移动互联网下的手机应用产品服务

我国移动互联网正处于高速发展时期,用户规模持续扩大。随着以智能手机为代表的移动终端不断发展和市场的不断深化,手机应用产品呈现爆发式增长,其应用范围涉及了现代生活的方方面面,对人们的生产生活方式产生了巨大的影响。文章简要介绍了互联网、手机应用产品的概念,从手机应用产品服务设计着手,阐述了移动互联网对手机应用产品设计的影响,并探讨了手机应用产品服务设计流程与方法。     

光电技术在纺织中的应用

到目前为止,几乎所有光电设备的基本单元都是硅质半导体,其坚硬的质地限制了它的广泛应用。现在,柔性聚合物半导体为其开拓了新的领域,膜和纤维的应用正变得极具潜力。随着纤维和纺织品在光电池中应用的不断成熟,发展前景将十分广阔。基于纺织品的光电产品极大地拓宽了其应用领域,如太阳能技术产品、柔性光电技术产品等。综述了光电技术和设备,以及基于纤维和纺织品的高性能光电产品。     

纬编运动休闲产品发展趋势

运动休闲纺织产品不断更新并具有与现代高科技不断结合的发展趋势,其舒适性不断强化,功能性不断提升,智能化趋势不断显现。文章以纬编运动休闲产品为研究对象,从材料的应用和不同类型的产品两方面,综述其近几年表现出的产品亮点及发展趋势,介绍天然纤维、功能性材料、节能降耗材料的应用,以及突出纬编结构效应的产品、突出面料功能效果的产品、智能化产品和全成形产品。指出突出纬编产品功能化的吸汗快干、易打理产品大大满足了运动休闲产品的市场要求,突出纬编产品智能化的湿半导体特征、单向热传导、相变调温产品加快了纬编产品的智能化进程,功能化、智能化将是纬编运动休闲产品的持续发展方向。     

胶原纤维在肉制品中的功能性优势和应用

胶原纤维是天然的动物源产品,用途广泛的产品.它应用在肉制品中具有独一无二的功能性.本文简单介绍了胶原纤维在肉制品中的应用和特点,阐述其使用效果可直接提高肉制品的质量.并列举了一些具体应用实例.     

同轴静电纺及其芯壳结构纳米纤维的研究现状

同轴静电纺丝技术是制备芯壳结构纳米纤维较为简便的方法,其产品在生物医用等领域有很好的应用前景。本文综述了同轴静电纺丝装置及纺丝工艺的研究现状,汇总了其产品目前的应用领域,并指出了同轴静电纺丝及其产品的发展前景。     

纸艺在家居产品中的应用研究

文章介绍了几种纸艺包括剪纸、折纸、纸雕以及纸浆模塑的基本概念、特点及其应用。尤其是通过实例分析了其在家居产品中的设计应用表现,为纸材料和纸艺在家居产品中的创新应用提供参考。     

蒙古族动物图腾在文创产品中的设计应用研究

文章阐述蒙古族的图腾文化,对其在文创产品中的应用现状进行了分析,探究了蒙古族图腾在文创产品中应用的相应特点,以此提取具有象征意义的蒙古族图腾元素,结合其传统色彩元素,进行“蒙愫”系列文创产品设计,促进蒙古族图腾文化的传承发展。     

APP金东纸业推出“环保型商业用铜版纸”

APP金东纸业继成功开发“高效节能铜版纸”后．又推出了“环保型商业用铜版纸”，该产品于2012年5月取得江苏省高新技术产品证书，产品编号121101G0005N。该产品的研发还实现了多项核心技术和关键技术的突破，形成“可降解的胶粘剂及应用其的涂料和涂布纸”、“淀粉胶粘剂、其制备方法及应用”、“生物胶乳、其制备方法及其应用”等3项发明专利。     

竹节纱的生产方式及实际应用

文章介绍了环锭纺竹节纱生产加工方式,特别是目前新型的竹节纱生产装置,并对其相关产品的特点,生产注意事项等进行了论述;对竹节纱产品的实际应用进行了简要的总结,并提出相关产品实际生产的具体细节,为企业开发竹节纱产品提供帮助。     

浅谈聚乙烯收缩膜在包装产品(PET瓶)中的应用

聚乙烯收缩膜具有良好的收缩和拉伸性能,将其应用到PET瓶装产品的外包装上,通过对聚乙烯收缩膜的性能改进、产品测试和运输防护,取得了较好的使用效果,完成了聚乙烯收缩膜在PET瓶装产品上的生产应用,并取代了原有的纸箱包装,大大降低了生产成本。     

贵州黔南地区泡制酸菜中酵母菌的分离与鉴定

采用纯培养的方法从贵州黔南地区20份自然发酵泡制酸菜中分离出115株酵母菌,通过WL培养基观察菌落特征,并结合显微细胞形态及生理生化特性,将115株酵母分为17种类型。从每种类型中挑选一株进行26S rDNA D1/D2区系列测定,通过序列分析及构建系统发育树,进行种属鉴定。结果表明：17类酵母共115株分属于11个属,其中30.43%为Kazachstania酵母、26.96%为毕赤酵母属(Pichia)、17.39%为地霉属(Geotrichum)、4.35%为假丝酵母属(Candida)、3.48%为耶罗威亚酵母属(Yarrowia)、3.48%为丝孢酵母属(Trichosporon)、3.48%为Meyerozyma酵母、2.61%为有孢汉逊酵母属(Hanseniaspora)、2.61%为Wickerhamomyces酵母、2.61%为Apiotrichum酵母、2.61%为棒孢酵母属(Clavispora)。     

