硫脲/硫氰酸钾复合缓蚀剂对20碳钢的缓蚀性能研究

借助静态腐蚀失重法研究了硫脲/硫氰酸钾缓蚀剂的最佳配方及在5%盐酸、5%硫酸、5%硝酸中对20碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,在5%盐酸中,只需加入0.2%的复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=7∶3),20碳钢材质的缓蚀率可以达到85.1%;在5%硫酸介质中,缓蚀率在复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=5∶5)为0.2%时达到最大,为87.3%;在5%硝酸溶液中,当复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=7∶3)的加入量为0.15%时,20碳钢的缓蚀率可达到99%。     

硫脲/硫氰酸钾复合缓蚀剂对20碳钢的缓蚀性能研究

借助静态腐蚀失重法研究了硫脲/硫氰酸钾缓蚀剂的最佳配方及在5%盐酸、5%硫酸、5%硝酸中对20碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,在5%盐酸中,只需加入0.2%的复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=7∶3),20碳钢材质的缓蚀率可以达到85.1%;在5%硫酸介质中,缓蚀率在复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=5∶5)为0.2%时达到最大,为87.3%;在5%硝酸溶液中,当复合缓蚀剂(硫脲∶硫氰酸钾=7∶3)的加入量为0.15%时,20碳钢的缓蚀率可达到99%。     

环保型生化黄腐酸复合融雪剂的研究

以生化黄腐酸(BFA)为主要成分制备环保型BFA复合融雪剂。通过融冰性能和冰点考察,筛选获得了BFA钙盐复合物和BFA硝酸铵复合物,配方分别为:m(BAF)∶m(醋酸钙)∶m(氯化钙)=1∶0.7∶1.3和m(BAF)∶m(硝酸铵)=1∶0.8。2种BFA复合物对碳钢腐蚀性和对植物种子相对受害率均符合融雪剂北京市地方标准。总之,BFA融雪剂不仅环境友好,还有益于植物的营养吸收。     

环保型生化黄腐酸复合融雪剂的研究

<正>以生化黄腐酸(BFA)为主要成分制备环保型BFA复合融雪剂。通过对融冰性能和冰点的考察,筛选获得了BFA钙盐复合物和BFA硝酸铵复合物,配方分别为:m(BAF)∶m(醋酸钙)∶m(氯化钙)=1∶0.7∶1.3和m(BAF)∶m(硝酸铵)=1∶0.8。2种BFA复合物对碳钢腐蚀性和对植物种子相对受害率均符合融雪剂北京市地方标准。总之,BFA融雪剂不仅环境友好,还有益于植物的营养吸收。     

络合铁液相催化脱硫化氢工艺中高效缓蚀剂的研究

针对络合铁脱硫溶液对碳钢腐蚀严重,通过静态实验对无机缓蚀剂、有机缓蚀剂以及无机-有机复配缓蚀剂进行缓蚀性能考察,并通过超重力络合铁脱硫中试装置动态考察了复配缓蚀剂对脱硫化氢的影响及缓蚀性能。实验结果表明:硝酸钠、磷酸钾、硫酸锌、铬酸钾和亚硝酸钠五种无机缓蚀剂中,亚硝酸钠缓蚀效果较好,缓蚀率为97.78%;咪唑啉类型YQ-1、DA-1、DA-2、ZH-1和ZH-2有机缓蚀剂中,ZH-2缓蚀效果较好,缓蚀率为80.21%;将无机和有机缓蚀剂进行复配,其中亚硝酸钠∶ZH-2=2∶1(质量比)的缓蚀效果最好,其缓蚀率可达98%以上;在动态实验中,添加复配缓蚀剂1.5×10-3,可获得稳定的硫化氢脱除率接近100%,且缓蚀效果可达95.00%以上。     

国内融雪剂标准研究

阐述了融雪剂、用途、机制及国内外融雪剂现状,对国内融雪剂的国家标准、行业标准及各省市地方标准中技术指标重点进行了对比分析。提出了健全融雪剂标准,规范融雪剂的生产管理和检测方法,提高融雪剂产品质量,解决融雪剂污染环境、破坏植被和对碳钢腐蚀的不良影响。     

