亲水抗菌聚酯纤维的研究

采用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)与多羟基化合物共聚,制得亲水聚酯(PET)切片,将该亲水PET与银系抗菌母粒共混纺丝,制得亲水抗菌PET纤维,并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明:加入相对PTA质量分数为0.8%的多羟基化合物,亲水PET的亲水性能较好,表面接触角为53.5°,特性黏数为0.591dL/g;亲水抗菌PET纺丝温度比常规PET切片低15～20℃;添加银系抗菌剂质量分数为10%的亲水抗菌PET纤维有较佳的抗菌性能,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌率均大于99%,抗菌活性值均大于2,断裂强度为2.6 cN/dtex,回潮率约0.8%。     

废旧涤纶织物醇解再生制备低熔点粘合纤维

以废旧涤纶织物为原料,采用乙二醇醇解法对废旧涤纶织物进行化学再生,制得再生聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET);在化学再生过程中以间苯二甲酸,1,4-丁二醇为改性单体进行共聚,制得再生低熔点共聚酯(LPET);采用皮芯复合纺丝工艺将再生LPET(皮)与再生PET(芯)按一定复合比例进行纺丝并进行拉伸后处理,制得再生低熔点PET粘合纤维。结果表明:与常规大有光PET比较,再生PET的热稳定性与之相近,再生LPET的热稳定性稍差,但不影响其加工应用;再生LPET的软化温度为76℃,熔融温度为125℃;再生LPET与再生PET按皮芯质量比为4∶6,在纺丝温度280℃,冷却风温度22℃,吹风速度1.2 m/s,纺丝速度1 100 m/min,拉伸浴槽温度60~65℃,拉伸倍数2.9的条件下进行皮芯复合纺丝制得再生低熔点PET粘合纤维,纤维的线密度为4.6 dtex,断裂强度为3.22 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为48.2%,干热收缩率为5.6%,回潮率为0.41%,完全达到FZ/T 52010—2014《再生涤纶短纤维》的指标要求。     

煤制乙二醇制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯及其性能

对分别由煤制乙二醇与乙烯法乙二醇合成的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)切片进行检测,并将切片用于纺丝、染整试验。试验结果表明:两种PET切片及其纤维的质量一致,而由煤制乙二醇得到的PET纤维的染色性能略优于由乙烯法乙二醇合成的PET纤维。     

SA/PTA/EG共聚酯纤维的性能研究

将丁二酸(SA)部分取代对苯二甲酸(PTA),与玉米基乙二醇(EG)共聚制得SA/PTA/EG共聚酯并对其进行纺丝,研究了共聚酯纤维的可纺性、力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:SA/PTA/EG共聚酯的纺丝温度较常规聚酯的纺丝温度约低25℃。随着SA含量的增加,共聚酯纤维的模量和声速取向度降低,沸水收缩率增加,但SA质量分数(相对于PTA)不宜大于20%。共聚酯纤维染色性能优异,染色温度约90℃,上染率可达90%以上,其耐摩擦牢度和耐洗色牢度均不低于4级。     

低熔点聚酯复合纺丝研究

研究了低熔点聚酯切片的流变性能 ,以及低熔点聚酯与普通PET皮芯复合纺丝时的皮芯层复合比、皮层组分配比、切片干燥工艺和纤维拉伸工艺。结果表明 :低熔点聚酯熔体属典型的假塑性非牛顿流体 ,切片进行皮芯复合纺丝时 ,皮芯复合比选择 5 0 / 5 0 ,皮层采用 70 %低熔点聚酯和 3 0 %普通PET ,芯层采用普通PET ,所得纤维性能较好。     

