12Cr2Mo1R钢相变规律研究

采用热膨胀法并结合金相组织分析及硬度变化来测定12Cr2Mo1R钢变形奥氏体的连续冷却转变温度,研究了钢的相变规律,结果表明,12Cr2Mo1R钢未变形奥氏体连续冷却转变,冷却速度<0.27 ℃/s时,组织为贝氏体+铁素体+珠光体;在0.27～8.4 ℃/s之间时,组织为贝氏体;>8.4 ℃/s时,组织为马氏体+贝氏体。变形奥氏体连续冷却转变,冷却速度<5 ℃/s时,组织为铁素体+珠光体+贝氏体;在5～20 ℃/s之间时,主要为贝氏体组织;>20 ℃/s时,得到的组织为马氏体+贝氏体。形变加速了奥氏体连续相变,使连续冷却相变温度提高。钢中Cr、Mo等合金元素,提高了过冷奥氏体的稳定性,使连续转变过程中出现了亚稳奥氏体区,提高了贝氏体的淬透性。     

Nb-Ti微碳深冲双相钢的连续冷却转变规律

摘要：通过连续冷却实验研究了Nb Ti微碳深冲双相钢在不同冷却速率下的显微组织变化规律。并结合显微组织、热膨胀曲线以及实验钢的硬度值绘制出实验钢的CCT曲线。结果表明,实验钢的CCT曲线由铁素体、珠光体与贝氏体区组成,其中铁素体和贝氏体的区域较大,覆盖冷却速度范围较广。实验冷却速率下未出现马氏体组织。在05～1℃/s的慢冷速下,组织由铁素体和珠光体组成;当冷速增加至3℃/s时,贝氏体开始出现,珠光体消失。当冷速在5～10℃/s范围内时,获得铁素体+贝氏体双相组织;当冷速大于10℃/s时,铁素体相变消失,此时为纯贝氏体转变。热处理过程中若想获得一定量的马氏体组织,退火温度宜设置在820～900℃双相区较低温度范围,使合金元素充分富集于少量奥氏体中,在随后冷却过程中此奥氏体转变为马氏体组织。     

工艺参数对耐蚀钢12CuCrNiV组织与性能的影响

采用热力模拟试验机、光学显微镜、显微硬度计研究了耐蚀钢12CuCrNiV在不同冷却速率下的连续冷却组织转变规律,并绘制其CCT曲线,同时研究了形变温度和冷却速度对耐蚀钢热变形后的组织和硬度的影响规律。结果表明:连续冷却转变情况下,耐腐蚀钢在冷速小于15℃/s时,有铁素体转变;冷速小于1℃/s时,有珠光体转变;冷速在0.5~20℃/s之间时,有贝氏体转变。控制冷速在5~15℃/s可得到铁素体和贝氏体复相组织。随变形温度的降低,试验钢形变过程中形变诱导铁素体相变现象显著,且伴随有M/A岛生成;随冷却速度的增高,形变诱导相变现象减弱,M/A岛数量减少。与连续冷却试验相比较,形变诱导析出现象明显,其硬度增量为40~50HV,形变可使试验钢的析出向更高冷速移动。     

奥氏体形变对50CrV4钢相变行为的影响

利用Thermecmastor-Z型热模拟试验机,结合金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、维氏硬度计等,系统研究了奥氏体区变形对50CrV4钢连续冷却相变和等温相变规律的影响。建立了试验钢动态CCT曲线。研究结果表明,奥氏体变形能促进连续冷却转变过程中铁素体-珠光体、贝氏体转变,但亦可提高奥氏体的机械稳定性,进而抑制马氏体转变,Ms点由331.6℃(奥氏体未变形)降低至291℃(950℃下变形50%+890℃下变形50%,变形速率均为5s-1,变形后冷速为20℃/s)。当轧后冷速小于0.5℃/s时,试验钢中可获得铁素体+珠光体组织。此外,在研究不同变形量对试验钢等温相变规律影响时发现,650℃等温时,试验钢中发生铁素体-珠光体相变。随着变形量的增加(由30%增加至50%),其等温相变动力学加快(相变完成时间由197.6s减小至136.5s),铁素体体晶粒尺寸、珠光体片层间距减小,硬度增加。     