高效复合型氯盐融雪剂的制备研究

以氯化钙、氯化镁为主要原料,同时添加缓蚀剂,自制高效复合型融雪剂。以融雪剂的融雪能力、pH值和腐蚀性为评价指标,通过考察反应温度、物料配比等因素,确定了复合型融雪剂制备的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,自制复合型融雪剂的最佳制备温度为60℃;最佳物料配比为氯化钙∶氯化镁∶苯甲酸钠=10∶5∶1,其融雪能力比氯化钠型融雪剂的融雪能力高12.75%;不同浓度的融雪剂pH值均满足《道路除冰融雪剂标准》（GB/T23851-2009）的规定;对铁钉的腐蚀能力是：氯化钠〉市售融雪剂〉氯化钙〉自制融雪剂。     

醋酸废液资源化综合回收利用合成有机盐融雪剂的技术研究

针对当前醋酸合成过程中废液处理现状,提出了一种采用醋酸废液直接合成有机融雪剂的利用途径。以醋酸废液为主要原料分别制备了A、B、C三种有机融雪剂,并将三种融雪剂进行了复配得到复合型有机融雪剂,采用正交实验对复合型有机融雪剂的配方进行了优化,筛选出了较优的复合型融雪剂配比;最后分别考察了缓蚀剂和丙二醇对复合型融雪剂性能的影响。结果表明:以醋酸废液为主要原料直接合成融雪剂的思路是可行的,A、B、C三种融雪剂均有一定的融雪能力,将A、B、C三种有机融雪剂以适当比例进行复配后的融雪性能优于单一融雪剂,三种融雪剂较佳的配比为A∶B∶C=2∶3∶2;此外,缓蚀剂的添加能够改善融雪剂防腐蚀性能,其中磷酸二氢钠性能较显著,而丙二醇的添加能够改善复合融雪剂的融雪能力。     

钼酸钠复合缓蚀剂对碳钢缓蚀性研究

制备了钼酸钠复合缓蚀剂。利用静态失重法测定了其在盐酸介质中碳钢的缓蚀腐蚀速度和缓蚀效率 ,研究了碳钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀动力学特征。结果表明 ,钼酸钠复合缓蚀剂对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀能力 ,缓蚀率为 95% ,且随温度升高而增大。     

环境友好型无磷无氮缓蚀剂性能研究

以磺酸基环氧琥珀酸聚合物、葡萄糖酸钠、聚环氧琥珀酸和硫酸锌为组分,进行复合配制,通过静态挂片和动态挂片实验法,筛选了复合缓蚀剂配方,并对其生物降解性能进行了评定。采用电化学法和对腐蚀试片的表面结构进行表征,分析了复合缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。结果表明,药剂浓度按照50 mg/L ESA/IA/SMAS+100 mg/L PTT+50mg/L PESA+5 mg/L Zn²⁺投加测得的缓蚀率可达95.61%,腐蚀率为0.014 26 mm/a,生物降解率达88.19%。复合药剂可以在碳钢表面形成致密的保护膜,属于混合型缓蚀剂。该4组分复合配方缓蚀剂无磷无氮,是一种高性能的绿色缓蚀剂。     

Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel under two‐phase flow (water‐petroleum) simulated by turbulently agitated system

The corrosion of carbon steel in single‐phase (water with 0.1N NaCl) and two immiscible phases (kerosene‐water) using turbulently agitated system was investigated. The experiments were carried out for Reynolds number (Re) range of 38 000 to 95 000 using circular disc turbine agitator at 40°C. In two‐phase system, test runs were carried out in aqueous phase (water) concentrations of 1% vol, 5% vol, 8% vol, and 16.4% vol mixed with kerosene at various Re. The effect of Re, percent of dispersed phase, dispersed droplet diameter, and number of droplets per unit volume on the corrosion rate were investigated and discussed. Test runs were carried out using two types of inhibitors: sodium nitrite of concentrations 20, 40, and 60 ppm and sodium hexapolyphosphate of concentrations 485, 970, and 1940 ppm in a solution containing 8% vol aqueous phase (water) mixed with kerosene (continuous phase) at 40°C for the whole range of Re. It was found that increasing Re increased the corrosion rate and the presence of water enhanced the corrosion rate by increasing the solution electrical conductivity. For two‐phase solution containing 8% vol and 16% vol of water, the corrosion rate was higher than single phase (100% vol water). The main parameters that play the major role in determining the corrosion rate in two phases were concentration of oxygen, solution electrical conductivity, and the interfacial area between the two phases (dispersed and continuous). Sodium nitrite and sodium hexapolyphosphate were found to be efficient inhibitors in two‐phase solution for the investigated range of Re.     

