Requirements on Next Generation Social Networking—A User’s Perspective

When it comes to discussing the future of the Internet, social networking is one of the central buzzwords. The Internet has become a platform where new social networks emerge and the Internet in itself support the more traditional computer supported communication. The way users build and verifies different online networks for communities of people who share interests or individuals who present themselves through user produced content is what makes up the social networking of today. This article discusses general perceived user requirements to the next generation social networks. Particularly, the article presents results of an empirical survey of perceived user requirements to social networks from a group of ICT experts. The survey shows that this group of users has specific requirements to the next generation social networks, and that these can be categorized into high level user requirement dimensions.     

分布式HLR技术及引入策略研究

随着网络和业务的发展，业务系统和平台的种类不断增加，分布式HLR分布替代原有HLR设备成为大势所趋。文章主要介绍了分布式HLR技术的特点和技术优势，并对分布式HLR技术在电信网络中的引入策略进行了分析和探讨。     

ATM网络抗毁和自恢复技术研究

基于ATM/MPLS技术的通信网络是承载宽带多媒体业务的综合平台。为了对承载业务进行抗毁保护,对ATM的最基本的1+1、1∶1、m∶n抗毁保护结构进行了研究和总结。同时结合网络传输层,如:PDH、SDH、WDM、MPLS的保护和应用层业务,如:IP、电路交换、以太网和帧中继的抗毁迂回策略,提出了ATM的多层次抗毁自恢复组网结构,为ATM的应用研究提供了借鉴。     

Application, design, and evolution of WDM in GTS's pan-Europeantransport network

A pan-European transport network must cope with enormous traffic inflation by introducing appropriate network solutions. WDM technology is the solution adopted by GTS, driven by capacity requirements, infrastructure availability, flexibility, and cost. The deployment of this new technology presents specific technical issues, but more important, it lays the foundation of future optical networking. We describe the motives underlying the deployment of WDM technology in the long-haul and short-haul areas of GTS's operational transport network. Next, after presenting the use of WDM as the multiservice platform for SDH and IP overlay networks as well as native WDM services, we focus on the design of SDH-over-WDM and IP-over-WDM networks. Finally, we discuss future WDM networking and management requirements to better serve the needs of a pan-European carrier such as GTS     

Next-generation optical networks as a value creation platform

In this article we discuss the role of the next-generation optical networks and introduce enabling technologies that support network evolution. The role of networks is undergoing change and is becoming a platform for value creation. In addition to providing new services, networks have to accommodate steady traffic growth and guarantee profitability. We envision a next-generation optical network as the combination of an all-optical core and an adaptive shell operated by intelligent control and management software suites. Possible technological innovations are introduced in devices, transmission technologies, nodes, and networking software, which will contribute to attain a flexible and cost-effective next-generation optical network. New values will be created by the new services provided through these networks, which will change the ways we do businesses and go about our private lives.     

Service management in multiparty active networks

Active networking is an expanding field of research. It includes the ability to easily install and modify customized network services and to process packets within the network in a customized way. This article addresses the question of how the benefits of active networking can be exploited in an environment where a large number of customers must share a common network infrastructure. We introduce a management framework for active networks that allows customers to deploy and manage their own active services in a provider domain. The key concept in our framework is the virtual active network. From the customer perspective, the VAN represents an environment in which the customer can install, run, and manage active services without interaction with the VAN provider. From the VAN provider perspective, the VAN represents the object of resource partitioning and customer isolation. Active networking combined with the VAN concept allows for new business models in the telecom industry     

Community aware network security and a DDoS response system

Due to the considerable growth of Internet as well as its usage as a commercial platform, attacks against networks such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, have emerged, with victims even among prestigious commercial sites. Such attacks in traditional networking are difficult to recognize and to handle. Managing them requires a network that can dynamically detect, share info, respond to event-triggered requests and proactively secure itself. We present here a community aware network security as well as hands on experience with a specific threat i.e. a DDoS scenario and attack response system approach. We demonstrate the dynamicity and flexibility of the community-aware networks in dealing with this kind of threats. The implementation is based on agent-enabled active networks and makes heavy use of the mobile agent technology in order to asynchronously respond to critical situations. Finally we comment on the pros and cons of our approach and discuss future directions that could be followed.     

