NH3／CO2复叠制冷系统实验研究

对NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统进行了性能实验,并对NH3／CO2复叠系统、两级NH3系统以及单级NH3系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明,当CO2冷凝温度升高时,复叠系统的COP先增大后降低;随着冷凝蒸发器中换热温差的降低、CO2蒸发温度的升高,系统COP逐渐升高。在较低的蒸发温度下,NH3／CO2复叠系统的COP高于两级NH3、单级NH3系统。结果表明自然工质的NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统在低温工况下具有良好的应用前景。     

NH3／CO2复叠制冷系统实验研究

对NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统进行了性能实验,并对NH3／CO2复叠系统、两级NH3系统以及单级NH3系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明,当co2冷凝温度升高时,复叠系统的COP先增大后降低;随着冷凝蒸发器中换热温差的降低、CO2蒸发温度的升高,系统COP逐渐升高。在较低的蒸发温度下,NH3／CO2复叠系统的COP高于两级NH3、单级NH3系统。结果表明自然工质的NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统在低温工况下具有良好的应用前景。     

NH3／CO2复叠制冷系统实验研究

对NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统进行了性能实验,并对NH3／CO2复叠系统、两级NH3系统以及单级NH3系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明,当CO2冷凝温度升高时,复叠系统的COP先增大后降低;随着冷凝蒸发器中换热温差的降低、CO2蒸发温度的升高,系统cOP逐渐升高。在较低的蒸发温度下,NH3／CO2复叠系统的COP高于两级NH3、单级NH3系统。结果表明自然工质的NH3／CO2复叠式制冷系统在低温工况下具有良好的应用前景。     

NH3/C02复叠制冷系统实验研究

对NH3/CO2复叠式制冷系统进行了性能实验,并对NH3/CO2复叠系统、两级NH3系统以及单级NH3系统的性能进行了比较.结果表明,当CO2冷凝温度升高时,复叠系统的COP先增人后降低:随着冷凝蒸发器中换热温差的降低、CO2蒸发温度的升高,系统COP逐渐升高.在较低的蒸发温度下,NH3/CO2复叠系统的COP高丁两级NH3、单级NH3系统.结果表明自然工质的NH2/CO2复叠式制冷系统在低温工况卜具有良好的心用前景.     

自然工质在小型超市制冷系统中应用的理论分析

本文对低温级以CO2为工质的超市复叠式制冷系统进行了热力学理论分析,计算了不同蒸发温度、冷凝温度和不同传热温差下的COP,并与传统的超市复叠制冷循环进行对比分析。结果发现自然工质CO2／NH,复叠制冷系统的性能效率为最好,而R290／CO2复叠制冷系统的COP与使用传统工质的相当。因此,将自然环保工质复叠式制冷系统应用于小型超市具有很好的应用前景。     

回热器对复叠式制冷系统性能的影响

通过分析回热器对R290/CO2、NH3/CO2、R404A/CO2三种复叠式制冷系统性能的影响,得出在一定的冷凝温度、蒸发温度和冷凝蒸发器传热温差下,回热循环能提高R290/CO2、R404A/CO2复叠式制冷系统的性能系数,且当回热器效率大于0.31时,R290/CO2复叠式制冷系统的性能系数超过NH3/CO2复叠式制冷系统的性能系数,减少R290/CO2、NH3/CO2、R404A/CO2复叠式制冷系统中高温循环制冷剂的充注量,从而提高复叠式制冷系统的安全性。     

R404A/CO_2复叠式制冷系统与R404A双级压缩式制冷系统热力性能对比分析

首先介绍R404A/CO2复叠式制冷系统和R404A双级压缩式制冷系统,然后通过热力性能计算,对比分析这2种系统在蒸发温度-30~-55℃下的COP和热力完善度等参数,以及冷凝温度对COP的影响,并说明复叠式制冷循环的质量流量比随蒸发温度的变化情况。     

R404A与CO2复叠式制冷系统的理论分析

本文针对所建立的新型R404A／CO2复叠式制冷设备进行了理论研究,该系统可提供零下40℃以下的低温环境。根据R404A和CO2的物性特征及复叠式循环流程,通过数值模拟寻找一定工况下CO2低温级的最佳冷凝温度及二者的最佳质量流量比,分析冷凝蒸发器的工作温度、CO2侧蒸发温度、R404侧的冷凝温度等对R404A／CO2复叠式系统COP的影响。结果表明,为了提高循环效率并保证循环的安全运行,应尽可能地升高低温段蒸发温度、降低高温段冷凝温度,缩小冷凝蒸发器的传热温差,环保工质R404A和CO2的复叠式制冷系统在低温制冷条件下有良好的发展前景。     

二氧化碳复叠式制冷循环的热力性能分析

分析了CO2的热力特性和CO2复叠式制冷循环的优势及应用现状,概述了复叠式制冷循环的原理及组成,从理论和实验两个方面对NH3/CO2和R290/CO2复叠式制冷循环进行了分析,得出了COP以及高低压级质量流量比与蒸发温度、冷凝温度、冷凝蒸发温差之间的关系.     

R290/CO2复叠式制冷系统的性能实验

通过对R290／C02复叠式制冷系统的性能实验,对低温循环用CO2作为制冷工质,高温循环分别用R22和R290为制冷工质的性能进行比较,结果表明,随着蒸发温度的升高,冷凝温度的降低,R290／CO2复叠式制冷系统的最佳质量流量比增大,COP增加。随着高温循环压缩机入口温度的升高,R290压缩机的功耗略高于R22压缩机的功耗,R290循环的COPh要高于R22循环的COPh。结果表明自然工质R290／CO2复叠式制冷系统具有很好的发展前景。     

CO2低温制冷循环热力学分析

通过对CO2单级压缩和双级压缩制冷循环的热力学分析得出,在一定的蒸发温度和冷凝温度下,CO2单级压缩制冷循环的COP比CO2双级压缩制冷循环的COP低、压差大、压比高.因此,CO2低温制冷循环系统应采用双级压缩制冷循环,为提高CO2双级压缩制冷循环的循环效率,应尽可能升高蒸发温度、降低冷凝温度,可以看出自然工质CO2双级压缩制冷循环有很好的发展前景.     

