Cerium Chemical Conversion Coating on a Novel Mg-Li Alloy

A novel Mg-Li alloy was treated in a cerium nitrate solution and cerium chemical conversion coating was obtained on the alloy. Then the forming process, structure and corrosion resistance of the coating were investigated. The influential factors of cerium conversion coating were discussed through orthogonal experiments, and the optimum processing parameters were confirmed. XPS spectra displayed that the conversion coating consisted of cerium compounds, and the major component of the protective layer was a m...     

锌合金表面稀土转化膜的组成与性能研究

通过在铈盐溶液中进行化学转化处理在电池锌合金表面获得了稀土转化膜，测量了膜的结合强度、在氯化钠溶液中的极化曲线，极化电阻和腐蚀速率，利用XPS、XRD和SEM对稀土转化膜的化学成分和组织结构进行了分析，结果表明，稀土转化膜的形成使锌合金的耐蚀性大大提高，已达到普通铬酸盐转化膜的耐蚀水平，稀土转化膜主要由CeO2、Ce2O3、ZnO等氧化物组成。     

酸性光亮电镀锡铈合金工艺的研究

采用赫尔槽试验研究了镀液中各种成分的作用及工艺条件,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了镀层形貌。研究发现,在酸性光亮镀锡镀液中添加铈盐和自制的光亮剂,可获得一种铈含量达0.5%的锡铈合金镀层,该镀层外观光亮、平整。通过镀层性能测试,并与纯锡镀层性能进行比较,发现:当镀层厚度大于5μm时,锡铈合金镀层表面致密均匀,结晶细致光亮;其抗氧化性、耐蚀性、防变色性能及可焊性明显优于纯锡镀层,解决了纯锡镀层在焊锡时易发生变色,提高了焊接温度。     

Corrosion resistance of cerium conversion film electrodeposited on Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy

The cerium conversion film was applied to improving the corrosion resistance of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy. The film was electrodeposited on the surface of the Mg-RE alloy in cerium nitrate solution. The compositions and morphologies were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning election microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behaviors of the film were investigated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization tests and immersion tests. The results show that the optimum parameters for electrochemical deposition are as follows: pH 10.0, time 30 min, 50 mmol/L Na₂CO₃ and temperature 25 °C by the designed experiments according to the orthogonal table L(9, 3⁴). The corrosion protection efficiency is dependent on the deposition parameters. The cerium conversion film shows better corrosion protection behavior than chromate conversion film on Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy. Foundation item: Project (5133001E) supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China     

Ce改性AZ91的微弧氧化膜制备及其耐蚀性能

利用交流恒压微弧氧化技术, 通过Ce改性镁合金基体制备高耐蚀微弧氧化膜. 在100、120和 140 V的外加电压下, 对3种试样: AZ91, 质量分数w(Ce) 分别为0.92%和1.80%改性的AZ91微弧氧化过程、微观结构和组成及氧化膜的耐蚀性能进行研究. 应用电子扫描显微镜(SEM), 电子能谱（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）等表征氧化膜的微观结构和化学组成. 利用稳态极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测试了氧化膜在质量分数w(NaCl)为3.5%的溶液中的腐蚀过程. 实验结果表明氧化膜成膜过程可以分为3个阶段; 氧化膜主要由MgO组成, 镁合金中的稀土元素Ce促进成膜过程, 增加膜层的致密性; 稀土改性后镁合金氧化膜的耐蚀性比镁合金基体提高4个数量级, 腐蚀电流密度低至10^-8 A/cm2．     

Influence of oxidant KMnO4 on film—forming process of rare earth metal conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy

A Cu/Al galvanic couple was established to study the influence of the oxidant KMnO4 on the film-forming process of rare earth metal(REM) conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy.It is found that the galvanic couple simulative experiment accords with the actual immersion.and it can be substantially used to simulate the behavior of LY12 aluminum alloy inthe film-forming process.It is showed that the formation of the coating is quickened in CeCl3 Solution containing KMnO4 compared with that not containing KMnO4.XPS results reveal that the coating formed on cathode is composed of oxide or hydroxide of Ce and Mn,So the mechanism of formatiopn of REM conversion coating changes when KMnO4 is added.     

