All-Optical Ultrawideband Monocycle Generation Using Quadratic Nonlinear Interaction Seeded by Dark Pulses

We propose and demonstrate a new approach to all-optical generation of ultrawideband (UWB) monocycle pulses using the quadratic nonlinear interaction seeded by dark pulses in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. When feeding two dark optical pulses with proper relative time delay to participate in the sum-frequency generation (SFG) in a PPLN, the parametric depletion effect accomplishes the tailoring of the dark pulse to be a UWB monocycle pulse at a single wavelength. Pairs of polarity-inverted UWB monocycle pulses are generated in the experiment with the central wavelength, 10-dB bandwidth, and fractional bandwidth conforming to the UWB definition by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC, part 15).      

Carrier Pulses at Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

This paper discusses some recent experimental results obtained using special gallium arsenide point-contact diodes for the generation of phase-locked carrier pulses in the microwave and millimeter-wave bands. Several methods of generating such pulses are described. 11.2-Gc microwave phase-locked carrier pulses of about 1.0-nanosecond base duration have been generated at a 160-megabit/second rate. These microwave pulses, which are generated directly from a baseband signal, normally have peak power levels in excess of 0.5 mw. Millimeter-wave phase-locked carrier pulses have also been generated at 56 Gc. These very high frequency pulses have a base duration as short as 0.25 nanosecond and occur at a 160-megabit/second rate. Furthermore, phase-locked carrier pulses have been generated at frequencies as high as 89.6 Gc. A simple method of generating nonphase-locked 0.3-nanosecond millimeter-wave carrier pulses directly from 1.92 gigabit/second rate baseband pulses has also been investigated. The experimental arrangement used to demonstrate the "turn on" and "turn off" principle of transient carrier pulse generation is described.     

Numerical Study of Few-Cycle Pulses by Nonlinear Compression in Two-Photon Semiconductor Amplifiers

Optical pulse compression down to a few optical cycles by the ultrabroadband gain of nonlinear two-photon process in semiconductors is proposed. Recent experimental demonstration of semiconductor two-photon gain (TPG) has motivated this analysis of ultrashort pulse dynamics with realistic semiconductor parameters. Comprehensive material model, including TPG, carrier depletion, linear absorption, Kerr effect, plasma response of injected carriers, and the material dispersion were numerically simulated using the finite-difference time-domain method. Pulse compression down to a few optical cycles is theoretically predicted.      

ROF系统中毫米波生成技术的研究

光载射频（ROF）通信系统已经成功应用于移动通信系统、智能交通控制、室内信号的覆盖等众多领域。毫米波生成技术作为ROF的关键技术,得到了很大的发展,基于外部调制技术、光外差技术和上变频技术的新方案不断地涌现。从ROF的原理着手,研究了整个系统中毫米波生成的几种常见方法,对其优缺点进行了分析,最后简单介绍了ROF的应用领域。     

Pulsed Millimeter-Wave Generation Using Ferrites

A method is described for generating pulsed RF energy in the millimeter-wave spectrum. Low-loss garnets are used in the uniform precessional mode to store energy at S band and radiate at a higher frequency, which is controlled by the total magnetic field. Details are given of a K-band generator which operates at frequencies up to 32 kMc.     

Millimeter-Wave Generation Experiment Utilizing Ferrites

It is estimated that at least 50 watts of peak power at 2-mm wavelength has been generated from 4-mm excitation by harmonic generation in ferrites. This experiment is similar to the frequency doubling previously reported from 9 to 18 kmc, except for some differences in optimum geometry and material. A wide range of ferrites has been used, as well as garnets and permanent magnet type materials. In carrying out this experiment it has been necessary to develop components such as a 4-mm high-power isolator, a calorimeter for measurement of the 4-mm and 2-mm power, and numerous 2-mm waveguide components.     

40-Gb/s All-Optical Packet Switching With a Distributed-Feedback Laser as All-Optical Flip-Flop

All-optical flip-flops (AOFFs) have recently received increased attention as elements for all-optical packet-switched networks. In this letter, we use a single off-the-shelf distributed- feedback laser as AOFF to switch 40-Gb/s packets with a guard time as low as 150 ps.      

采用单个相位调制器产生毫米波

实验研究了采用单个相位调制器(PM)产生毫米波的方案。该方案采用电混频器将射频(RF)信号与基带信号混频后再利用相位调制器产生双边带调制(DSB)信号,经光纤传输到基站后用一个光交叉复用器(IL)分离一阶边带和中心载波,一阶边带经过光电(O/E)检测器拍频产生两倍频于射频频率的毫米波,而中心载波可以作为上行链路载波重新利用。理论分析了该毫米波的传输性能,研究发现由于色散导致两个一阶边带时延不同,码元的占空比会随着传输距离的增加而减小,将限制毫米波的最大传输距离;实验中采用频率为20 GHz射频信号产生频率为40 GHz的毫米波,速率为2.5 Gbit/s的非归零(NRZ)码作为下行链路数据,经过20 km色散光纤传输后下行链路的功率代价为0.2 dBm。     

ROF系统中毫米波光学生成方法的研究

毫米波光学生成技术是光载射频（ROF）通信中的关键技术之一,基于光学方法的毫米波信号已成功用于超宽带毫米波通信、测量、传感网络、军用雷达等民用和军用系统。为此介绍了ROF系统中毫米波副载波的几种常见产生方法（包括直接强度调制、外部强度调制、上变频和光学自外差）,并对其优缺点进行了分析比较。     

