DVG850高速立式加工中心电主轴的动静态特性分析

针对240XDJ24Y型电主轴的结构特点,在Ansys软件中建立电主轴的三维有限元模型,分析并计算出电主轴的静态变形量与静刚度。结合Ansys软件中的Solid45单元与Combin14单元对电主轴进行动态分析,采用QRDamoned法进行模态提取,得到前6阶的振动特性。分析结果表明:电主轴的静刚度能够满足要求;电主轴的最高工作转速远离临界转速,能有效避免共振现象的发生。     

基于SolidWorks与ANSYS的高压乳化液泵曲轴力学特性分析

以BRK500/37.5型高压乳化液泵曲柄连杆机构为研究对象,通过Solid Works三维软件建立了高压乳化液泵的三维实体模型,并利用自行研发的曲轴受力自动计算系统对曲轴进行了受力分析,得到曲轴载荷的变化规律。选取其中5种最危险的工况,利用ANSYS WORKBENCH和Solid Works之间的无缝连接,将做好的模型导入到ANSYS WORKBENCH软件中去,对曲轴进行静力学分析,得到曲轴的应力和应变分布情况,证明了该曲轴在强度和刚度方面均满足工作要求。同时对曲轴进行了自由状态和约束状态下的模态分析,计算得到其固有频率和振型,并对两种模态分析结果进行了比较,证明了该曲轴具有良好的动态特性,结构设计较为合理。分析结果为乳化液泵曲轴的结构改进和优化设计提供参考。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的高速电主轴动力学特性分析

论文阐述了影响高速电主轴抗振能力的固有特性、动力响应和动力稳定性动力学特性。以高速、大功率的铣削加工中心电主轴为研究对象,采用ANSYS Workbench有限元软件对电主轴进行模态分析,研究电主轴的振型、固有频率和临界转速,获得电主轴各阶频率和振型,指出主轴远离抗振性的频率要求以及前支承的刚度和阻尼对主轴系统的振动的影响。通过模态分析为进一步的动力学分析提供必要的依据。     

对高速电主轴静刚度的测试及分析

为研究高速电主轴静刚度的特性,利用DH3818静态应变测试仪,以高速电主轴为本体,研究高速电主轴静刚度与作用在电主轴上的力之间的关系。使用静态应变测试仪和力传感器在电主轴处于稳定状态时对1.5×10~4r/min电主轴和6×10~4r/min电主轴的径向刚度和轴向刚度进行测试,通过测试得知:高速电主轴静刚度大小与端部变形量成反比。对比分析1.5×10~4r/min电主轴轴向刚度与径向刚度,可知电主轴径向刚度远远大于轴向刚度;对比分析1.5×10~4r/min与6×10~4r/min电主轴径向刚度,可知最高转速低的电主轴比最高转速高的电主轴刚度大。又因为过低的静刚度会对数控机床的性能造成影响,所以提高电主轴静刚度也可使机床的性能得到提高。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的卧式旋压机床身结构设计

基于某壳体旋压机床床身所承受的重力与旋压成形过程中工作负载的作用情况,利用ANSYS Workbench软件建立了床身结构的有限元分析模型,通过对床身结构进行的静力学与模态分析,获得了床身结构的等效应力、变形分布规律与结构低阶固有频率及模态振型;对"田"字型、"W"型及"米"字型等3种不同筋板布局方案的床身结构进行了有限元分析。结果表明,"田"字型筋板布局床身结构具有良好的静动态力学性能,且较好地实现了部件结构轻量化的设计目标。     

基于有限元法的码垛机器人模态分析

介绍了码垛机器人的设计原理和总体结构。利用有限元分析软件COMSOL,以模态分析为理论基础,建立了码垛机器人的有限元模型,选择了码垛机器人3种典型的位姿,并对各阶固有频率进行了分析,得出各阶固有频率下的模态振型。结果表明:各种位姿的机器人的前六阶固有频率集中在15~130 Hz之间;小臂和前后大臂是主要的动态特性影响因素,可以通过适当的增加壁厚或者提高材料的刚度来进行改进;整个机器人的固有频率较低,可以通过优化手臂平行四边形机构来提高整体结构的刚度,从而提高机器的固有频率,改善其振动特性.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的高速电主轴静动态性能分析

以高速加工中心电主轴为研究对象,建立了电主轴系统三维有限元模型,采用弹性支承模拟了轴承的支承,利用新一代的有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对电主轴进行了静力学分析和模态分析.分析结果表明:电主轴的静刚度能够满足要求;电主轴的最高工作转速远远低于其一阶临界转速,能有效避免共振的发生.从而验证了该电主轴设计的合理性,也为电主轴的优化设计以及力热耦合特性分析奠定了基础.     

3352mm四辊可逆粗轧机受力分析与刚度系数计算

为了精确简化轧机刚度系数的计算,本文选用有限元分析法计算轧机刚度系数。通过Solid Works建立3 352 mm四辊可逆粗轧机机架装配三维模型,模拟分析轧机受力零部件的应力分布和位移分布,计算出其弹性变形量和轧机刚度系数。采用压靠法对现有轧机刚度系数进行测量,得到的实测值与模拟计算值误差为7.17%。     

基于ANSYS的电主轴结构优化

建立了某铣削用电主轴轴承-转子系统的参数化有限元模型,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS的优化设计功能,以提高电主轴的刚度为优化目标,对主轴的支承跨距和电机转子安装位置进行了优化计算,并对优化前后的主轴系统进行了模态分析,对比了其一阶自振频率的改变情况.结果表明:主轴结构优化后,其刚度和一阶自振频率均有一定程度的提高.     

双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元轴向刚度与有限元模态分析

双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元具有良好的抗振性、高系统刚度以及快速系统响应性等优点,能够有效地抑制数控机床在高速和高加减速情况下产生的振动,因此其在高速和高精类数控机床中的应用日益广泛。基于动力学相关理论,对双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元进行了轴向刚度建模,并基于Hertz接触理论推导了各部分的刚度计算公式;以实例计算获得了其各部分刚度的比例关系,找到了影响双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元的主要影响因素,获得了螺母位置与进给单元轴向刚度的关系曲线;对采用两端固定支承方式的双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元进行了有限元模态分析,得到了螺母处于不同位置处的固有频率和模态振型。结果表明:螺母位置是双丝杠驱动直线导轨进给单元轴向刚度的主要影响因素,当螺母位于丝杠两固定端时的各阶固有频率明显高于螺母位于丝杠中间位置时的各阶固有频率,螺母在中间位置处刚度达到最小,在实际加工过程中要尽量避免在中间位置处进行加工。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。