建设工程项目施工管理中的团队建设和管理

分析了团队建设的重要性,详细地介绍了团队建设的过程与操作方法,提出了五种常见冲突的处理方法,以建设一支团结上进、富有激情的团队,从而提高建设工程的效益。     

建筑工程项目管理的创新

通过分析建筑工程项目施工管理中存在的问题,阐述了项目施工管理创新的必然性,提出了创新的原则和方案,以不断深化施工管理体制改革,提高建筑施工企业的经济效益,从而提高企业竞争力。     

The view of freedom and standardisation among managers in Swedish construction contractor projects

It has been suggested that standardisation improves productivity. Simultaneously, construction contractor project managers are given freedom to run projects as if they were independent firms. If this is a motivating factor for the managers, firms may have to find other ways to improve productivity than to increase standardisation to be able to stimulate their most skilled managers. It could prove important to recognise their need for freedom before they start looking for alternative places of employment.     

Modeling construction time in Spanish building projects

The literature states that project duration is affected by various scope factors. Using 168 building projects carried out in Spain, this paper uses the multiple regression analysis to develop a forecast model that allows estimating project duration of new builds. The proposed model uses project type, gross floor area (GFA), the cost/GFA relationship and number of floors as predictor variables. The research identified the logarithmic form of construction speed as the most appropriate response variable. GFA has greater influence than cost on project duration but both factors are necessary to achieve a forecast model with the highest accuracy. We developed an analysis to verify the stability of forecasted values and showed how a model with high values of fit and accuracy may display an anomalous behavior in the forecasted values. The sensitivity of the proposed forecast model was also analyzed versus the variability of construction costs.     

建筑工程中的计算流体力学

针对计算流体力学计算的特点及模拟的目的,对当前CFD在建筑工程方向的研究进展进行了论述,介绍了CFD的处理过程,探讨了CFD技术在建筑工程中的应用前景,指出将理论分析、实验研究及数值模拟结合起来,从而推动建筑工程的发展。     

对建设工程电子招投标的探讨

对电子招投标方式进行了介绍,阐述了在建设工程中推行电子招投标的必要性和意义,分析了当前建设工程电子招投标存在的问题,并对制约建设工程电子招投标发展的问题提出了对策。     

对高校基建管理中造价控制若干问题的探析

基于建设方造价管理的角度,对高校基本建设过程中控制投资可能失败的原因进行了分析和探讨,针对目前高校投资项目中出现的造价管理方面的问题提出了建议,从而以最合理、最经济的投入为高校获得最佳的经济效益和社会效益.     

Planning linear construction projects: automated method for the generation of earthwork activities

Earthworks planning for road construction projects is a complex operation and the planning rules used are usually intuitive and not well defined. An approach to automate the earthworks planning process is described and the basic techniques that are used are outlined. A computer-based system has been developed, initially to help planners use existing techniques more efficiently. With their input, the system has been extended to incorporate a knowledge base and a simulation of the earthworks processes. As well as creating activity sets in a much shorter time, the system has shown that for a real project, the model is able to generate activity sets that are comparable to those generated by a project planner.     

境外建设项目成本管理与控制

本文通过案例分析,对境外建设项目的成本管理与控制进行了探讨,提出了相应的建议与措施,以期增强境外建设项目的竞争力。     

The ritualization of transitions in the project life cycle: A study of transition rituals in construction projects

To manage the project life cycle and facilitate transitions, Project Management (PM) research often points to temporal models and structuring devices. However, the social and symbolic facet of transitions in projects remains understudied. Therefore, this research focuses on the ritualization of transitions in projects. Specifically, the aim is to gain insight into the practice and meaning of transition rituals in the project life cycle. To do so we draw from field research in the infrastructure sector where participant-observation was carried out during eight transition rituals in four Dutch construction projects, and 58 interviews were executed with project participants. The contribution to the PM debate on temporary organizing lies in the conceptualization of transition rituals as powerful symbolic and strategic practices in the project life cycle, and in the provision of an overview showcasing how, when and why transition rituals are practiced to facilitate transitions and embed a project in its environment.     

Assessing the overall performance of value engineering workshops for construction projects

Success of a value engineering workshop (VEW) depends on numerous interrelated factors. Unfortunately, some of these factors are overlooked by VEW teams. This study applied factor analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze a questionnaire survey distributed to experienced VE practitioners. A VEW performance assessment model was designed based on the data collected. The proposed model was used to assess two VEWs of a construction project to demonstrate its usefulness in performance assessment. Assessment results were analyzed, and suggestions were provided to improve VEW performance. Performance can be enhanced by using the proposed model for self-diagnosis, process improvement, and team motivation.     

