工工艺

为优化番茄汁加工工艺,以出汁率为指标,在单因素实验基础上,进行响应面实验分析得到最佳工艺参数为:纤维素酶添加量0.08%,酶解时间79min,酶解pH4.0,酶解温度54℃,此时番茄出汁率为90.08%。同时建立了番茄出汁率的二次数学模型,对出汁率具有很好的预测作用。     

胡萝卜、番茄、黄瓜和西芹制汁过程中酶解工艺的优化

目的:优化胡萝卜、番茄、黄瓜和西芹这四种蔬菜制汁的酶解工艺。方法:榨汁过程中分别添加果胶酶或纤维素酶对蔬菜汁进行酶解处理,以出汁率和浊度为指标对酶解条件(酶解时间、酶添加量、酶解温度)进行单因素分析和正交实验优化。结果:四种蔬菜汁的最佳酶解工艺条件为:胡萝卜汁酶解时间60 min,果胶酶添加量0.4%,酶解温度40 ℃,在此条件下出汁率达到84.7%,浊度为54.3 NTU;番茄汁酶解时间40 min,果胶酶添加量0.2%,酶解温度40 ℃,在此条件下出汁率达到95.1%,浊度为36.3 NTU;黄瓜汁酶解时间60 min,果胶酶添加量0.5%,酶解温度40 ℃,在此条件下出汁率达到93.2%,浊度为60.7 NTU;西芹汁酶解时间60 min,纤维素酶添加量0.4%,酶解温度40 ℃,在此条件下出汁率达到92.1%,浊度为33.3 NTU。结论:在最佳酶解工艺条件下制得的蔬菜汁色泽清亮、甘甜爽口,具有一定的开发价值,可用于制备复合果蔬或蔬菜饮料的原料。     

酶法洗渣提高橙汁得率

研究酶法洗渣提高橙汁得率的新工艺。确定了酶法处理橙渣的工艺条件为:加酶量0.01%、渣水比1∶1、酶解温度45℃、酶解时间50min。实验证明,采用此法生产的橙汁能够明显提高出汁率和改善橙汁的产品质量,从而生产出具有良好的混浊稳定性、口味宜人、鲜艳色泽的橙汁。     

中温a-淀粉酶制剂对银杏出汁率影响的研究

提高出汁率是银杏饮料加工过程核心技术之一,处理不好直接影响原料利用率和产品品质。本研究以银杏为原料,首先优化出了中温a-淀粉酶提高银杏出汁率的最佳工艺参数,考查了蒸煮时间、糊化温度、糊化时间、酶用量、酶解温度和酶解时间对出汁率的影响;然后将其与未经中温a-淀粉酶处理的银杏相比进行了对比。实验结果表明:中温a-淀粉酶的最佳工艺参数为蒸煮时间10min、糊化温度70℃、糊化时间20min、酶用量1%、酶解温度70℃和酶解时间90min,此时出汁率为80.54%;与未经中温a-淀粉酶处理的银杏相比,出汁率提高39.03%。表明此法可提高银杏出汁率、缩短榨汁时间。     

果胶酶提高番茄出汁率的工艺研究

通过单因素和正交试验确定果胶酶提高番茄出汁率的最佳工艺条件,结果表明,果胶酶的添加量为0．18％,酶解时间为90min,酶解温度为50℃时番茄的出汁率最高,为75．5％,与未经果胶酶处理的番茄相比,出汁率可以提高19．7％。     

超声波协同果胶酶提高胡萝卜出汁率的研究

提高出汁率是胡萝卜饮料加工过程核心技术之一,处理不好直接影响原料利用率和产品品质。以胡萝卜为原料,首先优化考查超声功率、超声时间、果胶酶用量、酶解温度和酶解时间对出汁率的影响,然后在此基础上采用Box-Behnken试验设计与分析优化超声波协同果胶酶提高胡萝卜出汁率的工艺参数。试验结果表明:超声波协同果胶酶提高胡萝卜出汁率的最佳工艺参数为超声功率200 W、超声时间31.25 min、果胶酶用量0.043%、酶解温度49.2℃和酶解时间2.5 h,此时出汁率达最大值53.01%。     

超声波协同果胶酶提高草莓出汁率的研究

提高出汁率是草莓饮料加工过程核心技术之一,处理不好直接影响原料利用率和产品品质。以草莓为原料,首先优化考查超声功率、超声时间、果胶酶用量、酶解温度和酶解时间对出汁率的影响,然后在此基础上采用Box-Behnken试验设计与分析优化超声波协同果胶酶提高草莓出汁率的工艺参数。结果表明,超声波协同果胶酶提高草莓出汁率的最佳工艺参数为:超声功率200 W、超声时间21.3 min、果胶酶用量0.06%、酶解温度50.4℃和酶解时间1.83 h,此时出汁率达最大值88.07%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press