Al-8.7Fe-1.6V-1.3Si耐热铝合金的固液混合铸造

研究了耐热铝合金Al-8.7Fe-1.6V-1.3Si（8009）的固液混合铸造。结果表明：采用固液混合铸造工艺制备的耐热铝合金显微组织明显细化，室温和高温力学性能明显优于铸造和搅拌铸造耐热铝合金。固液混合铸造坯具有良好的挤压性能，挤压坯具有优异的室温和高温耐磨性能。在本工艺条件下，当粉末添加质量和合金熔体质量比为1时，耐热铝合金中的Al13Fe4析出相粒径可控制在30μm以下，材料的室温力学性能为：σb＝210MPa，σ0．2＝190MPa，δ＝4％；在473K时为：σb＝150MPa，σ0．2＝130MPa，δ＝5％；在573K时为：σb＝110MPa，σ0．2＝90MPa，δ＝6％。     

铸造铝硅合金AlSi7Cu2Mg的T7热处理工艺

研制一种新型铸造铝硅合金AlSi7Cu2Mg,用以替代日本的AC4B和美国的328.0铝硅系合金.对此合金的熔炼处理工艺及T7热处理工艺进行研究,得出最佳热处理工艺参数:515 ℃×6 h 210 ℃×6 h时,力学性能达到σb=320 MPa,δ5＞2%.与T6处理相比,虽然损失部分力学性能,但尺寸稳定性更佳,有利于发动机性能的提高,且热处理时间短,生产成本降低.目前,该合金已用于引进轿车的缸盖生产.     

硅铝明合金变质效果的评定

Al—Si系铸铝合金,如ZL10、ZL11、725合金及771等合金,由于其良好的铸造艺性能,被广泛用于制造各类发动机零件。这类合金总称为硅铝明合金。自从一九二二年法国有人发现加钠对硅铝明合金有变质作用后,在漫长的半个世纪     

高性能铸造铝硅合金AlSi7Cu2MgT7热处理工艺的研究

为适应轿车国产化需要,研发了一种新型铸造铝硅合金AlSi7Cu2Mg,用以替代日本的AC4B和美国的328 0铝硅系合金。对该合金的T7热处理工艺进行了研究,结果表明,该合金在热处理工艺为515℃×6h+210℃×6h时,力学性能达到σb=320MPa,δ5>2%,超过了AC4B、328 0T6处理时的力学性能,且尺寸稳定性更佳。目前,该合金已用于引进轿车的缸盖生产,预期将得到更广泛的应用。     

高强度高耐磨性铝硅合金的实验研究

制备了一种新型的高强度耐磨铝硅合金。采用自制的含有P、RE、Bi等多种元素的SX-1号双相变质剂对该合金进行变质处理。变质处理后,初晶Si和共晶Si平均尺寸在20μm以下;变质处理3 h后初晶硅平均尺寸一般在30μm左右,第四次重熔后初晶硅平均尺寸一般在40μm左右。经变质处理和T6热处理后,抗拉强度为249 MPa,伸长率为4.27%,硬度为108 HB,其耐磨性高于ZL109合金。试验结果表明,这种合金具有比共晶、亚共晶型铝硅合金更好的室温力学性能,又具有过共晶型铝硅合金耐磨、耐蚀、高温性能好等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

固液铸造技术在高铬铝合金中的应用研究

采用一种全新的材料制备工艺——固液混合铸造技术制备了Al-Cr合金坯料。采用该技术获得的Al-Cr合金坯料的金相显微组织均匀,晶粒细小,呈等轴状或近等轴状,热挤后合金的力学性能为：σb=119．4MPa,σ0.2=89．3MPa,δ=1％,优于传统铸造和半固态铸造合金,使难以应用的高铬铝合金有了应用可能。     

铝硅钛多元合金在柴油机活塞中的应用

用铝矿直接除铁电解工艺生产的铝硅钛多元合金，其主要成分为铝、硅（３％～１０％）和钛（０．４％～２．０％），此外，还有总量为０．１％的Ｋ、Ｖ、Ｇａ、ＲＥ、Ｎａ和Ｃａ等多种微量元素。用铝硅钛多元合金直接熔配的铸造铝－硅合金，具有良好的耐热性和耐磨性。用这种合金浇注的活塞，其本体强度σｂ＝２２９～２４４．７ＭＰａ，σｂ＾３００℃＝９５．５Ｍｐａ，体积稳定性≤０．０２５％，均优于常用活塞合金ＺＬ１０８、６     

AlTiC和Al4B、Al3Ti4B中间合金对纯铝和亚共晶铝硅合金的细化机理

研究了ＡＩＴｉＣ和ＡＩ４Ｂ、ＡＩ３Ｔｉ４Ｂ等中间合金细化剂对纯铝和亚共晶铝硅合金的细化效果和细化机理。实现发现ＡＩ６Ｔｉ０．２Ｃ对纯铝有很好的细化效果,但对高Ｓｉ含量的亚共晶铝硅合金几乎没有细化效果;而ＡＩ４Ｂ、ＡＩ３Ｔｉ４Ｂ等ｗ（Ｔｉ）／ｗ（Ｂ）〈２．２（ｗ（Ｔｉ）／ｗ（Ｂ）＝０时即为ＡＩ－Ｂ合金）的ＡＩＴｉＢ合金对纯铝没有细化效果,但对亚共晶铝硅合金却有非常好的细化效果。上述实验结果与中间合金的成分及其第二相的类型有直接关系,即与不同中间合金的细化机理相关。     

固液混合铸造Al-40Si合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用固液混合铸造的Al-40Si合金组织细小，合金力学性能明显优于传统铸造和半固态加工合金，并且解决了传统铸造Al-40Si合金铸件难以热加工的问题。在本工艺条件下，当添加平均粒度为120μm的粉末且粉末添加量与合金熔体质量比为1时，Al-40Si合金中的初晶硅平均粒度可控制在30μm以下；材料的室温力学性能为：σb=119.6MPa，σ0．2=105MPa，δ=1．43％。     

锶钄等元素对AL—Si系合金中共晶Si形态的影响

一、前言铝硅铸造合金,具有许多优点,是应用最广的一类铸铝合金。但对于共晶成份的铝硅合金来说,因平衡组织中共晶硅是粗大针状,机械性能很差,不宜使用,经变质处理后,合金组织发生亚变,为树枝状α(Al)初晶加(α Si)共晶体,且共晶Si呈现细粒状,此时机械性能尤其是塑性有显著的提高。因此,变质处理成为AL—Si共晶合金的一项必要的工     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.