4Cr5MoSiV1热作模具钢700 ℃的低周疲劳行为

采用轴向应变幅控制的低周疲劳试验研究了总应变幅对4Cr5MoSiV1热作模具钢700 ℃低周疲劳行为的影响,包括循环应力响应行为、循环应力应变行为、循环迟滞回线和应变疲劳寿命行为等。结果表明:随着总应变幅从0.2%增大到0.6%,4Cr5MoSiV1钢在700 ℃时循环应力响应均表现为先循环硬化再循环软化的特性,并且应力幅最大值从220 MPa增大到308 MPa。同时,随着总应变幅的增大,4Cr5MoSiV1钢在700 ℃下的低周疲劳寿命由6750循环周次降低到210循环周次,且其过渡寿命约为1313循环周次。疲劳断口形貌分析结果显示,高温低周疲劳过程中裂纹主要萌生于试样表面处,且随着应变幅增大,裂纹源逐渐增多,疲劳条纹间距变宽,其断裂方式由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。透射电镜分析结果显示,循环软化可能与板条结构转变为胞状结构、基体发生位错湮灭、碳化物的析出和粗化有关。      

GH33A合金热机械循环塑性性能

针对GH33A高温合金材料在温度与机械应变同时交变条件下的热机械循环塑性性能,就相位差对该材料在热机械循环状态下的循环硬化、循环软化和疲劳寿命的影响进行分析和讨论.结果表明:相位差影响材料的循环硬化与软化;在570~825℃的温度交变条件下,同相热机械疲劳寿命比反相热机械疲劳寿命短。     

应变幅对H13热作模具钢等温疲劳行为的影响

对H13热作模具钢试样进行600 ℃等温疲劳实验，通过显微维氏硬度计、金相显微镜（OM）、超景深显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等设备研究了0.7%，0.9%和1.1%三种不同应变幅对疲劳行为的影响。结果表明:应力应变滞后回线呈现对称性，应变幅越大，滞回环面积越大。H13钢在实验中呈现循环软化的特征，应变幅越大，疲劳寿命越短，1.1%应变幅试样寿命约为0.7%应变幅试样的61.2%。应变幅的增加对裂纹萌生和扩展起促进作用，1.1%应变幅试样裂纹扩展最明显。高温非真空实验条件下，材料表面产生的氧化物也会促进裂纹扩展。疲劳后试样微观组织发生明显的长大和粗化，较大应变幅对碳化物析出有更大的助力，还会加速材料软化。有应变幅试样显微硬度远低于无应变幅试样。      

TC4ELI钛合金低周疲劳性能研究

研究了具有网篮组织的TC4ELI钛合金材料在不同应变幅值下的低周疲劳性能,给出了TC4ELI钛合金在低周疲劳下的循环应力-应变曲线,拟合出循环应变硬化指数、循环强度系数以及应变-寿命特征系数,并通过光学显微镜进行金相分析,通过扫描电镜进行断口形貌分析。结果表明,TC4ELI钛合金呈现出循环软化的特性;距离疲劳断口1.5 mm处的组织形态与断口处无明显变化,疲劳裂纹以穿晶方式扩展直至断裂;随着应变幅值增大,韧窝变大变深,韧性断裂特征变得更加显著。     

10CrNiMo高强钢的低周疲劳特性

采用圆形横截面光滑试样,通过轴向不同应变幅控制的低周疲劳试验,研究了10CrNiMo高强钢的低周疲劳特性,包括循环应力-应变行为、应变-寿命特点、循环应力响应及其力学滞后现象,给出了相应的疲劳参数、循环软硬化特性及应变滞后规律.对裂纹扩展方向及试样疲劳断口的观察表明:裂纹扩展面与轴向力呈现多角度关系,裂纹萌生于试样表面,沿断口周边分布,且具有多源性;疲劳裂纹主要以锐化——钝化机制扩展.     