Architecting the services optical network

In this new millennium, the most valuable commodity will be information, as seen by the surge in demand for faster access technologies such as cable modems, xDSL, and wireless data. The tremendous growth in data traffic, particularly that associated with the Internet, is changing the way it is carried over public and private networks. Together with the rapid advances in optical networking technology and the spawning of a new category of wavelength services stimulated by new high-speed data requirements, this is dramatically changing network architectures and the relationship between network service providers and their customers. Incumbent carrier globalization and new carrier entry require support for a broader set of business models and range of service interfaces. The growth and expansion of networks imply a greater need for more scalable solutions and more automation for network maintenance. An intelligent optical core optimized for service optical networking, the services optical network, needs to take the best aspects of both the transport and data networking domains to meet the above needs. This article focuses on architecting the services optical network to meet the challenges of optical data networking, and includes a snapshot of supporting standardization activities     

Improving Delay and Jitter Performance in Wireless Mesh Networks for Mobile IPTV Services

Wireless mesh networking has recently emerged as a promising technology for the next-generation wireless networks. In wireless mesh networks (WMNs), it is practically attractive to support the low-cost quality-of-service (QoS) guaranteed mobile TV service. To meet this need, our study addresses how to improve the delay and jitter performance of mobile IPTV services over IEEE 802.11 based WMN. Particularly, we first discuss the adaptation of IEEE 802.11 MAC layer to construct a WMN with emphasis on mobile IPTV service; we then develop an enhanced version of Guaranteed-Rate (GR) packet scheduling algorithm, namely virtual reserved rate GR (VRR-GR), to further reduce the delay and suppress the jitter in multiservice network environment. Simulation results show that our proposed approach can satisfyingly prioritize mobile IPTV services in WMN, while providing non-IPTV services with what they need as well.      

Using distributed object technologies in telecommunications networkmanagement

The Telecommunications Management Network (TMN) has been developed as the framework to support administrations in managing telecommunications networks. It suggests the use of OSI Systems Management (OSI-SM) as the technology for management information exchanges. Distributed object technologies, such as the Common Object Request Broker architecture (CORBA), address the use of software application program interfaces (APIs) in addition to interoperable protocols. Their use in TMN has been the subject of intensive research in previous years, with most approaches focusing on interoperability aspects with OSI-SM. We examine the issues behind using distributed object technologies in TMN via a native fashion, with network elements supporting distributed objects directly, e.g., a “CORBA to the switch” approach. The proposed solution tries to maintain the full OSI-SM expressive power in a way that other solutions have not attempted before. Performance and scalability issues are considered, while the approach has been validated through implementation     

Frame relay and ATM interworking

Frame relay has proven to be a very successful wide area networking service, and ATM is gaining momentum in the industry to become the preferred common backbone technology for supporting a wide variety of network services, including native ATM cell relay service and frame relay service. In the years ahead, ATM is poised to become the dominant networking technology. Since frame relay and cell relay services will coexist for a long time to come, it is imperative that the network and service interworking specifications be defined and implemented. This article focuses on the topic of frame relay and ATM cell relay service and network interworking. The authors provide the rationale, the standards-based methodology, the major open issues, and a likely evolution scenario for the interworking of frame relay and ATM cell relay networks and services     

MSTP内嵌RPR技术在城域网中的组网应用

由于网络电视(IPTV)、3G业务的开展,网络业务呈现多样化,对业务的可靠承载传送和带宽的高效利用提出了更高的要求,需要通过技术手段加以解决.利用多业务传送节点(MSTP)内嵌弹性分组环(RPR)技术所具有的业务分类传送、快速保护倒换、公平接入机制及高效带宽利用的特点,在城域网组网中实现了快速提供大客户专线业务、IPTV业务的有保障传送和3G接入传输网建设的最优化等应用.该技术已被中兴通讯在城域网组网中进行商用.MSTP内嵌RPR技术适合当前IPTV、3G建网应用,可实现不同类型业务综合应用的高效可靠传送.     

