Preparation of QTi4.3-4Graghite Composite by Semi-solid Casting Technology

1Introduction Copper graphitecompositeisveryidealforhigh tem peratureheavy loadbearing[1].Copperalloysuchasyel lowbrass,bronzeetc,hasaperfectabradability,anemb edability[2]andahighermeltingpoint(higherthan875℃)[3].Itisquitesuitableforbeingasubstrateofhea…     

Preparation of QTi4.3-4Graghite Composite by Semi-solid Casting Technology

The electromagnetic-mechanical stirring technology was employed for preparing QTi4.3-4 graghite composite slurry,and QTi4.3-4 graghite composite with uniform distribution of graphite particles was prepared uring the semi-solid casting technology successfully.The structure of this QTi4.3-4graphite composite was studied and the condition for uniform distribution of graphite particles was got.The experimental results show that there exists a linear relationship between the solid fraction and the stirring temperature of QTi4.3-4graphite slurry.With the decreasing of stirring temperature,the solid fraction of QTi4.3-4 graghite slurry increases constantly.In casting,with the increasing of solid fraction of QTi4.3-4 graphite slurry.the agglomeration of graphite particles is removed gradually.When the solid fraction is higher than 40%,graphite particles can distribute evenly in QTi4.3-4 graghite composite.     

Continuous Extruding Extending Forming of Semi-solid A2017 Alloy

1 IntroductionSince the pioneering work of Flemings[1-3]and hisco-workers ,semi-solid metals and their processing tech-niques ,as a near-net shape technology,have drawn con-siderable attention,especiallyinthe automobile and elec-tronic products industries[3-5].Semi-solid process can di-videintothixoformingandrheoforming.At present ,thixo-forming process has been applied successfully, such assemi-solid die casting,semi-solid extrusion and semi-sol-id dieforging.Thethixoforming processinvolves …     

半固态A1-10%Cu合金流变行为

利用同轴双筒流变仪研究了半固态Al-10％Cu合金的流变行为,发现在连续冷却试验中,被剪切半固态合金浆液的表观粘度随着固相分数以及冷却速度的上升而增加,随切变速率的上升而下降;在等温试验中,其表观粘度随等温时间的上升而下降,大约1000s后达到“稳态”值。     

半固态挤压成型的研究现状

半固态挤压成型是集半固态加工与挤压成型为一体,利用半固态合金浆料的流变性能进行充型,并在压力作用下凝固成型的一种材料加工新技术。介绍了半固态挤压成型的原理及特点,阐述了半固态挤压成型在挤压合金方面的研究现状及其发展前景。     

Filling ability of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry in rheo-diecasting

The effects of slurry temperature, injection pressure, and piston velocity on the rheo-filling ability of semisolid A356 alloys were studied by the reho-diecasting methods. The results show that the slurry temperature of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has an important effect on the filling ability; the higher the slurry temperature, the better is the filling ability, and the appropriate slurry temperature for rheo-filling is in the range of 585-595℃. The injection pressure also has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-filling when the injection pressure is in the range of 15-25 MPa. The piston velocity also has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-filling when the piston velocity is in the range of 0.072-0.12 m/s. The filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stirring is very good and the microstructural distribution in the rheo-formed die castings is homogeneous, which is advantageous to the high quality die casting. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.     

Effects of Extrusion Processing on Microstructure of 7075Al Alloy in the Semi-solid State

A recrystallization and partial melting(RAP) process was introduced to prepare the semi-solid 7075 aluminum alloy used for thixoforming. In order to obtain an ideal semi-solid microstructure, a series of extrusion experiments were conducted to comparatively investigate the optimum extrusion process parameters. Commercial 7075 Al alloy samples were firstly extruded with varying extrusion ratios below the recrystallization temperature followed by homogenization, then these samples were reheated to the semi-solid state and held in the range of 5 to 50 minutes. The experimental results show that varying process cause the difference in the deformation degree and microstructure for as-extruded samples, resulting in various semi-solid microstructure. It is verified that the formation of equiaxed grains in semi-solid microstructure depends on recrystallization behavior of extruded samples during partial melting. Both relative high extrusion temperature and low extrusion ratio lead to high volume fraction of recrystallized area, thus entirely equiaxed solid grains in semi-solid 7075 Al alloy samples can be obtained finally. In addition, Ostwald ripening was determined as the dominate coarsening mechanism of solid grains in semi-solid state for this 7075 Al alloy during the RAP route. The influence of predeformation on recrystallization behavior of this 7075 Al alloy was discussed in detail.     