Nb-Ti微碳深冲双相钢的连续冷却转变规律

通过连续冷却实验研究了Nb-Ti微碳深冲双相钢在不同冷却速率下的显微组织变化规律。并结合显微组织、热膨胀曲线以及实验钢的硬度值绘制出实验钢的CCT曲线。结果表明,实验钢的CCT曲线由铁素体、珠光体与贝氏体区组成,其中铁素体和贝氏体的区域较大,覆盖冷却速度范围较广。实验冷却速率下未出现马氏体组织。在0.5～1℃/s的慢冷速下,组织由铁素体和珠光体组成;当冷速增加至3℃/s时,贝氏体开始出现,珠光体消失。当冷速在5～10℃/s范围内时,获得铁素体+贝氏体双相组织;当冷速大于10℃/s时,铁素体相变消失,此时为纯贝氏体转变。热处理过程中若想获得一定量的马氏体组织,退火温度宜设置在820～900℃双相区较低温度范围,使合金元素充分富集于少量奥氏体中,在随后冷却过程中此奥氏体转变为马氏体组织。     

北极海洋平台用Q355E热轧H型钢连续冷却转变规律

在实验室利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对3种Nb、V微合金化Q355E热轧H型钢进行了连续冷却转变规律测试,研究了冷却速度对试验钢组织与硬度的影响。结果表明:在冷速为0.5℃/s时,组织中开始出现贝氏体;冷速大于7℃/s时,珠光体转变即终止。在中等冷速下,Nb的加入促进了贝氏体的形成,抑制了铁素体与珠光体的形核;并且Nb的加入使铁素体转变区右移。Cr的加入降低了较高冷速下铁素体与珠光体相变点,并促进了高冷速下马氏体的形成。由于受V析出的影响,含V试验钢在冷速为1℃/s时其硬度曲线有一个"波谷"。3种试验钢的冷速在0.5~3℃/s之间时,试验钢可获得强韧性较好的细小准多边形铁素体、少量珠光体与贝氏体的复合组织。     

冷却速度对V-N微合金钢相变行为的影响

采用Gleeble-3500热/力模拟试验机、金相显微镜和显微硬度计研究了V-N微合金钢的连续冷却组织转变规律,分析了冷速对组织及性能的影响.试验结果表明:V-N微合金钢过冷奥氏体连续冷却过程中发生了铁素体析出、珠光体转变、贝氏体转变和马氏体转变;冷却速度影响铁素体分布和晶粒大小;珠光体相变结束临界冷速为7.0℃/s、贝氏体相变开始临界冷速为3.0℃/s、马氏体相变开始临界冷速为15℃/s.     

Ti-V微合金化热轧高强钢的相变规律及组织性能

摘要：为进一步提升热轧高强钢的性能,利用热模拟试验机、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）等设备系统研究了Ti-V微合金热轧带钢连续冷却相变规律、组织和性能随卷取温度的变化规律及强化机理。结果表明,当冷却速度低于1℃/s时,试验钢中的组织为铁素体和珠光体。当冷却速度为5～30℃/s时,基体组织由铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体组成,贝氏体相变开始温度介于580～600℃。当冷却速度增加至50℃/s时,试验钢中的奥氏体全部转变为贝氏体。此外,对不同卷取温度下试验钢的组织和性能研究表明：随着卷取温度的降低,试验钢的强度降低,塑性基本不变。当卷取温度为650℃时,力学性能最佳,其抗拉和屈服强度分别为716和653MPa,断后伸长率达到21.3%,主要是由于晶粒细化和沉淀强化所致。     

Ti-V微合金化热轧高强钢的相变规律及组织性能

为进一步提升热轧高强钢的性能,利用热模拟试验机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)等设备系统研究了Ti-V微合金热轧带钢连续冷却相变规律、组织和性能随卷取温度的变化规律及强化机理。结果表明,当冷却速度低于1℃/s时,试验钢中的组织为铁素体和珠光体。当冷却速度为5～30℃/s时,基体组织由铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体组成,贝氏体相变开始温度介于580～600℃。当冷却速度增加至50℃/s时,试验钢中的奥氏体全部转变为贝氏体。此外,对不同卷取温度下试验钢的组织和性能研究表明:随着卷取温度的降低,试验钢的强度降低,塑性基本不变。当卷取温度为650℃时,力学性能最佳,其抗拉和屈服强度分别为716和653 MPa,断后伸长率达到21.3%,主要是由于晶粒细化和沉淀强化所致。     

热变形后冷却速度对铁索体-贝氏体微合金钢组织演变的影响

开发了0.06C-1.08Si-1.64Mn-0.30Mo-0.039Nb-0.01Ti铁素体-贝氏体微合金化(F+B)钢;用Gleeble-1500热模拟机测定了该实验钢在900℃变形50%后0.5～40 ℃/s冷却速度下的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT),并分析了形变奥氏体的相变组织.结果表明,该钢的CCT曲线分为多边形铁素体转变区和贝氏体转变区两大部分,中间被奥氏体亚稳区隔开;当冷速≤2℃/s时,钢中出现多边形铁素体,当冷速≥5℃/s时,组织主要为粒状贝氏体和板条贝氏体.     