吗啉类齐聚型气相防锈剂的制备及防锈效果

以吗啉、尿素、甲醛为原料 ,质量分数 95 %的乙醇为溶剂 ,在回流状态下制备了吗啉齐聚物 ,收率为 95 % (以吗啉计 )。通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱分析确认了吗啉齐聚物的结构。研究开发了以吗啉齐聚物为主要成分的气相防锈剂HA - 2 ,采用静态粉末实验、气相缓蚀能力实验、密闭空间挥发减量实验、封存实验等方法 ,评价了HA - 2的气相防锈性能 ,结果表明它对A3钢、铜、铝等有色金属均有较好的保护作用 ,对A3钢的腐蚀率为 0 0 2 6 1mm a,优于目前使用的亚硝酸二环己胺     

改性木素磺酸盐GCL2-D1缓蚀阻垢性能研究

采用旋转挂片失重法、电化学极化法以及鼓泡法综合评价了改性木素磺酸盐GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢性能。结果表明,GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢性能比未改性的木素磺酸盐均有大幅度提高。当质量浓度为50mg·L-1时,GCL2-D1对20#碳钢的缓蚀率可达95%;当质量浓度大于8mg·L-1时,GCL2-D1的阻垢率大于95%。通过对比发现,GCL2-D1的缓蚀和阻垢性能比有机膦缓蚀阻垢剂HEDP好。文中还初步探讨了GCL2-D1的缓蚀阻垢作用机理,GCL2-D1属于混合型缓蚀剂,主要通过在金属表面吸附成膜实现缓蚀作用,其阻垢机理包括络合增溶、分散作用和晶格畸变。     

Role of alkaline nitrites in the corrosion performance of steel in composite cements

The influence of alkaline nitrites on the inhibition of corrosion of steel in binary and ternary cement environments was tested. pH measurements carried out for binary and ternary cement extracts showed that the alkalinity of the cement was not affected by making use of binary and ternary cements. Gravimetric measurements showed that the decrease in the corrosion rate of steel in different systems follows the order: Ternary > (OPC + PSC) > (OPC + PPC) > (PPC + PSC). Potential–time studies indicated that the ability to maintain the passivity of steel in different systems also follows the order as above. Potentiodynamic polarisation studies for steel in binary and ternary cement environments showed the favourable influence of the presence of higher amounts of chlorides. Nitrites of sodium, potassium and calcium act as anodic inhibitors and they compete with chloride ions for the ferrous ions at the steel to form a film of ferric oxide. An efficiency as high as 91% is obtained for the ternary system containing 1% chloride and 0.5% nitrite. The degree of surface coverage showed a maximum value for the ternary system (>0.9) even in the presence of a higher amount of chloride thereby indicating the better performance of the system.     

Impedance study on calcium nitrite as a penetrating corrosion inhibitor for steel in concrete

Penetrating corrosion inhibitors are thought to be able to penetrate through the capillary structure of concrete to reinforcing steel and to reduce the already initiated corrosion of steel. In this work the ability of calcium nitrite to inhibit the chloride induced corrosion of steel was studied. The test protocol was adjusted to simulate the performance of penetrating corrosion inhibitors in concrete structures. Steel samples were first prepassivated in saturated solution of Ca(OH)₂ and then exposed to the same solution with 1% NaCl addition, simulating pore liquid in chloride contaminated concrete. After the initiation of steel corrosion, the first dose of calcium nitrite was added, and then its concentration was gradually increased and the inhibition effect was related to the molar ratio of chloride to nitrite ions [Cl⁻]/[NO₂⁻]. Different rates of the increase in the inhibitor concentration were applied.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to follow the behaviour of steel at different stages of the corrosion process. The evolution of acquired spectra reflected the initiation of localized corrosion of steel and then the gradual inhibition with increasing concentration of the inhibitor. It was found, that calcium nitrite is able to inhibit the initiated corrosion (pitting) of steel and the optimum inhibitor efficiency was observed for the [Cl⁻]/[NO₂⁻] ratio below 1. The inhibition efficiency was larger, when this value of the [Cl⁻]/[NO₂⁻] ratio was reached in early stages of the corrosion development. Calcium nitrite can be effective as a penetrating corrosion inhibitor for steel in concrete, if it will be present in the sufficient concentration at the steel surface in early stages of the corrosion development.     