高强度热轧双相钢的低周疲劳性能

从热轧双相钢的实际应用需求出发,研究了高强度热轧双相钢DP600的低周疲劳性能。采用轴向应变控制方法对DP600钢进行了低周疲劳试验,并对试验数据进行拟合计算,得到DP600钢的循环应力-应变曲线、应变-寿命曲线和过渡疲劳寿命。通过扫描电镜观察疲劳断口,结果显示低周疲劳条件下,DP600钢断裂裂纹起源于试样表面,裂纹扩展前期呈现部分脆性断裂特征,后期则以明显的韧性断裂为主。     

一种新型的低周疲劳裂纹扩展速率模型

基于低周疲劳裂纹扩展机制,假设裂纹尖端循环塑性区内应变分布服从HRR理论解,利用裂纹尖端锐化、钝化启裂低周疲劳裂纹扩展机制,结合Ramberg-Osgood循环应力应变曲线和Manson-Coffin疲劳寿命曲线等断裂力学理论,推导出一种新的低周疲劳裂纹扩展速率数学模型.与30Cr1Mo1V和St-4340的低周疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验数据进行对比,结果表明该低周疲劳裂纹扩展速率模型能够较好地预测材料的低周疲劳裂纹扩展速率.     

16MnR 钢的高应变超低周疲劳性能

从压力容器的实际工况和抗震安全性设计出发,研究了压力容器用钢16MnR 钢的高应变超低周疲劳性能。采用横向应变控制方法,在 MTS809拉扭复合疲劳试验机上测定了试验钢应变疲劳过程中的循环应力响应特征及循环应力与应变的关系等超低周疲劳行为;通过拟合 Basquin 公式和 Coffin-Manson 公式,获得了试验钢的高应变超低周疲劳寿命预测公式。断口扫描发现,超低周疲劳下,多处裂纹萌生于试件表面,然后裂纹共同向内扩展,直到最后快速断裂。     

Z3CN20—09M铸造奥氏体不锈钢的低周疲劳行为

采用径向应变控制研究了Z3CN20-09M奥氏体不锈钢在室温和350℃高温下的低周疲劳行为.Z3CN20-09M不锈钢表现为先硬化后软化的循环特性,但硬化的程度取决于温度和应变幅.随着应变幅的增加,Z3CN20-09M钢的低周疲劳循环寿命逐渐减短,而相同循环次数下应力幅也随之提高.温度对Z3CN20-09M钢的低周疲劳行为影响较大,与室温相比高温下的循环硬化程度更高,相同应变幅下高温的低周疲劳寿命也高于常温下的寿命.通过疲劳实验的原位观察发现,奥氏体内的滑移面、夹杂物及奥氏体和铁素体两相的界面是疲劳裂纹可能的形核位置,奥氏体和铁素体两相的不协调变形使相界处产生应力集中,导致疲劳裂纹容易沿两相界面扩展.     

一种工程机械用钢Q690疲劳性能研究

文章研究在对称应变控制条件下690 MPa级别低合金高强钢的疲劳性能,采用岛津疲劳试验机进行疲劳实验,采用扫描电镜等设备对疲劳试样断口进行断口形貌分析.研究结果表明:低周疲劳实验中,随着循环应力的增加,循环周次逐渐减少.在小应变振幅条件下,试样出现明显加工硬化和软化现象;在大应变振幅条件下,试样并未发生加工硬化现象,只...     

Thermomechanical Fatigue Behavior of Powder Metallurgical Nickel Based Superalloy FGH96

The fracture behavior of the thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) of the powder metallurgical nickel based superalloy FGH96 was investigated under in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) loadings in the temperature range from 550℃ to 720℃ and the mechanical strain amplitude range from 0. 3% to 0. 8%. The results show that the FGH96 TMF fracture character is intergranular for the IP samples and transgranular cleavage-like for the OP samples, at the same strain amplitude, the fatigue life is shorter for the IP than that for the OP samples that is related to crack propagation along grain boundary on the IP samples, the γ' size is larger in the IP than that in the OP sample, which is related to the bulk diffusion processes accelerated by the tensile strain during the high temperature portion of the IP cycle. Dislocation pairs and stacking faults are main microstructures induced by IP TMF, and they are hindered by the grain boundary, which likely resulted in the crack propagation along the grain boundary in the IP samples.     

Thermomechanical Fatigue Behavior of Powder Metallurgical Nickel Base Superalloy FGH96

 The fracture behavior in the thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) of the Nickel-base Powder Metallurgy Superalloy FGH96 was investigated under in-phase (IP) and out-of –phase (OP) loadings at the temperature range from 550℃ to 720℃ and mechanical strain amplitude range from 0.3% to 0.8％. The results show that the FGH96 TMF fracture character is intergranular on the IP samples and transgranular cleavage on the OP samples, at the same strain amplitude, the fatigue life is shorter for the IP than that for the OP samples that is related to crack propagation along grain boundary on the IP samples, the γ′ size is larger in the IP than that in the OP sample, which is related to the bulk diffusion processes accelerated by the tensile strain during the high temperature portion of the IP cycle. Dislocation pairs and stacking faults are main microstructures induced by IP TMF, and they are hindered by the grain boundary, which likely resulted in the crack propagation along the grain boundary in the IP samples.     