Rheological behaviour of semi-solid succinonitrile-camphor alloy

Rheology experiments were carried out on succinonitrile-4% (mass fraction) camphor alloy, using a Haake VT550 viscometer. The results showed that the steady state viscosity of succinonitrile-4% camphor alloy in semi-solid process can be described well by the classical power law of viscosity versus shear rate, η= kγm, and the test method can be used to simulate the semi-solid processing for metals. The viscosity of the organic alloy decreases with increasing shear rate at a given temperature within liquid-solid range, and the viscosity of the organic alloy slurries increases with decreasing temperature, decreases with decreasing cooling rate. The structure and viscosity of organic alloy during solidification are strongly influenced by shear rate.     

Numerical simulation on the rheo-diecasting of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy

The effect of injection pressure, piston velocity, and the forming temperature of semisolid slurry on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy was investigated by simulation methods. The simulation results show that these processing parameters have an important effect on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy. The slurry flows steadily in the cavity when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are low, but it is prone to turbulent flow w...     

基于表观黏度模型的AZ31流变铸轧数值模拟

以AZ31半固态合金为研究对象,应用流体模拟软件Fluent对其铸轧过程进行研究。通过使用简单等温稳态黏度模型、Carreau黏度模型、简单连续冷却黏度模型、黏度不变模型,得到了相应的铸轧温度分布、流场分布以及黏度分布,并进行了比较和分析。结果表明：在特定工况下,为保证出口处的合金刚好凝固而不会造成铸轧不成形或铸轧中断的最佳浇铸温度为880 K,此时Carreau黏度模型最适合AZ31半固态合金的铸轧过程。     

半固态镁合金压铸充型过程的数值模拟研究

在考虑半固态AZ91D镁合金充型过程的压力和速度变化特征的基础上,建立了模拟计算所需要的表观黏度数学模型。采用ProCAST软件,对半固态镁合金压铸充型过程进行模拟,预测卷气、夹杂物产生的可能性,以便优化其工艺参数和工艺方案。结果表明,与全液态镁合金充型过程相比,半固态金属充型平稳,模具寿命长,铸件质量好;改变内浇道和溢流槽的设置位置和数量,还可有效地减少铸件本身内部杂质,提高铸件质量。     

Semi-solid slurry preparation and rolling of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel

The preparation and rolling of the semi-solid slurry 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel were researched. The experimental results show that when stirred for 2-3 min under the given test condition, the semi-solid slurry with about 50%-60% (volume fraction) solid and the spherical primary austenitic grains in the size of 100-200μm can be obtained, and it is easy to be discharged from the bottom little hole of the stirring chamber. The semi-solid slurry of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel can be rolled into the given plate successfully. However, the solid phase and liquid phase are easily separated in the rolling process, so that the solid primary austenitic grains are concentrated in the center and the liquid phase is near the edge of the rolled plate. The strengths of the plate rolled in the semi-solid state are higher than that of the traditionally repeated hot-rolled plate of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.     

半固态成形工艺对Sn-Bi合金性能的影响

采用机械搅拌技术制备锡铋合金半固态浆料,研究了搅拌温度、搅拌时间对锡铋半固态合金组织和力学性能的影响.试验结果表明:搅拌速度为320 r/min、搅拌时间为10 min、搅拌温度为145℃时的搅拌效果相对较好,得到了近球形的半固态锡铋合金金相组织,固相颗粒的尺寸较小,分布较均匀.半固态铸造挤压制备温度保险丝的抗拉强度和延伸率与一般普通铸造挤压法相比分别提高了23%和28%;半固态锡铋合金浸润性良好,可以达到温度保险丝的使用要求.     

Numerical simulation on reho-diecasting mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder

An apparent viscosity model of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has been developed and the software Castsoft6.0 coupled with the model has been used to simulate the mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder with the semi-solid A356 alumi-num alloy slurry.The simulation results are in agreement with the practical filling process, indicating that the apparent viscosity model is feasible and can be used to simulate the mould filling of the semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry and can be used to opti-mize the filling process and the design of dies.A higher injection pressure, a higher ingate flow velocity of the semi-solid slurry, and a higher slurry temperature are advantageous to the mould filling of the automobile master brake cylinder.     

Ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface of steel-backed Al-graphite semi-solid bonding plate

The ratio of Fe-Al compound at the bonding interface of solid steel plate to Al-7graphite slurry was used to characterize the interfacial structure of steel-Al-7graphite semi-solid bonding plate quantitatively. The relationship between the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface and bonding parameters (such as preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and rolling speed) was established by artificial neural networks perfectly. The results show that when the bonding parameters are 516 ℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 32.5% for solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and 12 mm/s for rolling speed, the reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound corresponding to the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is obtained to be 70.1%. This reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound is a quantitative criterion of interfacial embrittlement, namely, when the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface is larger than 70.1%, interfacial embrittlement will occur.     

Microstructural formation of semi-solid AZ91D alloy stirred by electromagnetic field

With the help of an electromagnetic stirring device, alloy melt quenching and EBSD (electron back scatter diffraction)analysis technology, the microstructure of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry stirred by rotational electromagnetic field under different stirring power conditions has been studied. The results show that the size of primary α-Mg phase is reduced obviously when the solidifying alloy melt is stirred by rotational electromagnetic field, moreover, the primary α-Mg grains are changed to fine rosette grains or spherical grains which are proved to belong to the different grains in three-dimension by the EBSD analysis technology. The results also show that the stirring power is an important processing parameter in the preparation of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry. The larger the stirring power, the finer the primary α-Mg grains, the less the rosette primary α-Mg grains, and the more the spherical primary α-Mg grains. Theoretical analysis indicates that a stronger flow motion leads to a more even temperature field and solute field and a stronger man-made temperature fluctuation in the alloy melt so that the specially fine rosette and/or spherical primary α-Mg grains are formed in the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680°C and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680°C, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.     

亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相形貌分形维数的计算

利用低过热度浇注技术制备了亚共晶铝硅合金半固态浆料,研究了半固态初生相的形貌及其分形维数和计算方法．应用图像计盒维数的算法计算了亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的分形维数,并编制了相应的计算程序对亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的形貌图像的计盒维数进行了计算．结果表明,不同工艺条件下制备的亚共晶铝硅合金半固态的初生相形貌有不同的分形维数;分形维数可反映初生相形貌的复杂程度．借助分形维数的计算结果可研究亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的形貌及其组织性能．     

Al-Cu合金近液相线铸造中组织演变的计算机模拟

利用多尺度模拟方法针对Al-Cu合金近液相线半连续铸造的特点,建立了描述成形过程的温度场模型、液固相变模型,通过固相率变化将宏观尺度的温度场和介观尺度的微观组织模拟耦合起来,利用有限差分法和元胞自动机法对Cu质量分数分别为4%、4.5%及5%的Al-Cu合金近液相线铸造进行了组织演变的模拟。模拟了上述合金在浇铸温度为液相线温度以上7~25 K、铸造速度为1.5~3.5 mm/s、水冷系数为1 000~2 000 W/(m2.K)的液相线铸造中的组织演变,与ZL201合金的实验吻合。计算表明,当Al-Cu合金中Cu质量分数为5%、浇注温度为930 K、水冷系数为1 000 W/(m2.K)、铸造速度为2 mm/s时,获得的微观组织均匀、细小。     

AZ31B镁合金应变诱发半固态组织观察

采用AZ31B镁合金挤出材,在573K进行28％-30％预变形加工,然后在863—893K经过不同保温时间进行等温球化处理,观察了试样不同区域的组织,考察了温度及保温时间对组织的影响,得到了具有圆整固相颗粒的半固态组织．实验结果表明：适当提高球化处理温度,有利于加速球化过程,以获得细小圆整半固态组织;延长保温时间固相分数降低,但幅度不大,并发生颗粒不规则化;在同一个试样上,由于部位不同,变形程度不同,所得半固态材料的固相率不同．讨论了半固态组织的形成机理,分析认为预变形后,半固态组织形成过程包括再结晶、晶粒长大阶段,受溶质、空位扩散控制的半固态组织形成阶段,受液-固界面张力作用的固相颗粒圆整化阶段．开始形成半固态组织阶段,扩散占主导地位,在进一步球化过程中,界面张力占主导地位．