电化学法研究钼系缓蚀剂

用动电位慢扫描法研究了钼系缓蚀剂在去离子水中和含５ｐｐｍＣ１＾－的去离了 对Ａ３钢的缓蚀性能,并与２００ｐｐｍ的Ｋ２ＣｒＯ４在同样条件下对Ａ３钢的缓蚀性能作了比较。在５ｐｐｍ Ｃｌ＾－的去离子水的敝开体系中,１００ｐｐｍ Ｎａ２ＭｏＯ４的缓蚀性能与２００ｐｐｍ的Ｋ２ＣｒＯ４相当,复合缓蚀剂Ｎａ２ＮｏＯ４（１２ｐｐｍ）＋ＮａＮＯ２（２３ｐｐｍ）＋ＺｎＳＯ４（５ｐｐｍ）＋十二酰基肌拟定酸钠（１００ｐｐ     

钼酸盐复配体系对碳钢缓蚀作用研究

本文采用腐蚀失重、电化学阻抗谱、极化曲线和扫描电镜(SEM)等方法研究了钼酸钠及其与磷酸氢二钠的复配体系在3.5%NaCl介质中对碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,与钼酸钠单独使用时相比,与磷酸氢二钠的复配使用能够提高其缓蚀效率。当钼酸钠与磷酸氢二钠两种缓蚀剂的复配比为3∶7时,对Q235的缓蚀效果最佳,缓蚀效率达到90%,能更有效地抑制碳钢的腐蚀。     

基于纳米容器BTA@MSNs-PAA的智能防腐涂层的制备及性能

碳钢被广泛应用于工农业生产中,智能涂层的研究和应用为碳钢的腐蚀防护提供了新的途径。本文以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为原料,通过加入扩孔剂1,3,5-三甲苯（TMB）合成了大孔径的介孔SiO₂纳米容器（MSNs）,采用聚丙烯酸（PAA）对MSNs进行化学修饰制备了一种装载缓蚀剂苯并三氮唑（BTA）的pH敏感性智能纳米容器BTA@MSNs-PAA。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、动态光散射粒径分析（DLS）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、热重/差热分析（TGA/DTA）和紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）对BTA@MSNs-PAA的结构和性能进行了表征。通过将BTA@MSNs-PAA掺杂到环氧树脂涂层中,在碳钢表面制备了一种智能防腐涂层,采用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和盐雾加速腐蚀试验对智能涂层的防腐性能进行了评价。结果表明,BTA@MSNs-PAA近似呈球形且表面光滑,平均粒径为320nm。BTA@MSNs-PAA可通过PAA与BTA之间的静电相互作用装载BTA分子,其装载量可达16.49%,BTA@MSNs-PAA可响应酸性刺激而加速释放BTA分子。基于BTA@MSNs-PAA的智能防腐涂层对碳钢表现出显著的腐蚀防护性能,这可能是因为当碳钢基体发生腐蚀时,其腐蚀点位下降的pH触发纳米容器快速释放BTA分子,从而有效抑制了基体的进一步腐蚀。     

冷媒液用缓蚀剂的研制

通过复配实验筛选出一种不含NO2-的复配缓蚀剂,失重法实验表明,钢、铝、铜在含缓蚀剂的乙醇冷媒液中的腐蚀速度明显降低,当缓蚀剂浓度达到1.3%时,腐蚀速度近乎为零,有效地抑制了碳钢、紫铜和铝合金材料在冷媒液中的腐蚀,同时提高了冷媒液的沸点,改善了冷媒液的稳定性。