Cyclic deformation behavior and microstructures of hydrided ZIRCALOY-4 under biaxial loading

Biaxial fatigue behavior of hydrided ZIRCALOY-4 (Zr-4) in the as-cold-worked (CW) and recrystallized (RZ) conditions under in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) cyclic loading was investigated. The CW Zr-4 showed cyclic softening followed by a saturation stage during biaxial cyclic loading. Additional cyclic softening was displayed in CW Zr-4 under OP loading with the phase lag of 30 and 60 deg. The additional softening level decreased as the phase lag increased. On the other hand, RZ Zr-4 showed cyclic hardening followed by a saturation stage, and additional cyclic hardening was obtained under OP loading. The additional hardening arose as the phase lag increased. Observation of the fracture surface showed that the biaxial fatigue failure of the CW Zr-4 under OP loading was controlled by crack initiation and propagation through the hydrides, while the nucleation and coalescence of microvoids were dominant in the failure of CW Zr-4 under IP loading and RZ Zr-4 under both IP and OP loading. The typical deformation substructure in CW Zr-4 specimens was composed of dislocation tangles together with parallel dislocation lines under IP and OP loading. Whereas the parallel dislocation lines were formed by prismatic slip for RZ Zr-4 under IP loading and OP loading with the lower phase lag, they developed into dislocation networks, loops, and debris as the phase lag increased under OP loading. The additional cyclic softening for CW Zr-4 was due to the relief of the anisotropic hardening mechanisms when the loading mode changed from IP to OP. The additional cyclic hardening of RZ Zr-4 under OP loading is attributed to an increase in the interaction between the primary dislocations and other dislocations from different slip systems.     

HRB400 �󼶿���ֽ�ĵ���ƣ������

Low cycle fatigue properties of anti-seismic HRB400 grade III reinforcing steel bar were investigated. The fatigue tests were conducted on Shimadzu servo-hydraulic testing machine. The tests were run under uniaxial tension-compression loading with total strain control. The cyclic stress response characteristics and relationship between cyclic stress and strain of the steel were measured. The strain-life data from the axial tests were used to derive suitable Coffin-Manson parameters for the test material. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs reveal that the fatigue cracks initiate from the surfaces of samples. Due to the propagation and connection of the micro-cracks, macro-cracks form and fracture occurs eventually.     

Oxidation and Thermal Fatigue Behaviors of Two Type Hot Work Steels During Thermal Cycling

Thermal fatigue test has been carried out on widely used hot work steel 4Cr5MoSiVl and a low alloyed steel 3Cr3MoV in temperature range of 200 to 700 °C. Tempering resistance, as well as high temperature hardness/strength of steel specimens, works as a dominating material parameter on thermal fatigue resistance. During the heating period, high hardness can depress the inelastic deformation. This deformation is the origination of tensile stress, which acts as the driving force of heat checking during the cooling period. The cyclic strain-oxidation interaction can speed up the damage on surface defects, which plays an obvious role in initiation of thermal cracks. On 4Cr5MoSiVl steel specimens, borders between the matrix and inclusions such as titanium compounds, or lager carbides such as primary carbides, are focused by strain and attacked by oxidation, and are main initiating places of cracks. While on 3Cr3MoV steel specimens, larger strain causes plastic deformation concentrating around grain boundaries. Then the following oxidation accelerates this grain boundary damage and creates cracks.     

GH4169合金高温多轴非比例加载下疲劳断口特征

研究了总应变控制下比例加载和不同相位差(45°和90°)的非比例加载条件下GH4169镍基高温合金650℃双轴疲劳的断口特性.结果表明,比例加载时,裂纹在试样表面均匀萌生;随非比例度提高,裂纹萌生的数量明显减少.比例加载的断口表面有明显的撕裂条带,且沿径向扩展;而非比例加载时这些撕裂条带减少,相应地撕裂面增多,在相位差为90°时断口表面完全为撕裂面,且沿圆周方向扩展.在两裂纹扩展的交界处,发现有疲劳条纹,沿径向分布.在瞬间断裂区,随着非比例度的增加,韧窝逐渐加深,且撕裂面逐渐加大.