Effect of Deformation on Continuous Cooling Phase Transformation Behaviors of 780 MPa Nb‐Ti Ultra‐High Strength Steel

For the purpose of achieving the reasonable rolling technology of 780 MPa hot‐rolled Nb‐Ti combined ultra‐high strength steel, the effect of deformation and microalloy elements Nb and Ti on phase transformation behaviors was investigated by thermal simulation experiment. The results indicated: the deformation promoted ferritic transformation; due to the carbon content of the experimental steel was lower (<0.12% wt), the deformation indirectly impacted perlitic transformation through promoting ferritic transformation; the effect of the deformation on bainitic transformation was subject to condition whether proeutectoid ferrite precipitated before bainitic transformation. At low cooling rate of 0.5 °C/s, Nb and Ti promote transformation process γ → α, but that not good for refining the ferrite grain; at high cooling rate of 25 °C/s, Nb and Ti to a certain extent promote bainitic transformation. The recrystallization stop temperature of experimental steel was greater than 1000 °C, and phase transformation point A_r3 was 764 °C. In order to obtain the fully bainite microstructure in the practical rolling process, the cooling rate should be controlled above 15 °C/s, the start finish rolling temperature between 950–980 °C, the finishing temperature between 830–850 °C, the coiling temperature between 450–550 °C.     

不同硼含量微合金钢的连续冷却相变行为

 利用热模拟试验技术对实验室制备的含硼微合金钢连续冷却转变形为进行了试验研究,利用光学显微镜研究冷却速度、变形对试验钢显微组织的影响,探讨了硼对转变行为的影响规律。结果表明：适量硼延缓多边形铁素体生成,有利于获得贝氏体组织;无硼及wB=00020%时,分别在1~25及05~25℃/s的冷速都能得到贝氏体组织;wB=00030%时,冷速在2℃/s 以上能得到贝氏体组织;与未变形相比,变形导致试验钢贝氏体冷速区间变窄。在同一冷速下,随硼含量增加贝氏体开始转变温度先降低再升高,显微硬度随硼含量增加先增加而后降低。     

钒微合金化低碳贝氏体钢的连续冷却相变特性

 采用热膨胀法测定6种不同成分低碳贝氏体钢的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线。CCT曲线表明,加入微量硼能使含钒低碳贝氏体钢在大于03℃/s的冷速下获得贝氏体组织,而V-N微合金化的低碳贝氏体获得全贝氏体的临界冷速要高于V-B钢,且贝氏体转变的开始温度也要较V-B钢高20℃左右。在含钒、氮低碳贝氏体钢中加入钼、铬将会促进钢的贝氏体相变,但钼的作用要优于铬;钼、铬的加入可使含钒、氮低碳贝氏体钢的贝氏体转变温度降低至少30℃,且贝氏体组织得到了细化,钢的维氏硬度也提高了HV10~30。     

轧后冷却条件对低碳贝氏体钢组织性能的影响

 为了研究轧后不同冷却条件对高强低碳贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响,采用热模拟试验、扫描电镜、透射电镜和拉伸试验等手段,阐明不同冷却条件下高强低碳贝氏体钢的组织和性能变化规律。结果表明,在终冷温度为510 ℃时,组织以粒状贝氏体为主,终冷温度为450 ℃时以板条状贝氏体为主,前者组织中具有更多岛状马氏体;随着冷却速率提高,粒状贝氏体和板条状贝氏体尺寸细化,岛状马氏体减少。此外,不同冷却速率下,较低的终冷温度均具有更高的相变速率,冷却速率为50 ℃/s时,贝氏体相变速率最大。另外,终冷温度较高时,试验钢呈现出更好的塑性,强度随冷速变化较小;终冷温度较低时,试验钢呈现出更高的强度,但塑性较低,冷却速率对强度有较大的影响。     

