食品科学的最新发展：分子物理美食学

食品科学的最新发展：分子物理美食学菜是否熟了，是嫩了还是老了？作料是否合适，多了还是少了？火大了还是小了？时间是长了还是短了？这些素来仅能凭我们的感官和经验来回答的问题如今科学家们已在作出精密的答案——这就是分子物理美食学。菜炒嫩了和炒老了凭肉眼是难...     

自己动手,丰衣足食

忽然之间,通胀了。超市里,米贵了,面贵了,油贵了,连卷纸都在涨。菜场里,青菜贵了,海鲜贵了,各种肉也贵了。一时之间,贵气袭来,席卷了我们的生活。我们的收入没变,但是能够换来的实物越来越少了。     

用面包生产线试烤月饼的研究

本文介绍了用从日本引进的面包生产线试生产月饼后,提高了引进设备的利用率和扩大产品种类,解决了面包生产淡季设备不能满负荷作业的问题,也满足了市场的需求,减轻了工人的劳动强度,提高了生产率,创造了一定的经济效益。     

丝攻的修磨及攻丝润滑

讨论了钳工在攻制内螺纹的工作中，尤其是机攻时，常出现的问题，提出了改进措施，着重介绍了丝攻的修磨。还介绍了攻丝操作中冷却润滑液改进，通过实践摸索，研制了新型的“机攻螺纹润滑液”，节约了成本，提高了工效，保证了产品的合格率，取得了较好的经济效益。     

一类切换系统的稳定性

研究了一类切换系统的稳定性。主要介绍了对该切换系统设计了PI控制器,给出了系统全局渐近稳定的充分条件,并给出了周期闭轨道存在的充分必要条件,同时讨论了系统稳定性的其他情况。最后的数值仿真验证了结论的正确性。     

自动木工机的方案设计与分析

在阐明新产品原理方案设计方法的基础上，设计了自动木工机。完成了木工机总功能的求解，得到了几种解决方案，进行了比较，优选出了其中的一种解决方案，并对其关键部件进行了可行性建模分析，制作出了产品模型，验证了方案的可行性。     

褪去“奢侈”面纱平板放量增长

经历了关键一年的培育,平板电视终于脱颖而出,褪去了“奢侈品”的面纱,逐渐走入寻常百姓家,平板电视在2005年得到了放量的增长,销量达到了188万台,与2004年同期相比增长了379.3%,销售额达到了239亿元,比2004年增长了292.7%。中国平板电视终于结束了漫长的导入期,进入了快速成长     

FCS在染整生产过程的应用(上)

阐明了FCS的技术特点；叙述了FCS的体系结构；介绍了FCS的通信网络；阐述了应用实例；指明了FCSN发展趋势。     

氯化钾三效蒸发工艺

氯化钾采用三效蒸发,充分利用了热能,改变了沿用多年的落后工艺、降低了生产成本,为氯化钾生产开辟了新思路;自动控制系统的引用大大降低了工人的劳动负荷,且提高了操作的精度,使氯化钾生产首次实现自动化;三效蒸发系统的成功运行不仅降低了生产成本还为下游产品提供了优质充足的原料.     

涨时代的机遇与挑战

让价格再飞一会 盘点2010白酒行业的关键词,“涨”字无疑是最热门的话题：方便面涨价了,鸡蛋涨价了,面粉涨价了,燃油涨价了,蔬菜涨价了,食用油涨价了,棉花涨价了,水电费涨价了……很多人不禁感慨：“除了工资,身边的一切都涨了!”     

从二起保健食品处罚案谈对《保健食品管理办法》的修订

为规范保健食品市场秩序 ,对 2起利用宣传资料进行夸大宣传保健功能的违法经销商进行了查处。对现行的《保健食品管理办法》在保健食品监督管理中存在的不足进行了分析 ,并提出了修改和完善的建议。     

Narrowing the gap: Practical strategies for increasing whole‐grain consumption

Overcoming consumer confusion and doubt regarding nutrition recommendations is key to communicating the message to increase whole‐grain foods in the diet. Nutrition communicators may do that more successfully by using four tactics to fashion messages about whole grains: (1) present a positive message; (2) keep it short and simple; (3) keep the message practical and flexible; (4) speak with a united voice. The quantitative recommendation to eat at least three servings of whole‐grain foods daily also must be integrated into national nutrition documents, such as Healthy People 2000, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the Food Guide Pyramid, Nutrition Recommendations for Canadians, and Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating, if we are to be truly successful in communicating the need to increase whole‐grain consumption.     

Book reviews

Book Reviewed in this Article:
Healthy Eating . By Isabel Skypala.
Food Protection Technology. Edited by C. W. Felix.
Food Engineering Data Handbook. By G. D. Hayes.
Manual of Pesticide Residue Analysis , Volume 1.
Toxicological Evaluation of Certain Food Additives , Volume 22.
Interaction of the Chemical Senses with Nutrition. Edited by M. R. Kare and J. G. Brand.     

