Compact reflective microstrip phase shifter for traveling wave antenna applications

A varactor diode based microstrip phase shifter for 5.8GHz is presented. It is designed for use in microstrip traveling wave antennas where there is a strict limitation on the available space for the phase shifters. To meet all requirements, a reflective type phase shifter is chosen. Such a phase shifter includes a hybrid coupler. A compact branch line coupler is designed to make the phase shifter fit between the radiating elements in the antenna, while maintaining sufficient electrical performance. Phase shifters are designed with different types of stubs connecting the diodes to ground. A phase tuning range of 62/spl deg/ is measured for a phase shifter with parallel open stubs, and 92/spl deg/ with shorted stubs. Insertion loss is in both cases less than 0.6dB. A complete five-element array antenna is built and characterized. Measurements show beam scanning angles within /spl plusmn/32/spl deg/ from broadside.     

The magnetic parameter connected with design of high quality ferrite microstrip phase shifter

It is shown that the state of magnetization of the substrate is one of the main factors affecting the properties of nonreciprocal latching ferrite microstrip phase shifter. Raising the residual magnetization of the substrate, increasing the ratioR(=4πM/4πM _s ) (4πM—the magnetization of the “latching state” of the device, 4πM _s —the saturation magnetization) are effective in reducing the insertion loss of the device, raising the effectiveness of phase shift, extending the band width, and reducing the drive power, etc. Different methods of magnetization are analysed and compared. Photographs indicating the structure and the external form of the device are given and the main performances of single-digit and multi-digit devices are also presented.     

Digital reflection-type phase shifter based on a ferroelectricplanar capacitor

Novel design of an integrated digital reflection-type phase shifter based on a Barium Strontium Titanate thin-film capacitor is presented. Measured characteristics of the phase shifter are compared with the theoretically predicted ones     

Microbend fiber-optic phase shifter

The use of spatially periodic microbend transducers to produce phase shift in single-mode fibers has been investigaed. Phase shift of32deg/mum²of transducer displacement per centimeter of trans-3.7deg/mum². cm for a 1023-μm peroid. Phase shifts as large as 560°/cm of transducer length were obtained with the shorter period transducer. These results are compared with predictions based on coupled-mode theory.     

Monolithic surface-acoustic-wave phase shifter

A monolithic surface-acoustic-wave phase shifter is described. The device consists of a distributed Schottky-barrier varactor junction capable of varying the electrical boundary conditions seen by a surface acoustic wave propagating on a piezoelectric medium. Almost 180° of phase shift is achieved in 55 acoustic wavelengths of interaction region at 54 MHz.     

Woodpile EBG phase shifter

A phase shifter in an alumina woodpile electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) defect waveguide that operates at microwave frequencies is demonstrated. The phase shift is introduced by sequentially adding low dielectric constant rods to the voids directly above the defect waveguide. The addition of the extra rods creates selected phase delay without significantly affecting the transmission performance of the woodpile waveguide. Measured and computed results in Ku-band are presented to confirm the performance of the device     

Balanced distributed-element phase shifter

We present a balanced distributed-element phase shifter based on a nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) structure. Results show the second harmonic is more than 13dB lower at 0-V bias than a conventional single-ended NLTL phase shifter. We fabricated both balanced and conventional NLTL phase shifters with the same coplanar waveguide (CPW) design and diodes, and observed that phase shifting and insertion loss for both structures were quite similar, yet harmonic distortion was greatly improved in the balanced structure.     

应用于相控阵天线系统的C波段6位移相器设计

A C-band 6-bit digital phase shifter is presented.The phase shifter is based on the synthetic design of a high-pass/low-pass network and the all-pass network.The series scatter restrain method is also discussed.The phase shifter is fabricated in 0.25μm GaAs PHEMT technology and developed for C-band phased arrays,and the relative phase shift varies from 0 to 360 in step of 5.625°.The phase shifter,with a chip size of 4×1.95 mm~2,has achieved an insertion loss better than 6.4 dB,RMS phase error of less than 1.73°,and an input and output VSWR less than 1.6 at all conditions.     