Thermodynamic analysis of an R744–R717 cascade refrigeration system

A thermodynamic analysis of carbon dioxide–ammonia (R744–R717) cascade refrigeration system is presented in this paper to optimize the design and operating parameters of the system. The design and operating parameters considered in this study include (1) condensing, subcooling, evaporating and superheating temperatures in the ammonia (R717) high-temperature circuit, (2) temperature difference in the cascade heat exchanger, and (3) evaporating, superheating, condensing and subcooling in the carbon dioxide (R744) low-temperature circuit. A multilinear regression analysis was employed in terms of subcooling, superheating, evaporating, condensing, and cascade heat exchanger temperature difference in order to develop mathematical expressions for maximum COP, an optimum evaporating temperature of R717 and an optimum mass flow ratio of R717 to that of R744 in the cascade system.     

Experimental investigation on the performance of NH3/CO2 cascade refrigeration system with twin-screw compressor

This paper describes the experiment carried out to analyze the performance of a refrigeration system in cascade with ammonia and carbon dioxide as working fluids. The effect of operation parameters, such as the evaporating temperature of the low temperature cycle, the condensing temperature of low temperature cycle, temperature difference in cascade heat exchanger and superheat degree, on the system performance was investigated. Performance of the cascade system with NH₃/CO₂ was compared with that of two-stage NH₃ system and single-stage NH₃ system with or without economizer. It was found that the COP of the cascade system is the best among all the systems, when the evaporating temperature is below −40 °C. Also, the cascade system performance is greatly affected by evaporating temperature, condensing temperature of low temperature cycle, temperature difference in cascade heat exchanger and is only slightly sensitive to superheat degree. All the experimental results indicate that the NH₃/CO₂ cascade system is very competitive in low temperature applications.     

用于低温复叠式制冷的CO2螺杆式压缩机组的性能实验

CO2在冷冻冷藏系统中适宜作为低温级制冷剂与其他制冷剂组成复叠式制冷循环。建立采用螺杆式压缩机组的NH3/CO2复叠式制冷实验系统,对低温级的CO2螺杆式压缩机组进行性能测试,并对主要技术参数进行分析,给出机组制冷量、轴功率、容积效率和绝热效率等在不同工况下的变化关系。在相同工况下CO2制冷机组的制冷量约是同型号氨机组的7.5～10.5倍,且在蒸发温度越低时差值越大。对NH3/CO2复叠式制冷机组和NH3单机双级压缩制冷机组的性能系数进行比较,前者在蒸发温度低于-40℃时性能系数更高。     

Thermodynamic analysis of optimal condensing temperature of cascade-condenser in CO2/NH3 cascade refrigeration systems

This study thermodynamically analyzed a cascade refrigeration system that uses carbon dioxide and ammonia as refrigerants, to determine the optimal condensing temperature of the cascade-condenser given various design parameters, to maximize the COP and minimize the exergy destruction of the system. The design parameters include: the evaporating temperature, the condensing temperature and the temperature difference in the cascade-condenser. The results agreed closely with the reported experimental data. The optimal condensing temperature of the cascade-condenser increases with T_C, T_E and ΔT. The maximum COP increases with T_E, but decreases as T_C or ΔT increases. Two useful correlations that yield the optimal condensing temperature of the cascade-condenser and the corresponding maximum COP are presented.     

高温压缩机变转速的复叠式热泵系统性能实验研究

为研究变转速压缩机对复叠式热泵系统的影响,本文搭建了高温压缩机变转速的复叠式热泵实验台。通过实验研究了不同运行工况下系统排气温度、中间温度、制热量、功率及COP随高温压缩机转速的变化规律。结果表明:在冷凝温度为46℃,蒸发温度为-35℃～-10℃时,压缩机运行安全可靠;在冷凝温度为46℃,蒸发温度为-25℃,高温压缩机转速从1 200 r/min增至6 000 r/min,制热量提升了129. 7%,低温压缩机功率减少43.4%; COP随高温压缩机转速的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,存在最大COP和对应的最佳高温压缩机转速。     

Experimental study of the refrigeration cycle performance for the R744/R290 mixtures

A new binary mixture of R744 and R290 as an alternative natural refrigerant to R13 was first presented in this paper. Its environmental performance is friendly. It has an ODP of zero and GWP smaller than 20. Experimental studies for this mixture and R13 were performed on a cascade refrigeration system only with modification to capillary in low-temperature circuit. COP and refrigeration capacity of this binary mixture were higher than those of R13, at the same time, condensing pressure, evaporating pressure, compression ratio, and discharge temperature were also higher than that of R13 when the high-temperature circuit of cascade refrigeration system was kept invariable. The new binary mixture of R744 and R290 is considered as a promising alternative refrigerant to R13 when the evaporator temperature is higher than 201 K.     

变工况涡旋压缩机性能拟合方程的建立

采用最小二乘法原理建立涡旋压缩机的性能拟合方程，提供变工况时以蒸发温度、冷凝温度或蒸发压力、冷凝压力相关的压缩机五大性能参数（质量流量、制冷量、输入功率、运行电流、COP）的通用拟合方程。为建立完整的空调和制冷系统提供数值计算，为空调和制冷系统的动态特性模拟和优化设计提供通用、方便的数学模型。