Narrowband and broadband infrastructure design for wirelessnetworks

There has been an explosion in the number of wireless subscribers. A number of air interface technologies, such as GSM, TDMA and CDMA, are available to wireless service providers for offering wireless services. In addition, a variety of networking technologies, such as STM, ATM and frame relay, are available to the wireless services provider for designing their infrastructure networks. The abundant choice of technologies, and their associated capabilities and costs, creates a need for network design tools which can help vendors and wireless service providers to understand the economics of investing in different technologies. This article is concerned with the design of narrowband and broadband infrastructure networks for wireless access. The article first describes the different technology alternatives and tariff structures and their impact on wireless infrastructure network design. The general infrastructure design problem is then stated and a solution methodology outlined. Examples of the economic trade-offs involved in narrowband and broadband networking technologies are also presented     

Wireless ATM—an overview

This paper sketches the requirements and possibilities of wireless ATM in local area networks. Because of the wide range of services supported by ATM networks, ATM technology is expected to become the dominant networking technology in the medium term for both public infrastructure networks and for local area networks. ATM infrastructure can support all types of services, from time-sensitive voice communications and desk-top multi-media conferencing, to bursty transaction processing and LAN traffic. Extending the ATM infrastructure with a wireless access mechanism meets the needs of those users and customers that want a unified, end-to-end networking infrastructure with high-performance, consistent service characteristics. The paper introduces ATM concepts, discusses the requirements for wireless ATM, in particular for data link control and radio functions. It closes with some notes on development of wireless ATM research systems standardization and spectrum allocations.     

基于可延展带宽分配的卫星网络高可用性方案

随着IPTV等网络服务的蓬勃发展,以及地面互联网的接入与融合,针对空间信息网络的资源规划势在必行.同时,为了有效抵抗分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击,可用性设计成为卫星正常运转的重要前提.提出了基于网络带宽资源分配的DDoS攻击防御体系,建立了有效的卫星网络拓扑结构模型,并引入了路由状态数据包的概念,设计了相应的卫星网络路由协议.在此基础上,阐述了具有延展性的网络带宽分配机理及其实现方式.根据安全性分析与实验评估结果,提出方案可在有效防范敌手攻击的同时,保障带宽资源的可延展分配,同时方案具备良好的实现性能.     

Distributed multimedia applications on gigabit networks

MultiG, an open research program addressing issues that range from end-user requirements on distributed multimedia applications supporting collaborative work to medium-access protocols for multi-gigabit networks on optical fibers, is discussed. The projects in MultiG are described from the top down, beginning with computer-supported cooperative work. Distributed multimedia applications and application generators are then considered, followed by networking issues, including interprocess communication, transport services, network protocols, and high-speed protocol processing. Testbed activities and future plans are described     

Broadband networks and services: architecture and control

Broadband networks to support a diverse combination of media and services present two interrelated challenges to the designers: how to devise the proper network architectures to efficiently deliver information, and how to realize the control and software infrastructure for end-to-end support of broadband applications. The new networks and applications that represent the future of interactive digital broadband are not driven by technology alone. We should recognize that the true foundation of the future information networking business involves the uses and benefits that it produces. The applications that are driving the information age are numerous, coming from the areas of entertainment, enterprise systems, telecommunications, education, health, etc. The use of client-server distributed object computing technologies is at the foundation of all the software systems that have been designed and implemented. There are still many Issues to he resolved in the application of this software technology, but it is clear that we must rely on distributed software designs to support the features of interactive broadband services. Concerns over the ability to manage complexity and scalability in these large distributed software systems are a common thread and an indication that the technology still needs to mature     

Tutorial on active networks and their management

Active networking is an expanding field of research. It includes the ability to easily install and modify customized network services and to process packets within the network in a customized way. This paper overviews active networking approaches and their management. It is meant more as a tutorial or survey like paper, than mostly undefinite or unpublished concepts and approaches. It classifies different approaches to active networking on various criteria. Furthermore, some applications, or better application areas, may profit from active network technology. The second part addresses the question of how the benefits of active networking can be exploited in an environment, where a number of customers must share a common network infrastructure also referred to as telecom environment in this paper. And it also lists possible drawbacks of the technology. In the third part, we introduce a management framework for active networks that allows customers to deploy and manage their own active services in a provider domain. The key concept in our framework is the Virtual Active Network (Van). From the customer’s perspective, theVan represents the environment in which the customer can install, run, and manage active services without interaction with theVan provider. From theVan provider’s perspective theVan represents the object of resource partitioning and customer isolation. Active networking combined with theVan concept allows for new business models in the telecom industry.