动态负荷观测器在全数字6RA24装置上的应用

主要阐述了应用负荷观测器克服动态速降的基本原理和负荷观测器组成，调整及其在６ＲＡ２４（全数字直流调带装置）控制的热带轧机上的应用效果。     

精轧机主传动动态速降成因研究及改进

武钢CSP分厂精轧机主传动系统从2009年投产以来在轧机咬钢的瞬间多次发生动态速降并不能及时恢复,造成精轧机内多次废钢、撞坏机械和管网等设备、连铸机10多次断浇等停机事故,严重影响CSP分厂的正常生产。通过对主传动系统的关键数据进行长期监控,研究不同钢种、负荷、速度下的主传动系统动态速降波形曲线,建立精轧机主传动系统的仿真模型,并对各种动态速降补偿方法的效果进行分析,采取改进措施,解除了因速降而停机的故障。     

影响棒材连轧圆钢尺寸因素分析

本文分析了影响棒材连轧圆钢尺寸因素，根据实际生产情况总结出了圆钢生产中的断面尺寸控制方法。     

基于动态速降双补偿技术的控制策略与实现

简单介绍了宝钢集团上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司1422mm热连轧机针对轧制扰动引起的动态速降所采取的预补偿技术和实现,通过对1422mm热连轧机现状和现有动态速降预补偿技术效果的分析,提出了动态速降双补偿技术控制策略,即在原有预补偿技术的基础上再增加实时的动态速降补偿.在梅钢热连轧机组实际应用后表明,该技术对减小轧制扰动引起的动态速降效果明显.     

棒材轧制中的活套控制

介绍了活套控制的原理及特点;分析并阐述了长钢连轧厂采用活套控制系统的工作过程。     

350mm三机架冷连轧机穿带建张过程分析

３５０ｍｍ三机架冷连轧机穿带过程中张力的建张过程进行了计算分析，讨论了主传动系统静动态速降对穿带建张的影响，有助于对连轧张力的深入理解。     

煤气柜塔节失控速降的教训和预防

本文分析了该厂两座低压湿式螺旋煤气柜——１０万ｍ３高炉煤气相及５万ｍ３焦炉煤气柜各发生过一次塔节失控速降事故的原因，并提出了预防措施。     

析承钢热带宽度超差

叙述了承钢带钢宽度超差问题,归纳和分析了宽度超差的不同类型和形成原因,总结了减少宽度超差的基本对策。     

模块化精轧技术在不锈钢高线中的应用

采用数值分析、有限元分析、实验室试验等方法研究了高速线材精轧变形宽展影响因素及宽展模型、模块化精轧机耦合刚度及刚度模型、高速轧制时咬钢速降控制策略。针对某不锈钢高速线材生产线精轧机组长期存在的稳定性差、收放料型不准确导致的产品尺寸精度波动大的问题进行升级改造,通过高适应性孔型系统、高刚度模块化高速轧机、高速轧制速降控制技术实现了模块化精轧技术在不锈钢高线中的应用。针对爬坡段易划伤问题,将滑动摩擦式爬坡导槽优化为滚动摩擦式三辊导槽,并将精轧前侧活套调整为立活套。改造后生产结果表明,模块精轧机运行稳定,锥箱振动值小于2.8 mm/s,精轧机组出口料型尺寸精度较改造前提高20%以上,最终产品尺寸精度及表面质量均得到了明显改善。     

鞍钢半连轧厂过程自动化材料跟踪系统（下）

2 精轧材料跟踪系统精轧材料跟踪从中间辊道开始,经由六架精轧机、冷却区和卷取区,到卷板秤结束。精轧材料跟踪程序MVFS也是通过其协调计数器处于等待状态。任一程序需要启动MVFS程序,加其协调计数器,由寄存器R_5发送启动信息。程序启动后,从主程序跳转到相应的下属程序,各下属程序为了完成任务,还要调用所需要的元素。精粗轧跟踪程序工作方式相同。与精轧材料跟踪程序MVFS打交道的     

A systematic approach to self-medication in older people

This aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized education programme on older patients' knowledge of prescribed medication. A questionnaire for assessment of medication knowledge was used to collect data from 15 patients before and after an individualized education programme which lasted approximately 2 weeks. Following the collection of pre-intervention data, an individualized education programme was developed for each patient. In addition to verbal instruction, each patient was provided with written information on his/her drug regimen. As part of the education programme each patient also had an opportunity to self-administer his/her medication. The results of the study showed that all participants scored higher in the post-test than the pre-test, although the degree of improvement varied between participants. The average increase in knowledge was 26%. Patient satisfaction with the education programme was also assessed using a questionnaire. Results suggested that there was a very high level of satisfaction with the programme.     

Cognitive bladder training in the community

Following a study trip sponsored through a Cow & Gate scholarship award, the author of this article introduced a cognitive bladder training programme for children with daytime wetting problems. This article looks at how the programme was introduced and describes the components of the programme including educational tools, motivation and bio-feedback. As a result of the programme district-wide, multidisciplinary management guidelines have been introduced.     