低熔点共聚酯的流变性能及其皮芯复合纺丝研究

对熔点为168.6℃的低熔点共聚酯(LPET)和常规纤维级聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的流变性能进行分析,结合LPET和PET熔体在喷丝板出口处的剪切速率(γ)以及不同温度下二者表观黏度的匹配程度,确定了皮芯复合纺丝最佳工艺条件,并对纤维性能进行了研究。结果表明:LPET在247~251℃下与PET在292~296℃下的熔体非牛顿指数和结构化程度相近;LPET的非牛顿指数和结构黏度指数受温度的影响比PET敏感,LPET的黏流活化能受γ的影响比PET敏感;当mLPET∶mPET为3∶7,螺杆温度进料段LPET为220℃、PET为280℃,压缩段LPET为245℃、PET为285℃,均化段LPET温度245℃、PET为296℃,箱体温度为293℃,复合纺丝所得纤维在95℃下进行拉伸1.3~1.8倍,制得LPET/PET皮芯复合纤维的断裂强度为2.98 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为28.86%,且纤维的皮芯结构明显,热熔粘结效果较好。     

LPET和PET的流变性能及其皮芯复合纺丝研究

对熔点为105.67℃的低熔点聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(LPET)与普通聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的熔体流变性能进行了分析,研究了两种熔体的流变性能和不同皮芯比对纺丝工艺和纤维性能的影响.结果表明:PET熔体在292～300℃、LPET在260～270℃ 时,两者的结构黏度指数非常接近;PET熔体的黏度较LPET对温度...     

再生聚酯及其纤维的结构性能研究

以废旧聚酯(PET)纺织品为原料,加入乙二醇(EG)使其醇解,经液相增黏制得再生PET切片,由熔融模拟纺丝制备了再生PET纤维,并对再生PET切片及再生纤维的结构和性能进行了测试表征。结果表明:废旧PET纺织品加入乙二醇进行醇解再增黏可制备的再生PET切片特性黏数([η])大于等于0.65dL/g;再生切片可纺性良好,所得纤维横、纵向截面均光滑、密实,无明显结构缺陷;当乙二醇和PET纺织品质量比为1∶8时,所得再生PET切片的[η]为0.713 dL/g,其纤维具有较好的结晶性能以及良好力学性能,纤维的断裂强度为3.58 cN/dtex。     

PET／CGP共混纤维的制备与性能

采用易染聚酯(CGP)切片与PET切片按一定比例共混,造粒,纺丝得到150 dtex／36 f PET／CGP共混纤维,分析了共混纤维的染色性能和力学性能。结果表明:在常压沸染条件下,PET／CGP共混纤维的染色性能较PET纤维显著提高。随着CGP含量的增加,纤维上染率明显增加,但纤维的力学性能略有下降。当纤维中CGP质量分数为50％时,PET／CGP共混纤维的分散蓝2BLN上染率达92．73％,分散黄SE-4GL上染率达70．41％。     

PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究

本文主要报导对PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究,并介绍自行设计的纤维弯曲回弹性测试方法.试验表明,用80升釜扩大试验制得的批量共聚酯切片,能进行正常的纺丝和拉伸,以此制得的共聚纤维其拉伸和弯曲回弹性优于常规PET纤维和PBT纤维,染色性能接近常规PBT纤维.     

Evaluation of the availability of easy cationic dyeable copolyester fibers as electrostatic flocking piles

Easy cationic dyeable copolyester (ECDP) fiber produced by the copolymerization of sulfoisophthalate acid groups and poly(ethylene glycol) with poly(ethylene terephthalate) improves the dyeability compared to regular polyester (PET) fiber; this has resulted in a growing increase in its applications. However, there is little research involving their application in electrostatic flocked fabrics. In this study, we investigated the properties of ECDP fiber, and we discuss their availability for use as electrostatic flocking piles and also compare them to PET fiber. The experimental results show that ECDP fiber possessed a lower crystallinity degree and tensile strength, better conductivity and moisture absorption capability, and higher elongation than PET fiber, mainly because of the copolymerization of sulfoisophthalate acid groups and poly(ethylene glycol). The pretreatment and electrical treatment introduced in this study significantly improved the flocking properties of ECDP and PET piles, especially ECDP piles; they achieved a more pronounced improvement because of their better affinity. With regard to the flocked fabrics, the ECDP flocked fabric had a much higher flock density and a lower weight loss in the wear‐resistance test than the PET one and nearly the same good wear resistance as the commercially available polyamide one; this indicated that the ECDP fiber examined in this study could be successfully used to produce flocked fabrics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Analysis of physical properties of PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fiber and its kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis

