平板式固体氧化物燃料电池的初步研究

研制出平板式Ni-YSZ|YSZ|LSM单体电池 ,电池以H2 为燃料 ,O2 为氧化剂气体。设计组装了电池性能测试系统 ,在 4 0 0～ 10 0 0℃的温度范围内 ,测试了电池开路电压与温度变化的关系 ,分析了变化的原因 ;考察了单体电池的电流电压特性和电流功率特性 ,计算了电池的效率     

车用锂电池工作特性研究

随着电动汽车产业的迅猛发展,电池技术越来越受到重视,研究动力电池的工作特性对合理使用、优化电池具有重要意义,可以提高电池能量利用率、延长使用寿命。针对电动汽车用锂离子电池工作特性进行研究,结果表明电池的充放电截止电压和拐点电压随温度变化而变化,而不受放电电流的影响。     

跟随样品太阳电池的光伏阵列模拟器

跟随样品太阳电池的光伏阵列模拟器，用可控的白炽灯模拟太阳光强的变化，样品电池的输出电压和电流随模拟光强而变化，经放大后驱动功率器件，使其输出跟随样品太阳电池的电压和电流，以代替实际光伏阵列进行光伏系统的各项性能测试。     

液相进料直接甲醇燃料电池性能的实验研究

利用美国Arbin公司燃料电池测试装置，对液相进料直接甲醇燃料电池的性能进行了实验研究。通过电流．电压曲线，研究了燃料电池工作温度和压力、阴阳极差压、甲醇和氧气流量、甲醇浓度等参数对电池性能的影响。实验结果表明：较高的电池温度可以提高电池的性能；阴阳极差压提高，电池性能降低；在甲醇浓度较低时，燃料电池工作压力、工质流量和浓度的增加均使燃料电池性能有不同程度的提高。图8参7     

低催化剂载量直接甲醇燃料电池性能实验研究

利用自行设计的直接甲醇燃料电池实验系统研究了电池温度、阴极侧压力、甲醇溶液浓度和流量、氧气流量对低催化剂载量（阳极Pt-Ru载量为0．4mg／cm^2；阴极Pt载量为0．4mg／cm^2）直接甲醇燃料电池性能的影响。重点分析了运行参数对电池内部传质的影响。实验结果表明提高甲醇溶液浓度和流量不仅会强化甲醇向阳极催化剂层的传递，也会加剧甲醇窜流。另外，还研究了电流变化时电池电压的动态响应，结果表明甲醇窜流对电池动态响应起关键作用。     

基于PVsyst的太阳能光伏电池电气特性的仿真研究

在不同辐照强度和光伏电池温度、有无旁路二极管条件下,利用光伏软件PVsyst对多晶硅光伏电池组件及其单体电池的反向特性进行了研究,对不同旁路二极管数量、局部电池不同阴影率条件下的光伏组件输出特性进行了仿真。基于辐照强度、电池温度、旁路二极管对光伏组件及其电池反向特性的影响,对旁路二极管和局部电池阴影率对光伏组件发电性能的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明:当光伏电池加反向恒定电压时,随辐照强度、电池温度升高,流过电池的电流逐渐升高;当无旁路二极管的光伏组件加反向电压时,随反向电压升高,电流升高缓慢,当带旁路二极管的光伏组件加反向电压时,旁路二极管导通,电流急剧升高;当光伏组件局部电池被遮挡时随旁路二极管数量增加,光伏组件功率损失逐渐减小,当光伏组件无旁路二极管时随光伏组件局部电池阴影率升高,光伏组件输出功率持续下降。     

温度、压力和湿度对质子交换膜燃料电池性能的影响

以Nafion质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)为对象，通过测量电池的电流—电压、电流—功率和电压—时间曲线，研究了温度、压力和湿度等条件对电池性能的影响，同时也考察了电池的能量转换效率及短期运行时的稳定性，得出了电池较佳的工作条件。实验和计算结果表明：在反应温度为72℃、H2和02压力分别为0．2MPa、进气湿度饱和时，电池最大输出功率可达0．7W．cm^-2；在0．3W.cm^-2～0．7W．cm^-2范围内电池能量转换效率为62％—34％；在大电流密度下电池仍能稳定工作。     

温度对SiC MOSFET电流和电压变化率影响分析

由于SiC MOSFET的半导体物理和器件内部参数会随着温度的变化而发生变化,导致温度变化也会影响SiC MOSFET的动态特性。该文以其漏极电流变化率dI_D/dt、漏源极电压变化率dV_(DS)/dt这2个动态性能参数为例,重点从实验的角度分析其随温度变化的规律。首先,搭建基于电感钳位双脉冲的SiC MOSFET动态特性测试电路,测试不同温度下漏极电流和漏源极电压,得到温度对其的影响规律;其次,基于器件物理方程建立SiC MOSFET漏极电流变化率dI_D/dt、漏源极电压变化率dV_(DS)/dt的温度特性解析模型,且通过实验测试得到SiC MOSFET的阈值电压V_(TH)、跨导g_m的温度特性;最后,根据所建立的SiC MOSFET dI_D/dt、dV_(DS)/dt温度特性解析模型及其V_(TH)、g_m的温度特性从理论上对实验所得结果进行定性解释。所得结果对SiC MOSFET器件选型、建立准确的器件模型及实际系统的设计具有指导意义。     