Stimulation Program Health Research. XI. Evaluation of the section 'Rehabilitation Medicine'

As a part of the SGO Health Research Promotion Programme a research programme on rehabilitation medicine was realized. Aim of the programme was to strengthen clinical research in this field by training clinical researchers and improving clinical research infrastructure. Three clinical specialists have been trained to become senior clinical researchers by a 4-year training programme, concentrated within 2 clusters of a medical faculty, a university hospital and one or more centres for rehabilitation medicine. As a follow-up to the programme a 6-week educational course was developed for intending MDs in rehabilitation medicine and five intending rehabilitation medicine specialists receive a PhD research training during their clinical specialisation.     

Prosthodontic considerations when using implants for orthodontic anchorage

Between 8 December 1995 and 16 January 1996 seven laboratory confirmed cases of septicaemia owing to infection with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C strains and one highly probable case of meningococcal septicaemia occurred in three electoral wards in south Rotherham and the Retford area of north Nottinghamshire. All cases occurred among children aged 1-17 years. One patient died. The public health response to this outbreak was the largest community prophylactic antibiotic and immunization programme against meningococcal infection, to date, in the United Kingdom. The target group for each Health Authority was 8900 for Rotherham Health Authorities and 8000 for North Nottinghamshire Health. Local logistical factors led to differences in the implementation of the programme by each Health Authority. At the completion of each programme, 8320 doses of vaccine had been administered (92.5 per cent coverage) during the Rotherham Health Authorities programme and 7660 (95.7 per cent coverage) during the North Nottinghamshire Health programme. The additional financial cost of the exercise amounted to approximately Pounds 125000 for each Health Authority. This paper describes the evolution of the outbreak, the decision-making process resulting in the immunization programme in each Health Authority, the implementation of each programme, problems identified and lessons learned.     

Organised cervical cancer screening still leads to higher coverage than spontaneous screening in The Netherlands

In The Netherlands, early detection of cervical cancer by programme and spontaneous screening has been common practice for more than two decades. Both types of screening are mainly performed by general practitioners. Therefore, the question is raised of whether programme screening still enhances screening uptake. To answer this question, we analysed the national health interview survey in the years 1992-1996. The coverage rate, defined as the percentage of women with at least one smear taken in the previous 5 years, was 91% for women invited for programme screening compared with 68% for women not invited. The performance of the organised programme in reducing excessive screening, i.e. smears taken in excess of the recommended age and interval range, was not clear and the effect seemed small. Furthermore, we found that half the non-attenders were 'protected' by a recent smear or a hysterectomy, and of the unprotected women, 72% showed a positive attitude towards the programme. We conclude that even after a long history of cervical cancer screening, an organised programme is still required to ensure a high coverage.     

信息集成在项目群管理中的应用探讨

随着项目管理理论与实践的发展,项目群管理在企业战略规划和发展中越来越受到重视。结合大型冶金企业的项目群管理实践,提出了子项目群的概念。针对大型冶金企业的项目群管理结构,在对项目管理信息分类归纳的基础上,构建了项目群管理的信息集成系统。     

Weight loss in obese infertile women results in improvement in reproductive outcome for all forms of fertility treatment

Obesity affects ovulation, response to fertility treatment, pregnancy rates and outcome. In this prospective study, a weight loss programme was assessed to determine whether it could help obese infertile women, irrespective of their infertility diagnosis, to achieve a viable pregnancy, ideally without further medical intervention. The subjects underwent a weekly programme aimed at lifestyle changes in relation to exercise and diet for 6 months; those that did not complete the 6 months were treated as a comparison group. Women in the study lost an average of 10.2 kg/m2, with 60 of the 67 anovulatory subjects resuming spontaneous ovulation, 52 achieving a pregnancy (18 spontaneously) and 45 a live birth. The miscarriage rate was 18%, compared to 75% for the same women prior to the programme. Psychometric measurements also improved. None of these changes occurred in the comparison group. The cost savings of the programme were considerable. Prior to the programme, the 67 women had had treatment costing a total of A$550,000 for two live births, a cost of A$275,000 per baby. After the programme, the same women had treatment costing a total of A$210,000 for 45 babies, a cost of A$4600 per baby. Thus weight loss should be considered as a first option for women who are infertile and overweight.     

Change of refraction in premature infants after cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity between the age of six months and three years

A community volunteer programme was initiated in rural Jamaica in May 1990. The main aim of the programme was to monitor the growth of children less than 36 months of age through community health volunteers (CHVs) and improve their nutritional status. At the end of the second year the programme was evaluated to determine its effectiveness. The results of the evaluation indicated that almost all (95.6%) of the children were covered by the CHVs. In addition the participation rate was high (78.5%). However, only 50% of the children were adequately covered. Nonetheless, 81% of them gained adequate weight. Indeed, malnutrition levels declined by 34.5%. The annual cost per child per year for the total programme was fairly moderate (US$14.5) with growth monitoring accounting for nearly half (42.7). The results suggest that CHVs can play an important role in primary health care programmes in developing countries.     

Abdomino-anal resection of the colon in cancer of its lower ampullar section invading into the anus]

The special comprehensive multidisciplinary programme for tuberculosis control was used as a basis for planning. The developed special comprehensive interdepartmental programme for tuberculosis control in the region is aimed at involving all services and departments in whom tuberculosis control should be a national, official, professional duty. A multidisciplinary approach to organizing and making antituberculous measures is especially required as antituberculous institutions have the shortest funds now. The programme has approved by the regional administration.