Influence of cerium on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys

Effect of element cerium (Ce) on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and hardness test. The results show that addition of Ce can remarkably refine the as-cast grains and eutectic microstructure. A transformation from Mg(Zn,Cu,Al)₂ phase to Al₂CuMg phase is observed during homogenization. Furthermore, the Ce addition introduces changes in the precipitation process and consequently in the age-hardening behavior of the alloy. Microstructural measurements reveal that the addition of Ce promotes the precipitation of η′ phase, but it also partly retards the precipitation of GP zones. The density of precipitates decreases in a certain degree and rod-like η′ precipitates increase when Ce content is from 0.2% to 0.4% (mass fraction).     

Effects of Rare Earth Pr/Ce on Tribological Behavior of ADC12 Alloy

The microstructure and microhardness of ADC12 alloy that was mixed with 0,0.3,0.6,and 0.9 wt.% rare earth praseodymium/cerium (Pr/Ce) were studied.The addition of Pr/Ce improved the microhardness of the alloys.The ADC12+0.6 wt% Pr/Ce alloy displayed the smallest grain size and maximal microhardness.The tribological behavior of the alloys was tested by the pin-on-disc dry sliding friction pair with a sliding velocity of 0.21 m/s under various loads (20,40,60,80 N).The wear morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the wear mechanism was discussed.The result indicated that the wear resistance of ADC12+0.6 wt% Pr/Ce alloy was the most optimal.The wear rate relative to the matrix is reduced by 67.5% under a load of 20 N.The wear mechanism is adhesive wear.     

间接荧光光度法测定痕量铈

基于在无荧光性的铈（Ⅳ）体系中加入抗坏血酸后生成有特征荧光的铈（Ⅲ）离子,体系中再加入一定浓度的甲醛溶液后,新体系的荧光性得到更大强度的增敏．据此建立了一种间接测定痕量铈（Ⅳ）离子的新方法．利用该方法铈（Ⅳ）离子浓度在1×10^-6mol／L～1×10^-4mol／L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7．2×10^-6mol／L．此方法具有操作简便、灵敏度高、选择性好等优点．     

The influence of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O on the inhibitive effect of Ca(NO2)2 in simulated concrete pore solution

The effects of cerium nitrite on corrosion behaviors of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore solutions were studied with the methods of linear polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface analysis. In pore solutions in the presence of Ce(NO3)3?6H2O, the corrosion potential, polarization resistance and impedance of carbon steel obviously increased in contrast to the situation in the absence of cerium salts. The pore solution with [NO2-] / [Cl-] = 0.3 and 0.1% Ce(NO3)3?6H2O, carbon steel shows better corrosion resistance than that in the pore solution with [NO2-] / [Cl-] = 0.6, which indicates that a small amount of Ce(NO3)3?6H2O in pore solutions can effectively promote passivation of the steel and reduce the threshold [NO2-] / [Cl-] ratio for corrosion control. The surface layer formed in cerium salt containing pore solutions is more compact and smooth and 1.36%Ce is examined on the sample surface. The addition of 0.1% Ce(NO3)3?6H2O in pore solutions can decrease the corrosion rate of steel in pore solutions and has little influence on pH change of the solutions. However, more cerium nitrate addition above 0.1% may result in pH decrease of the solution.     

制备条件对Ce/AC催化剂低温C3H6选择性催化还原NO的影响

采用浸渍法制备了一系列的Ce/AC催化剂,以C3H6为还原剂,通过程序升温反应考察其选择性催化还原NO的催化性能。着重探讨Ce含量以及焙烧温度对催化剂催化性能的影响,并用BET、XRD、XPS和SEM对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,Ce的氧化物能在载体表面呈现出高度分散状态;随着Ce含量的增加,催化剂的比表面积逐渐降低,而NO转化率却得到提高;Ce(0.07)/AC-400的催化剂能在270℃到330℃的温度区间内保持70%以上的NO转化率;过高的焙烧温度则会对催化剂载体结构造成严重破坏,在400℃焙烧制得的催化剂具有较宽的反应温度适应范围。     

