20%吡虫啉乳油防治稻飞虱药效试验

１９９４￣１９９５年在福建莆田，仙游县进行了２０％吡虫啉乳油防治稻飞虱试验。结果表明：吡虫啉对稻飞虱有良好的防治效果，供试的三种剂量防治稻褐飞虱，白背飞虱药后３￣１４天的效果可达到９３￣１００％，速效性较好，持效期可维持在１４天以上，对水稻安全，是一种较理想的防治稻飞虱的新药剂。     

吡虫啉防治小麦丛矮病试验

吡虫啉适用于水田、旱田蚜虫、飞虱等害虫，而小麦丛矮病系由灰飞虱传播的病毒病害，试验表明１０％吡虫啉可湿性超微粉以３００克／公顷拌种。可有效地防治小麦丛矮病，其防效与甲拌磷无显著区别，而对小麦的安全性好于甲拌磷，产量高于甲拌磷处理区。     

多虫克防治水稻害虫田间药效试验

试验结果表明，多虫克对稻纵卷叶螟、褐飞虱、三化螟具有较好的防治效果，是水稻害虫总体防治的理想药剂。9％多虫克乳油50ml／667m^2对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果达95．1％，与甲胺磷相当；对褐飞虱的防治效果达93％以上，持效期长达40d，与噻嗪酮、吡虫啉相当。9％多虫克乳油100ml／667m^2对三化螟的防治效果达90．9％，与高效氯氟氰菊酯相当，比甲胺磷提高18．4％。     

吡虫啉及其混配防治稻虱及稻纵卷叶螟

田间试验结果表明，吡虫啉具有对稻虱击倒力强、持效期长、防效高而对天敌安全的特点。在稻虱低龄若虫高峰期，亩用吡虫啉１０～３０克，药后２天防效达９２．４～１００％，而噻嗪酮仅为４７．７％。药后３２天调查，吡虫啉对稻虱仍保持很高防效且对蜘蛛杀伤率低。在亩用１０～２０克防治稻虱适宜剂量下，可混配杀虫单每亩３０～３５克，以兼治稻纵卷叶螟。     

30％吡虫啉微乳剂对水稻褐飞虱田间药效试验

30％吡虫啉微乳剂是一种新型杀虫剂，对多种农作物上的蚜虫有特效。作者用该药剂防治水稻褐飞虱，结果表明：喷施30％吡虫啉微乳剂75－100g/hm^2防效高达95％以上。     

吡虫啉防治棉盲蝽试验初报

１９９５年棉盲蝽发生期间运用吡虫啉防治棉盲蝽。结果表明，在棉盲蝽１，２龄若虫高峰期，亩用吡虫啉有效成分１．５￣２克喷雾，防效可达８５％左右，优于目前生产上应用的有机磷的效果，持效期在１０天左右。     

吡虫啉及其混配防治稻虱及稻纵卷叶暝

田间试验结果表明，吡虫啉具有对稻虱击倒力强，持效期长，防效高而对天敌安全的特点。在稻虱低龄若虫高峰期，亩用吡虫啉１０－３０克，药后２天防效达９２．４－１００％，而噻嗪酮仅为４７．７％。药后３２天调查，吡虫啉对稻仍保持很高防效且对蜘蛛杀伤率低。在亩用１０－２０克防治稻虱适宜剂量下，可混配杀虫单每亩３０－３５克，以兼治稻纵地暝。     

克胜25%吡蚜酮悬浮剂防治水稻后期褐飞虱田间示范简报

针对2008年水稻后期部分田块褐飞虱偏重（前期用药不对路及用了刺激增生菊酯类农药、以及无公害稻田），极少数田出现零星“冒穿”，为筛选出对褐飞虱的增殖、危害具有较好的控制效果的药剂，2008年的水稻后期，我站对江苏克胜集团最新开发25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂进行了田间示范，以验证该产品防治褐飞虱的效果，为今后生产上再出现类似情况，推广应用25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂提供技术依据。     

几种药剂防治褐飞虱效果比较

选择毒死蜱、噻虫嗪、噻嗪酮、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、氟虫腈等6种药剂进行了防治褐飞虱田间试验,结果表明,当前,氟虫腈、毒死蜱(高含量)、噻虫嗪和噻嗪酮对水稻褐飞虱防治效果较好,药后7～10d,平均校正防治效果达到81.9%～92.7%;褐飞虱对吡虫啉产生了极高抗药性,防治效果显著下降。     

吡虫啉防治柑桔黑刺粉虱,蚜虫试验

本文报道了吡虫啉在柑桔上的应用结果。用１０％吡虫啉２５００－１００００倍液喷雾一次，对柑桔黑刺粉虱防效达９１．１－１００％，对桔蚜防效达８５．３－１００％，持效期３０天以上，明显优于水胺硫磷和氧乐果。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。