Cationic dyeable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (CD‐PET) was formed by copolymerizing dimethylterephthalate (DMT),5‐sodium sulfonate dimethyl isophthalate (SIPM) with a molar ratio of 2% and ethylene glycol (EG). Blends of regular poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and CD‐PET were spun into hollow fibers. The fibers were then treated with aqueous NaOH. This study investigated the physical properties of PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fibers and their kinetic behavior of alkaline hydrolysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), the density gradient method, a gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), a rheometer, and regression analysis of the statistical method. For the alkaline hydrolysis kinetics equation of PET, CD‐PET, and PET/CD‐PET polyblend materials: ? dW/dt = KC^αA^β, β values of chip and POY/ FOY hollow fibers are equal to 1. Moreover, R² of the kinetics equation of chip/POY/FOY for a from 1.09–1.35/1.08–1.32/1.06–1.29 were better than those of a = 1. Experimental results indicate that the rate constant of alkaline hydrolysis was CD‐PET hollow fiber > PET/CD‐PET polyblend hollow fibers > PET hollow fiber and FOY > POY > > Chip. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3601–3610, 2002     

二甘醇对涤纶染色性能的影响

介绍了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维中二甘醇(DEG)的生成机理,分析了DEG对PET纤维(涤纶)染色性能的影响;阐述了涤纶中DEG含量的测试方法。PET中DEG有游离DEG、链内DEG与链端DEG3种形式,其中链内DEG的含量对涤纶染色均匀性及稳定性起重要作用。在配料时添加质量分数0.29%的DEG,55 dtex/144 f涤纶FDY的染色一等品率由85%提高到95%。建议采用高频核磁共振仪检测PET链内的DEG含量,可精确控制DEG含量,以提高涤纶染色的稳定性。     

PET高效复合催化剂性能研究

研究了自主开发的PET缩聚复合催化剂的缩聚反应宏观动力学,以及合成PET的结晶性能、热稳 定性、流变性能、可纺性和纤维的染色性能,并与三氧化二锑催化剂进行了比较。结果表明,与三氧化二锑催 化剂相比,复合催化剂可以提高PET缩聚反应速率20％以上,对切片的结晶性能无不利影响,切片具有良好 的热分解稳定性,切片的流变性能、可纺性和纤维的染色性能没有明显变化。在10 kt/a装置上聚合试验,证 实PET切片质量稳定。     

分子筛改性PET纤维的制备及其染色性能

采用分子筛、分散剂、偶联剂与PET切片共混纺丝制备分子筛改性PET纤维,讨论了分子筛的处理和加入方法等对改性PET纤维染色性能的影响。结果表明:母粒法纺丝比直接法纺丝好;对于分子筛与分散剂的混合,熔融法好于溶液法。当纤维中分子筛质量分数为3％时,改性PET纤维上染率提高2．45倍,加入适量的偶联剂后,其断裂强度较PET纤维提高约4％,上染率达到79．09％,分子筛在PET基体中分散均匀。     

分子筛改性PET纤维的制备和性能研究

将分子筛、添加剂(分散剂、交联剂)以不同的比例和PET切片共混进行母粒法熔融纺丝,制得分子筛改性PET纤维,并测定纤维的力学性能、吸湿性能和染色性能。结果表明：当纤维中分子筛质量分数为2%时,改性PET纤维的可纺性较好;添加剂含量存在最佳值,与纯PET纤维相比,分子筛：分散剂(质量比)为1．0：1．8时,改性纤维断裂强度提高39．7%,含湿率提高30．4%,上染率提高7．7%;分子筛：分散剂：交联剂(质量比)为1．0：1．2：0．2时,改性纤维断裂强度可提高62．7%。分子筛在改性PET纤维中分散均匀,并形成了拟网状结构。