PVP/(NH_4)_2Ce(NO_3)_6复合纳米纤维的制备与表征

用静电纺丝技术成功制备了纺丝液中铈浓度为0.1mol/L的有机-无机复合纳米纤维PVP/(NH4)2Ce(NO3)6,并优化了制备工艺。实验结果表明,复合纳米纤维随着铈含量的增大单位长度上的电压值升高,推进设备的推进速度降低;静电纺丝液中加入一定浓度的乙酸,将溶胶凝胶体系的pH控制在1.5～2.5可以明显提高纺丝液的可纺性。复合纤维的平均直径随着铈浓度的提高而增大:铈浓度为0.005mol/L时纤维平均直径为366nm,铈浓度为0.1mol/L时纤维平均直径为415nm;XRD结果表明复合纤维中铈盐为非结晶态。紫外可见分光光度仪检测结果显示,PVP/(NH4)2Ce(NO3)6静电纺丝制得的纳米纤维薄膜具有较好的可见光透过性与较强的紫外光吸收性能。     

不同稀土元素对389-8~#醇酸树脂催干性能的研究

分别考察了各稀土元素单独和与钴配合使用对 389- 8# 醇酸树脂的催干性能 结果表明 ,只有铈和混合稀土与钴配合使用才能达到催干要求 另外结合分析稀土元素特殊的外层电子结构 ,进一步探讨了稀土元素的催干机理 只有铈既具有表层氧化聚合催干特性 ,又具有配位聚合催干特性 ,且     

Enhancement of Active Anticorrosion via Ce-doped Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides Embedded in Sol-Gel Coatings on Aluminum Alloy

Ce-doped Zn-Al layered double hydroxide(LDH) nanocontainer was synthesized by a co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) methods were used for the characterization of the LDH nanocontainer. The anticorrosion activity of the LDH powders embedded in a hybrid sol-gel coating on aluminum alloy 2024 was investigated by electrochemical impendence spectroscopy(EIS). The results showed that Ce(III) ions were successfully incorporated into LDHs layers. The sol-gel coating modified with Ce-doped Zn-Al LDHs exhibited higher anticorrosion behavior compared with both unmodified and Ce-undoped LDHs containing coatings, which proved the applicability of Ce-doped LDHs in delaying coating degradation and their potential application as nanocontainers of corrosion inhibitors in self-healing coatings.     

Lower temperature synthesis of cerium-doped polycrystalline lutetium pyrosilicate powders by a novel sol-gel processing

A novel sol-gel processing was developed to synthesize polycrystalline cerium-doped lutetium pyrosilicate(Lu2Si2O7:Ce,LPS:Ce)powders under low temperature.It was found that the addition of propylene oxide(PPO)could promote the formation of Lu-O-Si bonds in precursor,which was beneficial to the formation of LPS phase.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns indicated that the single-phased LPS powder was well crystallized at 1050°C.Microstructure observation demonstrated that the synthetic LPS powder was composed of ellipsoidal grains with the mean size of 40 nm.The luminescent properties were characterized by photoluminescence(PL),X-ray excited luminescence(XEL)and vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)spectroscopy at room temperature.The synthetic LPS:Ce powder emitted a broad emission spectrum centered at about 380 nm,which should be ascribed to the 5d→4f transition of Ce3+.Decay time of the synthetic LPS:Ce powder was measured to be only 32 ns.     

