Al2O3负载ZnO催化臭氧氧化处理造纸废水的研究

将ZnO负载在Al₂O₃上,制备用于催化臭氧降解造纸废水中有机物的催化剂（Al₂O₃@ZnO）;采用场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对Al₂O₃@ZnO催化剂进行物相分析;研究了造纸废水的初始pH值、反应时间和催化剂用量对Al₂O₃@ZnO催化臭氧氧化处理造纸废水效果的影响;并进行了自由基捕集剂叔丁醇实验,以探讨降解造纸废水中有机物的主要因素。结果表明,本研究成功制备了具有良好催化性能的Al₂O₃@ZnO催化剂;在造纸废水初始pH值为11、催化剂用量为2.0 g/L、反应时间为60 min的条件下,Al₂O₃@ZnO催化剂对造纸废水中COD_Cr的去除率可达到84.6％,与单独使用臭氧氧化方法相比,COD_Cr去除率明显提高,且COD_Cr的动力学降解反应遵循准一级动力学方程;叔丁醇的实验结果表明,在Al₂O₃@ZnO催化臭氧氧化处理造纸废水有机物的过程中,羟基自由基是降解废水有机物的主要因素。     

煤气化渣基Fe/Cu双活性催化剂的制备及其在制浆造纸废水深度处理中的应用

以煤气化渣酸浸处理制备的碳硅介孔材料为载体,通过碳热还原法制备了Fe/Cu双活性非均相Fenton催化剂,对催化剂的制备工艺进行了优化,以对氯苯酚为模型物探究了其催化H₂O₂去除对氯苯酚及处理制浆造纸废水的效果。结果表明,在煅烧温度900 ℃,浸渍液浓度0.2 mol/L,Fe/Cu物质的量比2∶1的条件下制备的催化剂具有最高的活性,对于对氯苯酚的去除率可达96.8%;在初始pH值=5,H₂O₂投加量16 mmol/L,催化剂投加量1.25 g/L,反应时间120 min的条件下,废水的COD_Cr去除率67.8%,色度去除率97.4%,出水COD_Cr浓度63.13 mg/L。     

Fenton氧化对制浆废水中难降解有机污染物的去除效果研究

与传统Fenton氧化法相比流化床Fenton氧化法可以有效降低氧化剂的消耗量,同时可以使COD_Cr的去除效率有所提高。由于制浆废水的复杂特性,Fenton氧化反应存在一定的矿化能力极限,处理后废水很难稳定达标。进一步研究确定了最佳反应条件为：H₂O₂用量为1/2Qth、Fe²⁺与H₂O₂摩尔比为1∶5时,一沉池出水进行氧化处理后COD_Cr由1004 mg/L降至235 mg/L,BOD₅/COD_Cr提高到0.59,并通过AOX值和二氯甲烷萃取物GC-MS分析对比,判断废水可生化性显著提高。在此基础上采用流化床Fenton氧化与废水生物处理组合工艺进行处理,可以满足达标排放要求。     

纳米TiO2胶体絮凝-光催化氧化-砂滤深度处理造纸废水研究

研究了纳米TiO₂胶体絮凝-光催化氧化-砂滤深度处理造纸废水的效果。分析了絮凝剂的选择和用量、光催化剂用量、光催化时间和外加氧化剂等对废水COD_Cr去除效果的影响;研究证实了样品中残留微量纳米TiO₂胶体对COD_Cr测定的影响,并利用砂滤除去。实验结果表明,以用量为0.01%(相对于废水质量,下同)的纳米TiO₂胶体为絮凝剂对经序列间歇式活性污泥法（SBR）处理后的造纸废水进行处理,在光催化剂用量（质量分数）0.05%,曝气并紫外光照射2 h时,沉降后的上层液体经过砂滤,废水COD_Cr从210 mg/L降到43.0 mg/L。     

电Fenton技术深度处理造纸废水

采用电Fenton技术深度处理二级生化后的造纸废水,以色度去除率和COD去除率为主要考察指标,研究不同因素对造纸废水深度处理效果的影响。反应的最佳条件为：反应时间120 min、初始pH值=3、电压12 V、Fe²⁺浓度0.8 mmol/L、H₂O₂浓度0.8 mmol/L、极板间距10 cm、电解质Na₂SO₄浓度6 g/L。最佳反应条件下,电Fenton法对造纸废水的色度去除率和COD_Cr去除率分别达到89.5%和68.4%。动力学分析表明,电Fenton技术对造纸废水COD的降解符合一级反应动力学规律,一级反应速率常数为k=0.2072 min^-1。     