利用超短光脉冲产生宽频带微波脉冲

本文讨论了高效率Ｂｌｕｍｌｅｉｎ型微带光导开关的频率特性及影响其频率特性的参数，指出这种光导开关具有产生大于１００ＧＨｚ微波脉冲的能力。最后给出了实验结果和讨论。     

Multifiber Shared-Per-Wavelength All-Optical Switching: Architectures, Control, and Performance

A new wavelength converter sharing strategy for multifiber optical switches, namely shared-per-wavelength (SPW), which employs wavelength converters with fixed input wavelengths is presented. The aim is to reduce switch costs by using simpler optical components and low complexity space switching matrices. Practical implementations of both the well-known shared-per-node (SPN) and the new SPW schemes are presented, as well as the related scheduling algorithms to manage optical packet forwarding in synchronous scenario. An analytical model to evaluate blocking performance of the SPN architecture is also provided. Results show the accuracy of the model in the range of interest for switch design. The proposed architectures are compared in terms of performance and number of optical components employed. The SPW approach is shown to save a large number of semiconductor optical amplifier gates with respect to the SPN one when the number of fibers per interface is suitably not too high. In these cases, the SPW architecture requires a number of wavelength converters higher than the SPN, but simpler, being their inputs tuned on a single wavelength.     

全光交换关键技术—全光标签交换

对全光交换的优点进行了阐述,介绍了全光标签交换的节点结构,探讨了标签交换中采用的关键技术,如光标签的提取、光逐跳分配器和可调光波长转换器等。随着这些光逻辑器件的发展,全光标签交换必定是未来光交换技术的发展方向。     

Generation of Millimeter-Wave Signals of High Spectral Purity

The generation of millimeter-(mm-) wave signals phase coherent to a lower frequency reference or standard implies a large multiplication factor with inherent amplification of the short term instability or phase noise. This effect which usually is of secondary importance at lower microwave frequencies may become a limiting factor in the implementation of some mm-wave digital communication systems. Techniques used for the generation of signals of high spectral purity are discussed, and illustrated with the realization for a low data rate mm-wave satellite communications system. Quantitative results are presented and analyzed in terms of the theoretical time and frequency domain relationships.     

Optical CDMA for All-Optical Sub-Wavelength Switching in Core GMPLS Networks

Generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) is a multipurpose control-plane paradigm that extends the MPLS scheme allowing switching without recognizing packet boundaries. In this paper, we present a novel extension that exploits a new physical layer for switching in optical GMPLS. The proposed extension is achieved through adding an optical code switching layer, or code switch capable (CSC) layer, to the existing label mapping layers. Our proposal enables finer granularity at sub-wavelength level in all-optical GMPLS core switches, resulting in significant enhancements to traffic isolation capabilities for all-optical GMPLS core switches. We employ mathematical analysis to derive performance bounds for the proposed scheme, from both the labeling capacity and network throughput points of view. We use our analytical model to derive several optimum operating points for the network, and show that our techniques significantly improve the overall performance of all-optical core networks     

超快电磁脉冲辐射的产生与检测

本文报道了一种产生超快电磁脉冲辐射并对其进行检测的方法。利用飞秒级超快激光脉冲照射半导体样品，并通过采用一种特殊结构电光采样进行接收，我们测得了脉宽为３００飞秒的电磁脉冲辐射。     

3kV皮秒冲击波的产生

用非线性传输线（ＮＬＴＬ）压缩纳秒光电导开关输出电压脉冲的上升时间，获得３ｋＶ，小于４００ｐｓ上升沿的高压冲击波脉冲。简述了ＮＬＴＬ冲击波理论，介绍并分析了用电容ＮＬＴＬ产生高压冲击波脉冲的实施方法和结果。     

All-Optical Vestigial Sideband Generation Using a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

An all-optical setup to generate vestigial sideband signals based on self-phase modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier is experimentally demonstrated at 10 Gb/s. Sideband suppressions higher than 15 dB are reported with improved eye opening. Wavelength-independent operation over 26 nm is demonstrated. Increased chromatic dispersion tolerance is verified: a receiver sensitivity penalty of 5.3 dB, relative to back-to-back, is obtained after transmission over 2720 ps/nm; whereas conventional double sideband is penalized by 4.0 dB after 1360 ps/nm     

一种数字高精度秒脉冲生成方法

提出了一种高精度的秒脉冲生成方法,依据晶体的温度特性,采用分段拟合的方法估算晶振误差。在不同工作温度下对振荡频率进行时间补偿,产生高精度秒脉冲信号。该方法可应用于低功耗So C的实时时钟设计中。     

下一代网络与光交换

文章简述了用于下一代网络的交换技术,重点介绍了光交换技术,包括光分组交换、光突发交换与多协议波长交换.     

MAC Protocol of a Next-Generation MAN Architecture Based on WDM and All-Optical Packet Switching

As media converge to the Internet, MANs will face new demands not only in terms of bandwidth, but also in terms of services. We describe a next generation MAN architecture that has been designed within Dutch project Flamingo. Based on all-optical packet switching, this architecture supports one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-one communications in the optical domain. Specifically, we focus on the MAC layer of the network. We describe the access and fairness protocols and explain how the all-optical nature of the architecture affects the design of these protocols. We also discuss some performance results that have been obtained via simulation.