Synthesis of Ce-doped yttrium aluminum garnet phosphor by impinging streams co-precipitation

Phosphor yttrium aluminum garnet Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (YAG), activated with trivalent cerium (Ce³⁺), was synthesized by T-tube impinging streams, T-type vortex impinging streams co-precipitation method (IS-CP) and direct co-precipitation method (D-CP), respectively. The crystallization, morphologies, particle size and particle size distribution of the phosphors obtained under different experimental conditions were studied. The influence of various factors on the luminescence intensity of the phosphor was also investigated, such as feeding methods, volume flow rate, contents of Ce and initial reactant concentration. The results show that the precursors synthesized by T-tube impinging streams co-precipitation reaction transform to Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (YAG) phosphor at about 1 000 °C. The particles are far smaller and narrower than those prepared by D-CP. In the impinging streams co-precipitation system, the luminescent intensity of YAG:Ce phosphor increases with the increase of liquid flow rate. The intensity firstly increases then decreases with the increasing Ce³⁺ doping content, and the maximum intensity is shown at 1.67% (molar fraction) Ce. Luminescent intensity gradually decreases with the increase of initial concentration of reactants. At the same operational condition, the luminescent intensity of the phosphors prepared by T-tube impinging streams reactor is higher than that by D-CP, and the luminescent intensity of the phosphors prepared by T-type vortex impinging streams is higher than that by T-tube impinging streams reactor.     

Effects of Si and Ce on the microstructure and hydrogen storage property of Ti<Subscript>26.5</Subscript>Cr<Subscript>20</Subscript>V<Subscript>45</Subscript>Fe<Subscript>8.5</Subscript>Ce<Subscript>0.5</Subscript> alloy

In this paper, the effects of Si and Ce on the microstructure and hydrogen storage property of Ti_26.5Cr₂₀V₄₅Fe_8.5Ce_0.5 alloy were studied, respectively. First of all, effects of Si on the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of Ti_26.5Cr₂₀(V₄₅Fe_8.5)_1−x Si _x Ce_0.5 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 at%) alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and P-C isotherm measurements. As the Si addition increases, the hydrogen absorption capacities of alloys decrease but the equilibrium pressure increases, due to the formation of Laves phase. Secondly, the effect of Ce on Ti_26.5Cr₂₀ (V₄₅Fe_8.5)_0.98Si₂ alloy was studied. It was found that Ce addition is an effective way to eliminate the effect of Si on the hydrogen storage properties of the alloy. Supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (“863” Project) (Grant No. 2006AA05Z144)     

Microstructure and Properties of CePO4 Ceramic

Cerium phosphate powders were synthesized by direct solid liquid reaction of cerium dioxide and phosphate acid at the Ce ： P ratio of 1 ： 1. Phase-pure and fine grain size CePO4 powers could be obtained by calcining the as received powders at the temperature higher than 600 ℃ . It is demonstrated that the grain size and morphology of the CePO4 powders were calcined at various temperatures. An interesting layered crystal structure and a series of microcracks that cross and occur along the extrusion stress direction on the extruded surface inside CePO4 were observed. The ductility and machinabililty of CePO4 ceramic are attributed to the layered structure. Continuous machining debris was observed on the turned surface.     

稀土元素镧和锶对镍基钎焊料焊接性能的影响

碳化钨(WC)复合涂层是一种高温下使用的有效耐磨蚀保护涂层.在BNi-2钎料粉末中添加稀土粉末,用机械合金化技术制备了改进的BNi-2钎料粉末,并在Q235钢基体上制备了碳化钨复合涂层;采用SEM观察了涂层显微组织,分析了稀土元素La和Ce对钎料焊接性能的影响规律.结果表明,在BNi-2合金中分别加入0.1 Wt.%稀土元素La,0.05 Wt.%稀土元素Ce,并采用机械合金化制备的粉状镍基焊料,与母材润湿性良好,焊接性能有所提高.采用此焊料及渗透钎焊技术可以制备出界面结合良好的WC复合涂层.     

Design of an age hardening Mg-Li alloy and its aging behavior

An effort was made to design an age hardening Mg-Li alloy based on the phase diagrams calculated by means of“THERMO-CALC”-a thermodynamic software. Experiments were carried out to verify the calculated results by melting the alloy and examining its structure and aging behavior. The results show that the alloy possesses a structure constituent as expected, besides,the alloy has apparent aging behavior and over aging happens even at lower temperature. Metastable (Mg, Li, A1, Zn) phase has been identified when the hardness reaches the aging peak. With the increase of the aging time, (Mg, Li, Al, Zn) phase transforms to stable α phase and over aging happens.