镇流器的性能及其使用分析

一、镇流器在照明电路中的作用随着照明技术的发展，气体放电灯以其光效高、寿命长、光色较好、节能效果显著等特点获得照明界的普遍重视。近几年来，绿色照明风靡全球，气体放电灯是其首选产品。但气体放电灯的放电正柱具有负的伏一安特性，放电工作不稳定，特别是当电源电压变化时，气体放电灯的工作点随之改变，若不采取措施可能将灯管或电路元件烧坏。如图1所示。气体放电灯点燃时工作在曲线1的A点，灯管电压降为V1，灯电流为I1；若电源电压发生变化，使灯电压从V1变为V2，则灯电压减少、△U1，而灯电流则从I1增加到I2，电流增加值…     

4×4阵列管式固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）堆温度场和流场初步分析

通过对实验中管式SOFC堆的数学建模仿真方法,研究实验中的百瓦级4×4管式电池堆内部的流体流动、传热和组分浓度等特性,分析电池参数对电池内部气体流速、温度和浓度分压分布。计算结果和实验测试发现：流场和压力场基本均匀,温度场变化在±34．7K,而阵列电池管开路电压测试值在1．0～1．15vg间,基本满足电堆工作要求。     

Investigation of discharge reaction mechanism of lithium|liquid electrolyte|sulfur battery

The influence of current density on the discharge reaction of Li–S batteries is investigated by discharge tests (first discharge curve), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) (discharge products), and scanning electron microscopy (the surface morphology of sulfur electrodes). The first discharge capacity and the plateau potential both decrease with increasing current density. When the current density is increased from 100 to 1600 mA g⁻¹ S, the discharge capacity decreases from 1178 to 217 mAh g⁻¹ S.     

Modeling of an anode-supported Ni-YSZ|Ni-ScSZ|ScSZ| LSM-ScSZ multiple layers SOFC cell: Part II. Simulations and discussion

In part I of the present study, a two-dimensional isothermal mechanistic model of a composite yttria/scandia stabilized zirconia anode-supported multiple layers solid oxide fuel cell (Ni-YSZ|Ni-ScSZ|ScSZ|LSM-ScSZ) was developed, calibrated and validated using a button cell setup. In this paper, the model was further validated for extended operating conditions of fuel and oxidant compositions, which confirmed the robustness of the model. Since an important attribute of this model is its ability to accurately describe the effect of cell microstructure on cell performance, a large section of part II is devoted to sensitivity analysis of various microstructure parameters (cathode area, porosity, layer thickness and particle radius) on cell performance. In particular, the simulation results have shown how the button cell microstructure should be modified to optimize its performance. The proposed model could be used as a bridge between micro-scale electrode models and macro-scale unit cell simulation, thus being a useful tool for electrode design.     

Contribution of H-aggregated dye molecules in photocurrent generation of solid-state TiO2|pyrogallol red|CuI solar cell

Excited H-aggregated pyrogallor red molecules are found to be injecting electrons into the conduction band of TiO₂ and holes into the valance band of CuI in solid-state TiO₂|pyrogallor red|CuI cell. Pore filling of titania films by CuI is one of the key parameters controlling the performance of this type of cells. Effect of ligand attached to crystal growth inhibitor on the photocurrent and its dependence with the concentration of crystal growth inhibitor are studied.     

Modeling of an anode-supported Ni–YSZ|Ni–ScSZ|ScSZ|LSM–ScSZ multiple layers SOFC cell: Part I. Experiments,model development and validation

This paper is the first part of a two-part paper and presents the development, calibration and validation of a two-dimensional isothermal mechanistic model of a composite yttria/scandia-stabilized zirconia anode-supported multiple layers solid oxide fuel cell (Ni–YSZ|Ni–ScSZ|ScSZ|LSM–ScSZ). This model was developed to describe the intricate interdependency among the ionic conduction, electronic conduction, multi-component species transport, electrochemical reaction processes and electrode microstructure for intermediate temperatures operation between 750 and 850 °C. This model takes into account the fact that the electrochemical reactions take place throughout the electrodes and not only at the electrolyte/electrode boundaries. The model was calibrated using experimental polarization curves and then validated by comparing each cell component polarizations (anodic, cathodic and electrolyte) determined from the simulation and from specific experiments using a symmetric cell and EIS measurements.     

A sealed optical cell for the study of lithium-electrode|electrolyte interfaces

A sealed, symmetrical, lithium optical cell, which enables optical images of lithium surface deposits and in situ Raman spectra to be obtained simply and conveniently during charge–discharge cycling of lithium metal electrodes, has been designed and tested. A conventional aprotic liquid, 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate, and an experimental ionic liquid, 20 mol% lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide in 1-ethyl 3-methyl imidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, are investigated as electrolyte solutions. Images obtained from the cell with the former electrolyte solution demonstrate the problems associated with cycling lithium metal electrodes. Images obtained with the latter electrolyte solution provide clear evidence that continued investigation of ionic liquids for use with lithium metal electrodes is warranted. Operation of the cell with the conventional electrolyte yields Raman spectra of good quality. The spectra display vibrational modes which arise from the electrolyte, as well as several additional modes which are associated with the deposits formed during cycling.