低碳贝氏体钢连续冷却相变规律研究

利用Gleeble1500热/力模拟实验机,研究了抗拉强度为700 MPa级的低碳贝氏体钢的相变规律,分析了不同冷却速率对钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明：轧后试样在1℃/s～30℃/s较宽的冷却速度范围内均可得到贝氏体组织,并随着冷却速度的增加,显微组织以粒状贝氏体为主转变为以性能优良的板条贝氏体和马氏体为主,在不降低韧性指标的前提下,提高了强度,为700 MPa级的低碳贝氏体钢工艺制度的制订提供了依据。     

Microstructure and Transformation Characteristics of Acicular Ferrite in High Niobium-Bearing Microalloyed Steel

 The transformation behavior and microstructural characteristics of a low carbon high Nb-bearing microalloyed pipeline steel have been investigated by deformation dilatometry and microstructure observation. The continuous cooling transformation curves (CCT) of the tested steel was constructed. High Nb content and deformation enhancing the formation of acicular ferrite; the microstructures are range from PF, QF to AF with increasing cooling rates from 0.5 to 50℃/s and dominated by acicular ferrite in a broadened cooling rate higher than 5℃/s. The chaotic microstructure consists of non-equiaxed ferrite and interwoven ferrite laths distributed high density dislocations and sununits. The results of isothermal holding show that acicular ferrite microstructure is formed in region of 550-600℃. With the holding time or temperature increased, some low misorientations boundaries change to high misotrentationn as dislocations moving and grain boundaries coarsening.     

Study on Isothermal Precipitation Behavior of Nano‐Scale (Nb,Ti)C in Ferrite/Bainite in 780 MPa Grade Ultra‐High Strength Steel

In order to precisely control the nano‐scale (Nb,Ti)C precipitate in hot‐rolled 780 MPa Nb–Ti microalloying C–Mn steel, isothermal precipitation behavior of nano‐scale (Nb,Ti)C precipitate in the ultra‐high strength steel was investigated by the thermal simulation experiments. The results indicated that defects of deformed supercooled austenite became the preferential nucleation sites of nano‐scale (Nb,Ti)C precipitate and ferrite, so there was a competition mechanism for austenitic defects between ferritic transformation and precipitate nucleation. Bainitic transformation could effectively freeze austenitic defects, and additional defects are formed because of volume expansion in bainitic transformation process, so bainitic transformation could promote precipitate nucleation. However, precipitate was impacted by both nucleation driving force and atom diffusibility, so the peak temperature of nano‐scale (Nb,Ti)C precipitate was 550°C. On the basis of the above theoretical results, hot rolling experiments results showed that when the coiling temperature was 550°C, the yield strength and tensile strength were 710 and 790 MPa, respectively, and the microstructure of hot‐rolled steels was mainly bainitic ferrite, and a large number of <10 nm nano‐scale (Nb,Ti)C precipitates were obtained. Precipitation strengthening contribution to reached 325 MPa.     

B对X100/X120高强度管线钢连续冷却相变组织的影响

 利用热模拟技术（DIL805A热膨胀仪）和显微分析方法,对不同成分体系X100/X120高强度管线钢在连续冷却转变下的显微组织的变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明,对于无B钢,随冷速增加,组织中依次出现多边形铁素体(PF)、粒状贝氏体(GB)、贝氏体铁素体(BF)和马氏体(M)。B元素的添加使得管线钢相变开始温度降低到500℃左右,抑制了多边形铁素体的形成,促进了贝氏体的形成。为了获得高级别管线钢X100的复相组织,无B钢的冷却速度应控制在20~30℃/s,而含B钢的冷速只需控制在5~15℃/s,简化了冷却工艺。     

Ti微合金化高强度热轧带钢组织性能及强化机理

The continuous cooling transformation behavior, the effect of coiling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanisms of Ti microalloyed high strength hot strip steel were systematically investigated by thermal simulation testing machine, laboratory rolling mill, SEM and HR-TEM. The dynamic CCT curve was established. The results show that the austenite to ferrite and pearlite transformation takes place when the cooling rate is less than 1??/s. The austenite to bainite transformation accompanied with austenite to ferrite and pearlite transformation takes place when the cooling rate is in the range of 5 ??/s to 10 ??/s. The bainitic transformation temperature is about 600??. The amount of granular bainite decreases, while the amount of lath bainite increases with the increase of cooling rate in the range of 20??/s to 50??/s. Furthermore, the study on the effect of coiling temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of experimental steel has shown that the strength and plasticity of tested steel are improved with decreasing the coiling temperature. When the coiling temperature is 550?棬the experimental steel possesses optimal mechanical properties owing to the grain refinement and precipitation of nano-scale TiC particles. And the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of tested steel were 742MPa, 683MPa and 22??5%, respectively.