Comments on `Quarter-wave transformer for a digital phase shifter?

In a recent publication, Hering describes a method to match a ferrite-loaded waveguide. It will be shown here that this approach leads to erroneous results for most cases of interest.     

High-Tc superconducting microwave phase shifter

The relation between the surface impedance Z_S(=R_S?jX_S) of superconductors and DC current I has been derived to determine the propagation constant of a superconducting microstrip line, and the relation between the phase delay ? of the superconducting microstrip line and DC current I is also presented. On the basis of these analytical results, a microwave phase shifter has been made by using YBCO superconducting thin film. In this paper, we describe the design principle of phase shifter, its fabrication, and present the experimental results. These measured values agree well with the theoretical curves.     

Magnetically tuned surface-acoustic-wave phase shifter

A novel technique for achieving variable phase shift in surface-acoustic-wave devices is demonstrated. By depositing a thin film of magnetostrictive material onto the surface of a conventional surface-acoustic-wave delay line, the wave velocity can be varied by adjusting an externally applied magnetic field. Experimental results are presented for a nickel film on a lithium-niobate substrate, and several possible applications are mentioned.     

High-performance high-power analog phase shifter

A high average power, high figure of merit, X-band, ferrite loaded waveguide phase shifter has been developed. A zinc-doped magnesium manganese ferrite (4πMs=3000 gauss), in combination with a reduced cross-section rectangular waveguide, was used to achieve a figure of merit of 1000 degrees per decibel, which is better than any previously reported mode-free configuration.     

Voltage variable microwave phase shifter

Results are given on the fabrication, test and theory of operation of a voltage-controlled, continuously variable phase shifter designed to operate from DC to 150 GHz. The device was fabricated in a way that makes it compatible with current gallium arsenide monolithic microwave circuit technology.     

Controllable nonreciprocal optical phase shifter

A device capable of producing a large nonreciprocal phase shift and made of photorefractive materials is proposed. The dependence of this phase shift on a number of parameters is derived using the theory of Kukhtarev et al. (1979).     

Compact digital phase shifter utilising negative phase velocity

A compact digital phase shifter is presented utilising negative phase velocity in metamaterial technology. The phase shifter was designed and it was measured ranging from 0deg to 360deg with discrete increments of 60deg. The measurement result shows that the average increment of phase shift was X = 59.28deg and its standard deviation was sigma = 6.64deg.     

Linear tunable phase shifter using a left-handed transmission line

We demonstrate a compact, linear, and low loss variation hybrid phase shifter using a left-handed (LH) transmission line. For frequencies from 4.3 to 5.6 GHz, this phase shifter gives a nearly linear phase variation with voltage, with a maximum deviation of /spl plusmn/7.5/spl deg/. Within this frequency range, the maximum insertion loss is 3.6 dB, and the minimum insertion loss is 1.8 dB over a continuously adjustable phase range of more than 125/spl deg/, while minimum return loss is only 10.2 dB. Furthermore, this phase shifter requires only one control line, and it consumes almost no power.     

A precise digital phase shifter using a phase-locked loop

A phase-locked loop containing a voltage-controlled oscillator (v.c.o.) synchronised to a harmonic of its fundamental output frequency may be used to form an attractive digital phase shifter providing low phase error with relatively simple circuitry and control requirements. Phase increments of 2?/n radians are obtained, where n is the order of harmonic used.     

Integrated-optical single-sideband modulator and phase shifter

A scheme of spatially weighted coupling between two waveguide modes is proposed in which the weights form an electrooptically induced periodic coupling structure that can be moved at variable speeds forward or backward along the guide. The device can operate as an optical phase shifter with unlimited phase range, as a single-sideband amplitude modulator or frequency shifter, or as a polarization transformer.     

Surface-acoustic-wave phase shifter using electrical depolarisation

An electrically variable phase shifter employing surface acoustic waves is described that uses electrical depolarisation of a poled PZT ceramic. Phase shifting occurs in a depoling region in which an electric field of variable strength opposes the remanent ferroelectric moment, causing a change in the piezoelectric coupling and surface-wave velocity.