共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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用于大尺寸样品的同步辐射硬X射线衍射增强成像方法研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
作为 X 射线相衬成像的方法之一,衍射增强成像方法由于能获得较高的信噪比及分辨率而引起了人们的研究兴趣。北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)形貌学实验站也开展了该方法的探索研究。此前的衍射增强成像方法中,当白光 X 射线光束横截面尺寸为 20 mm×10 mm 时,经过双晶单色器后最大只能获得横截面尺寸为20 mm×4 mm 的均匀单色 X 射线,从而造成成像区域减小。在对通常衍射增强成像光路排列分析的基础上,提出了一种新的光学排列几何并进行了衍射增强实验。应用新光学排列几何首次获得了与入射白光 X 射线尺寸相当的、大的成像光斑均匀区域,因而新光学排列几何更适合于大尺寸样品的研究工作。同时,该光学排列几何成像分辨率可以达到微米量级并且更方便于实验操作。 相似文献
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在上海光源硬X微聚焦及应用光束线站(BL15U1)上实现了一种基于实时数字图像处理的同步辐射微探针自动化扫描方法。该方法采用高灵敏度、高帧率的数字电荷耦合器件(Charge Coupled Device,CCD)显微镜实时成像,通过对显微镜系统和X光微米探针系统的坐标转换,使用户在图像空间直接点击到感兴趣的位置后,样品台就自动将该点移入光路。在设定好扫描时间、扫描步长等必要的实验参数后,只需要用鼠标在图像空间圈出需要扫描的区域,系统将自动生成XPS运动控制器的运动配置文件,并驱动电机运动,对该区域进行微束荧光扫描成像。结果表明,该方法不仅可以提高同步辐射机时的使用效率,而且可以满足微区研究人员快捷、方便的自动化操作需求。 相似文献
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与白光X射线动态显微CT(Micro Computed Tomography)相比,单色光X射线动态显微CT具有较低的辐射损伤和较高的密度分辨率,但是更难以平衡其空间和时间分辨率。目前,单色光X射线动态显微CT的最高时间分辨率可达到13.3 Hz,探测器有效像素尺寸为5μm。为了构建具有更高时空分辨率的单色光X射线动态显微CT系统,基于上海光源快速X光成像线站(BL16U2)的高通量密度单色光,将高速转台与三镜头大数值孔径快速X射线成像探测器相结合,构建了实验系统。以速发型聚氨酯材料为研究对象进行了验证实验,在15 keV单色光下动态显微CT的时间分辨率达到了20 Hz,探测器有效像素尺寸为2.2μm。对气泡运动进行相关定量分析,证明该系统具有高时空分辨率和高对比度分辨率,可以对复杂运动系统进行四维时空定量分析,为BL16U2线站用户进行高时空分辨率的复杂原位研究提供了强大的实验平台。 相似文献
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利用多毛细管准直器测量X射线光源焦斑尺寸 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
设计了一种测量X射线光源焦斑尺寸的方法:多毛细管准直器法。整体玻璃毛细管X射线准直器是由数105根内径为几微米的单玻璃毛细管组成的X射线光学器件,X射线光源发出的发散X射线光束被多毛细管准直器约束后变为准平行束。准平行束的截面直径是X射线光源焦斑直径的函数,通过测量准平行束不同位置处的截面直径,利用线性拟合可得到X射线光源的焦斑直径。分别利用多毛细管准直器法和常用的小孔成像法测量了同一微焦斑X射线光源的焦斑直径,测量结果分别为60.8和59.4μm。多毛细管准直器法对焦斑直径在亚微米量级或更小X射线源的焦斑尺寸测量中将显示出更多的优势。 相似文献
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针对设计与研制的一台活体小动物X射线显微CT成像系统(Micro-CT),利用标准的细丝模具成像实验,测量该系统的调制传递函数(MTF)曲线,衡量整个系统的空间分辨率.该系统在其常规的成像条件下(X射线管电压为40 kvp,曝光时间1 s,几何放大倍数约2倍,探测器设置在2×2工作模式),测得系统的成像分辨率约11 l... 相似文献
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激光核聚变靶的X射线相衬显微成像研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
激光核聚变在置有聚合物靶丸的金属靶室内进行,靶丸通常由碳、氢等低Z元素组成,传统的X射线成像很难诊断靶丸在靶室内的位置.X射线相衬成像在低z元素样品成像中具有独特的优越性,但很少用于强吸收介质包裹的低Z样品结构成像.针对激光核聚变靶丸位置无损检测这一难点,建立了相应的X射线相衬显微成像物理模型.数字模拟和微聚焦源X射线相衬成像初步实验研究的结果表明,通过选择合适的成像参数,如光子能量、成像距离等,可以获得靶丸位置的清晰成像.因此,可以认为X射线相衬成像技术用于激光核聚变靶室诊断是可行的.该技术还可以扩展到其他高Z介质内部低Z样品结构成像,如石油勘探中包裹体的研究等. 相似文献
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R. S. Rawat T. Zhang G. J. Lim W. H. Tan S. J. Ng A. Patran S. M. Hassan S. V. Springham T. L. Tan M. Zakaullah P. Lee S. Lee 《Journal of Fusion Energy》2004,23(1):49-53
A 3 kJ Mather-type UNU/ICTP plasma focus device with neon filling is used, for the first time, as a soft X-ray source for imaging of thin biological samples including insects. A charge-coupled-device (CCD) based pinhole projection system, placed in a differentially pumped chamber, is used for radiography using neon soft X-rays. The image brightness, contrast and resolution have been optimized by varying soft X-ray yield, pinhole size, camera chamber length and X-ray filters. The system can simply be modified for table-top soft X-ray microscopy of thin biological samples. 相似文献