超声/紫外强化Fenton法深度处理造纸废水研究

本研究采用超声/紫外强化Fenton法深度处理造纸废水,以COD、BOD去除率为评价指标,研究反应时间、超声功率和频率、紫外强度、H₂O₂和FeSO₄·7H₂O投加量、pH值对处理效果的影响。结果表明,超声/紫外强化Fenton法深度处理造纸废水的最佳处理条件为：反应时间90 min、超声功率160 W,超声频率50 kHz、紫外光强度12 mW/cm²、H₂O₂投加量12 mL/L、FeSO₄·7H₂O投加量500 mg/L、溶液pH值=5,最佳反应条件下造纸废水的COD_Cr和BOD₅去除率分别为74.8%和75.5%。超声/紫外强化Fenton法深度处理造纸废水具有协同效应,其处理效果优于超声+紫外+Fenton法。超声/紫外强化Fenton法深度处理后,造纸废水满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB 18918—2002一级A排放标准。     

响应面法优化O3/H2O2组合工艺处理制浆中段废水的研究

本研究为提高臭氧（O₃）氧化处理制浆中段废水的COD去除率,以广西某造纸厂制浆中段废水为研究对象,采用O₃/H₂O₂组合工艺对其进行高级氧化处理。分别探究了废水初始pH值、O₃用量、H₂O₂用量、反应时间和搅拌速度等影响因素对废水色度和COD去除效果的影响。为提高最优工艺参数的精确度,对O₃/H₂O₂组合工艺参数进行响应面优化法分析。结果表明,在废水初始pH值=8、H₂O₂用量为1.0 mL/L、O₃用量为480 mg/L的工艺条件下,废水色度为85.7倍,色度去除率为99.3%;COD_Cr达208.2 mg/L,COD_Cr去除率为84.5%。     

Fe_2O_3/膨润土光催化Fenton降解造纸法烟草废水

以膨润土作为载体,制备Fe2O3/膨润土光催化剂,利用Fe2O3/膨润土光催化Fenton深度处理造纸法烟草薄片废水,单因素考察p H值、H2O2用量、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对降解效果的影响,并对降解动力学和反应机理进行分析。结果表明:在初始p H 3.0,H2O2用量2.5 mg·L-1,催化剂用量1750 mg·L-1,反应时间180 min的条件下,废水CODCr去除率达到80.78%;动力学研究表明,该废水催化降解反应符合一级动力学模型,Fe2O3/膨润土光催化剂具有较高的稳定性和较好的可重复实用性。     

高级氧化集成技术深度处理造纸废水工艺研究

本课题介绍一种活性炭吸附+芬顿氧化+臭氧催化氧化的高级氧化集成技术,并将其应用于造纸废水处理。结果表明,最佳处理条件为：活性炭添加量为0.5 g/L,吸附时间30 min,COD_Cr去除率达60%;芬顿氧化工艺处理活性炭吸附出水时,H₂O₂添加量为0.25 g/L,n(Fe²⁺):n(H₂O₂)=1:4、反应时间为1 h,COD_Cr去除率最高可达到32%;臭氧催化氧化处理芬顿氧化出水时,臭氧浓度为10%,H₂O₂加入量为0.1 g/L,气液比为2:1,反应时间为1.0 h,去除效果最佳。该高级氧化集成技术可将废水COD_Cr从180 mg/L降至25 mg/L,去除率为86.1%;达到地表水准Ⅳ类,综合运行成本为8.9元/t。     

絮凝沉淀与生物曝气滤池结合处理杨木心材生物化学机械法制浆废水

本研究利用白腐菌Trametes sp.48424预处理杨木心材,结合絮凝沉淀与生物曝气滤池（BAF）,处理化学机械法制浆过程中产生的综合废水,研究废水回用对生物化学机械法制浆及BAF的影响,探究处理后废水回用的可行性。结果表明,采用白腐菌预处理技术,能够抵消添加2%（相对于原料绝干质量）的NaOH所产生的COD_Cr。絮凝沉淀处理后,COD_Cr的最高去除率为49.9%。BAF处理后COD_Cr最高去除率可达91.8%,出水COD_Cr浓度降至39.8 mg/L,达到制浆废水回用和排放的标准。废水回用会降低BAF的整体效率,且处理后的废水回用于制浆系统,对浆料的成纸性能也会产生一定的影响;回用1次后出水COD_Cr浓度升至76.3 mg/L,故处理后的废水只能回用1次。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press