施工项目成本管理与控制

介绍了施工项目成本管理的发展,阐述了施工项目成本管理中存在的问题,并结合这些问题,对施工项目成本管理和控制的方法进行了科学的探究,对施工项目成本管理与控制具有积极的指导意义。     

A review of current practice in constructability improvement: case studies on construction projects in Indonesia

The concept of constructability emerged in the late 1970s, evolved from studies into how improvement can be achieved to increase cost efficiency and quality in the construction industry. It is an approach that links the design and construction processes. The studies in the USA, UK and, later, in Australia have demonstrated that improved constructability has lead to significant savings in both cost and time required for completing construction projects. However, in implementing constructability improvement, it is important to consider the uniqueness of the construction industry in a specific country. To improve constructability in Indonesian construction projects, two main questions need to be answered: how is construction integrated into planning and design in existing practice and how can constructability be improved. Case studies indicate that the contractual relationships between the project team members determine the options for early involvement of construction personnel, and that the current constructability practices have had some positive impacts on project performance. In addition to a reduction in constructability problems, current constructability practices have enabled significant economic savings.     

Factors affecting contractors’ risk attitudes in construction projects: Case study from China

Risk-based decision making (RBDM) is critical in successful construction project management, in which decision makers’ attitudes towards risks play an important role. Most previous studies in construction project risk management have been focusing on the factors contributing to the success of risk management, but little attention was given to factors significantly affecting decision makers’ risk attitudes in construction projects. To improve RBDM, we investigate the critical factors affecting contractors’ risk attitudes in construction projects in China in this research. Literatures reviews, interviews and questionnaires are used for the identification of factors affecting contractors’ risk attitudes. Statistical methods of ranking analysis and factor analysis are also implemented for verification and further analysis. The results show that the most important three factors are: “consequences of decision making”, “engineering experience”, and “completeness of project information”. Results from factor analysis on the identified critical factors reveal that they can be grouped into four categories, namely: (1) knowledge and experience; (2) contractors’ character; (3) personal perception; and (4) economic environment. The significance of this research is that the findings do not only provide decision making support for contractors by deepening their understandings of the factors that affect their risk attitudes, but also serve as a useful reference for further studies under this topic.     

浅议建设工程项目成本管理

针对项目成本管理在建设工程中的重要性,从施工前、施工过程和竣工验收阶段提出了相应的成本控制措施,指出只有承包商加强项目施工的成本管理,才能在激烈的建筑市场竞争下取得良好的经济效益。     

建设工程工程量清单计价模式简析

通过对定额计价与清单计价进行简单分析,阐述了工程量清单计价方式的计价实质,指出了建设工程定额计价存在的问题及工程量清单计价模式的优越性,以期促进工程量清单计价的推广应用。     

社会主义市场经济条件下的重点工程建设思考

重点工程建设已经走过了五十多年的历程,为我男民经济和社会发展做出了重大贡献,该文对各个历史时期的重点工程建设进行了回顾,阐述了重点工程建设的作用,结合现状分析了当前重点工程建设存在问题,并就在社会主义市场经济条件下如何解决这些问题提出了一些见解,对如何搞好重点工程建设进行了有益的思考。     

Reducing the construction time for building projects

The problem of the construction time for building projects is discussed from the point of view of the client, the contractor and their relationship with one another. The client focuses his attention on only one project, the total duration including preconstruction as well as construction. The contractor is concerned only with site operations, not those of a single project but those of all the projects on his books. His primary aim, therefore, is the allocation and scheduling of his resources over all his current work, the timing of individual projects being a secondary matter. The paper, by clarifying this divergence of aims, discusses means of speeding production.     

施工项目如何搞好安全管理

从施工项目安全管理、现场文明施工管理、安全技术措施管理三方面入手,探讨了如何搞好安全管理,通过对安全生产要素过程控制,使生产要素的不安全行为和状态减少,从而保证安全管理目标的实现。     

Improving the risk quantification under behavioural tendencies: A tale of construction projects

Complex construction projects are risky owing to several features and factors. Their management involves risk assessment which is subjected to various behavioural tendencies and the existing body of knowledge lacks appropriate methods to quantify these effects. The prevalent standard model of Expected Utility Theory does not differentiate between threat and opportunity, resulting into an identical estimation for both facets of risk. This limitation was addressed by Prospect Theory which better captures risk preferences. However, construction industry still relies upon conventional methods of risk assessment. The current study introduces a weighting function to better quantify the cognitive errors in construction risk assessment by adjusting the over- and under-estimation. In doing so, detailed scenario-based, semi-structured interviews are conducted engaging senior professionals. It is found that, typically, opportunities are underestimated by 7.5% and threats are overestimated by 8%. Integrating these findings into risk response strategies results into a realistic and effective resource allocation.