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The micro-imaging station of the TopoTomo beamline at the ANKA synchrotron light source 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. Rack T. Weitkamp S. Bauer Trabelsi A. Cecilia T. Rack R. Simon M. Schulz A.N. Danilewsky W. Diete B.R. Müller 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2009,267(11):1978-1988
The TopoTomo bending magnet beamline at the ANKA synchrotron facility in Karlsruhe (Germany) operates in the hard X-ray regime (above 6 keV). Recently, an X-ray micro-imaging station has been installed at TopoTomo. For typical imaging applications, a filtered white beam or from 2009 on a double-multilayer monochromator is used. In order to optimize the field of view and the resolution of the available indirect pixel detectors, different optical systems have been installed, adapted, respectively, to a large field of view (macroscope) and to high spatial resolution (microscope). They can be combined with different camera systems, ranging from 14-bit dynamic range CCDs to fast CMOS cameras. The spatial resolution can be brought substantially beyond the micrometer limit by using a Bragg magnifier. Due to the moderate flux of the beamline compared to insertion-device beamlines on third generation light sources, special emphasis has been put on the efficiency of the detectors via a dedicated scintillator concept. The layout of the beamline optics makes optimal use of the coherence properties. Thus, absorption contrast, phase-contrast and analyzer-based imaging can be applied. Additionally, white beam synchrotron topography is performed, using digital indirect X-ray pixel detectors as well as X-ray film. 相似文献
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衍射增强成像是X射线成像领域的前沿科技。相比于传统的吸收成像,衍射增强成像能大幅提高图像的衬度,尤其是对于由C、H、O、N等低原子序数元素构成的物体,这一特性使得衍射增强成像在医学诊断方面具有突出的应用价值。目前还没有系统评价衍射增强成像空间分辨率的方法。本文通过构建成像系统的调制传递函数模型,推导出衍射增强成像的空间分辨率计算公式,从而对衍射增强实验平台的整体性能进行综合评价。调制传递函数综合考虑了摇摆曲线几何、CCD像素尺寸、闪烁体荧光弥散效应对系统空间分辨率的固有影响,并详细分析了系统调制传递函数各因素对空间分辨率的影响规律,为衍射增强实验平台的物理设计及设备选型提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为提高X射线源针孔成像系统的性能,对成像能区为10~100 keV的X射线源针孔成像系统进行了优化设计研究。综合应用了理论分析和蒙特卡罗模拟的方法,首先根据X射线波长、准直器角响应和X射线穿透效应对针孔成像的不同影响结果设计了可有效控制成像分辨率和成像面积变化的船底型准直器,随后用蒙特卡罗方法对使用该准直器的针孔成像系统进行了模拟验证。结果表明,对于100 keV以下的X射线,经船底型准直器后,成像的空间分辨率和亮斑亮度较稳定,能得到相对准确的X射线源定位、定量信息。 相似文献
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M. Strobl W. Treimer N. Kardjilov S. Zabler 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2008,266(1):181-186
Improving the spatial resolution conditions in a neutron imaging experiment enables the detection of phase-based contrast in addition to attenuation contrast. Addressing not only the amplitude but also the phase of radiation in an imaging experiment allows for obtaining additional information about the sample. The so-called neutron phase contrast method improves imaging results mainly by edge enhancement which increases the visibility of sub-resolution structures and of low attenuation