花生乳的研制

参考国家食品卫生部标准GB2760－81，通过对花生乳生产中的烘烤，浸泡，磨浆的试验，逐步确定了其各项参数，并通过正交试验确定了几种乳化剂，稳定剂的用量及其对花生乳稳定性的影响。结果表明，能够得到很好的花生乳产品。     

Associations between appetitive traits and food preferences in preschool children

BackgroundThe ways in which children eat, their appetitive traits, are associated with their food intakes and weight status yet it is unclear whether they also relate to food preferences.MethodsA cross-sectional self-report survey administered in two Australian cities. Food preferences were grouped according to the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and a summary measure of healthiness, the Healthy Preference Index, was constructed. Bi-variate and multiple linear analyses examined relationships between each of the CEBQ dimensions and between the CEBQ dimensions and children’s food preferences (P < 0.05).ResultsIn total, 371 parents of children aged 2–5 years (response rate 53.5%) participated. The models explained approximately 32% of the variance in children’s Healthy Preference Index scores and 42% of the variance in preferences for vegetables. CEBQ dimensions Fussiness, Enjoyment of Food and Food Responsiveness were significant predictors of several of the food preference measures in linear regression analyses. Fussiness predicted all of the measures of food preferences, explaining a large proportion of the variance in such measures (ranging from 23% to 59%). Enjoyment of Food predicted greater liking of Vegetables and Meats as well as a higher Variety Index score. Food Responsiveness was associated with greater preferences for non-core Extra Foods, and reduced preferences for Vegetables. None of the other CEBQ dimensions meaningfully associated with children’s food preferences.ConclusionsOf the eight CEBQ subscales, children’s Fussiness, Enjoyment of Food and Food Responsiveness predicted food preferences. Some, but not all, of the CEBQ subscales appear to be meaningful predictors of children’s food preferences.     

鱼油制剂改善小鼠记忆作用的研究

目的:验证鱼油制剂具有改善小鼠记忆的作用。方法:按卫监发(1996)第38号《保健食品功能学评价程序和方法》中的改善记忆作用检验方法进行跳台试验和避暗试验。结果:鱼油制剂对动物记忆获得与巩固过程有一定的促进作用,能明显地提高小鼠跳台被动回避反应再现能力和提高避暗反应再现能力。结论:鱼油制剂具有明显改善记忆的作用。     

基于国际经验完善我国“健康选择”标识:以坚果炒货食品为例

为引导消费者选择更健康的坚果炒货食品,本文借鉴心脏检查标志的推荐性营养成分评价标准完善我国“健康选择”标识,并利用《中国食物成分表》（第6版第一册）收录的21种熟制坚果、籽类、果仁/籽仁验证发现,仅有栗子仁（熟）、榛子（熟）、花生（炒）、南瓜子（炒）[白瓜子]、西瓜子（炒）符合饱和脂肪酸≤8 g/100 g、钠≤120 mg/100 g以及至少富含蛋白质、膳食纤维、维生素A、铁、钙其中一种的营养评价标准,剔除了“健康选择”标识原先筛选的松子（炒）、榛子（炒）。因此,完善的“健康选择”标识既能帮助消费者识别“三减（减盐、减油、减糖）”的坚果产品,又能辅助选购富含蛋白质或膳食纤维的高营养密度食物。     

Nutritional quality and price of university food bank hampers.

PURPOSE: Food insecurity appears to be a growing problem for post-secondary students, but little study has been made of the 51 campus-based food banks that exist. In 2003-04, the University of Alberta Campus Food Bank (CFB) distributed hampers intended to supply four days of food to 630 unique clients, of whom 207 (32.8%) were children. The nutritional adequacy of food hampers and cost saving to students were evaluated in the current study. METHODS: Hampers prepared for one adult, and for one adult with one child, were nutritionally evaluated and scored for number of servings according to Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating. Two types of hampers were evaluated: those containing only non-perishable items, and those containing non-perishable and perishable items. Hamper contents were priced to establish the cost saving to students. RESULTS: The study revealed that a student with one child would receive up to 58.02 Canadian dollars worth of food in a hamper that contained perishable items. All hampers met the recommended minimum servings for each food group, but were very low in fat and protein from animal sources. CONCLUSIONS: Because students can obtain hampers only twice each month, the CFB is not the solution to food insecurity on campus. Awareness of the issue of post-secondary student food insecurity needs to be raised.     

国家食品污染和有害因素监测发展设想

食品安全工作是保障健康中国建设的重要技术支撑,其中食品污染和有害因素监测又是食品安全工作中最为重要的技术基础。该项监测在我国开展已超过20年,获得了2 400万条监测数据,在了解我国食品安全现状、掌握污染发展变化趋势、服务风险评估和标准制定/修订等食品安全风险管理,发现风险等方面发挥了巨大的作用。但在新冠疫情暴发后面临的新形势、新要求下,如何更好地对监测工作进行提升,并在国家食品安全风险管理中发挥出更大的作用是本文重点研究的内容,同时给出了相应的建议。     

国居民平衡膳食模式的践行——《中国居民膳食指南(2022)》解读

比较了5个版本的中国居民膳食指南,提炼出了每一版膳食指南坚持的健康理念,包括合理搭配、能量平衡与健康体重、三减(降盐、降脂和降糖)以防止慢性非传染性疾病的发生等理念,分析了新版《中国居民膳食指南》的时代性和实践性特性,包括东方健康膳食模式、会烹会选、公筷分餐等理念。在此基础上,基于中国居民平衡膳食宝塔分析了平衡膳食模式的践行。