contrast materials. These effects have been found at high intensity synchrotron X-ray sources before and have been applied to neutron imaging recently. However, the excellent coherence conditions and spatial resolution of imaging instruments at state-of-the-art synchrotron sources can hardly be compared to neutron imaging. Nevertheless, edge enhancement has been found for increased resolution (coherence) conditions in neutron experiments as well. As for X-ray instruments the effects have been explained by diffraction, although typical interference fringes have never been recorded. In contrast this article will explain the effects measured with neutron radiation by refraction and total reflection. Both of these do not require high spatial coherence. Therefore improved resolution and not increased coherence will be considered as precondition to obtain the reported signals and to understand the results. Considerations concerning relaxed collimation requirements for improved detector resolutions will be presented as a consequence. 相似文献
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不同于传统的快中子成像系统,采用伴随粒子成像技术无需机械准直即可消除大部分γ射线和散射中子的干扰,实现对厚重物体的高对比度成像。角分辨是影响系统成像质量的一项重要参数。通过理论分析,研究了入射离子的初始动量、靶点尺寸和探测器空间分辨等多个因素对系统角分辨的影响。利用基于GEANT4的模拟程序,计算了不同参数下被标记中子出射角分布的二维图像。分析及模拟结果表明,靶点直径和α探测器空间分辨率是影响角分辨的重要因素。为满足系统角分辨小于1°的设计目标,入射离子的初始动量变化范围应较小,靶点直径应小于1 mm,同时α探测器的空间分辨率应小于0.5 mm。 相似文献
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Cheng-Jun Tan Chuan-Xiang Tang Wen-Hui Huang Qing-Xiu Jin Ying-Chao Du Qun Luo Pei-Dong Wu Dong-Hai Liu Lu-Ming Zhang Cong Xu 《核技术(英文版)》2019,30(3)
Distributed X-ray sources comprise a single vacuum chamber containing multiple X-ray sources that are triggered and emit X-rays at a specific time and location. This process facilitates an application for innovative system concepts in X-ray and computer tomography. This paper proposes a novel electron beam focusing, shaping,and deflection electron gun for distributed X-ray sources.The electron gun uses a dispenser cathode as an electron emitter, a mesh grid to control emission current, and two electrostatic lenses for beam shaping, focusing, and deflection. Novel focusing and deflecting electrodes were designed to increase the number of focal spots in the distributed source. Two identical half-rectangle opening electrodes are controlled by adjusting the potential of the two electrodes to control the electron beam trajectory, and then, multifocal spots are obtained on the anode target. The electron gun can increase the spatial density of the distributed X-ray sources, thereby improving the image quality. The beam experimental results show that the focal spot sizes of the deflected(deflected amplitude 10.5 mm)and non-deflected electron beams at full width at half maximum are 0.80 mm 90.50 mm and 0.55 mm 90.40 mm, respectively(anode voltage 160 kV; beam current 30 mA). The imaging experimental results demonstrate the excellent spatial resolution and time resolution of an imaging system built with the sources, which has an excellent imaging effect on a field-programmable gate array chip and a rotating metal disk. 相似文献