水牛乳中可培养乳酸菌多样性分析

采用传统分离培养方法,从三品杂交生水牛奶混合样品中,分离出105株乳酸菌,通过形态、生理生化、API细菌鉴定系统及16S rDNA基因序列分析方法对各菌株属种进行鉴定。16S rRNA序列分析结果显示,105株菌共分为5个属8个种,呈现较为丰富的乳酸菌多样性,具体数量分布为乳酸乳球菌21株,植物乳杆菌19株,格氏乳球菌17株,乳明串珠菌13株,食窦魏斯氏菌11株,肠膜明串珠菌8株,类肠膜魏斯氏菌6株,嗜热链球菌5株,糊精乳杆菌5株。由此可知,水牛乳中可培养乳酸菌优势菌群的主次关系为：乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）＞植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantaru）＞格氏乳球菌（Lactococcus garvieae）＞乳明串珠菌（Leuconostoc lactis）＞食窦魏斯氏菌（Weissella cibaria）,此为后续开发水牛乳中优势乳酸菌资源提供了良好的理论基础。     

Effects of Vacuum Packaging and Potassium Sorbate on Yield, Yeast and Mold Growth, and Quality of Dry-Cured Hams

Two trials were conducted. In the first trial hams were cured by a standard process and aged 1 month at 24°C. Group I hams were not packaged or treated. Group II hams were vacuum packaged and Group III hams were dipped in a 2.5% potassium sorbate solution and also vacuum packaged. All hams were examined after 1 month and the treated group was dipped in a 5% sorbate solution, vacuum packaged and aged an additional 2 months. Vacuum packaging practically eliminated further weight loss while potassium sorbate reduced but did not eliminate mold growth. In the second trial hams were again cured by a standard process and aged at 24°C until they were officially country hams (18% weight loss). Group I hams were not treated whereas group II hams were dipped in a 10% potassium sorbate solution. All were vacuum packaged. After aging one month they were unpacked, weighed, and examined for molds. No significant weight loss had occurred but mold counts were lower in the dipped group. The dipping procedure was reversed so that group I hams were treated and group II hams were not treated. All hams were again vacuum packaged and held a second month. No additional weight loss was noted. Mold growth, though not eliminated, was minimal, and visual and aroma scores for the cut hams were similar and highly acceptable. Tenderness, flavor, saltiness, and overall satisfaction scores for cooked slices were similar and highly acceptable. In general, mold growth can be greatly reduced by the use of potassium sorbate and weight loss can be controlled by vacuum packaging.     

Temperatures and ages of boxed beef packed and distributed in Canada

Boxes of beef were examined when product was packed and when boxes were loaded out of five packing plants, when boxes were loaded into and loaded out of seven refrigerated warehouses, and when boxes were received and opened at 21 retail stores. At each stage of handling at each facility, the boxes to be examined were selected at random. For each selected box, the temperature of product at the centre of the box was measured, and the date of packing and the plant of origin were noted. When cuts were packed, the minimum, median and maximum temperatures were about 2, 6 and 18 °C, respectively. Temperatures were successively lower when boxes were loaded out of packing plants, into warehouses and out of warehouses. When loaded out of warehouses, the minimum, median and maximum temperatures were about −2, 1 and 8 °C, respectively. The ranges of temperatures were similar, but the median temperatures were about 2 or 1.5 °C, respectively, when boxes were received at or were opened at retail stores. At packing plants and warehouses, the temperatures of manufacturing and ground beef were lower than those of cuts, but at the retail store the temperatures of all types of product were similar. When boxes were opened at retail stores, the minimum, median and maximum ages of cuts were about 2, 20 and 130 days, respectively; and the corresponding ages for manufacturing and ground beef were 2, 7 and 56 days, respectively. The data indicate that boxed beef is generally cooled to and maintained at temperatures within the range sought by the meat industry. However, cooling to chiller temperatures of product that is packed while warm can take several days; and some product is held for times that are excessive in view of the temperatures of boxed beef.     

大豆蛋白水解物中肽分子分布的研究

研究采用超滤法与凝胶过滤色谱（GFC）相结合实验方法就大豆蛋白酶解产物寡肽混合物的分子量的分布状况进行了测定,研究结果表明,木瓜蛋白酶与Asl.398蛋白酶的酶解物中以分子量在1000D以下的小肽为主：木瓜蛋白酶解产物中分子量1000D以下的占63.9%,1000-2000D之间的4.64%,2000-4000D之间的占8.21%,4000-10000D之间的占8.20%,分子量10000D以上的占15%;Asl.398蛋白酶酶解物中分子量1000D以下的占72.1%,1000D-2000D的占6.42%,2000D-4000D之间的占2.5%,4000-10000D之间的占3.92%,10000D以上的占15%。     

新疆乳品中乳酸菌的多样性及耐药性分析

从新疆北部地区采集的样品中分离出103株乳酸菌并进行生理生化表型鉴定,对这些乳酸菌进行16S rRNA基因序列测序,构建系统发育树发现分离的乳酸菌主要为5个属分别为乳杆菌属、肠球菌属、乳球菌属、魏斯式菌属、明串珠菌属。采用纸片扩散法（K-B）研究不同属中不同乳酸菌对8种常见抗生素的耐药性分析。耐药性研究表明,分别有6株对链霉素、新霉素有耐药性,5株对红霉素有耐药性,7株对卡那霉素有耐药性,8株全部对萘啶酸具有耐药性,4株对万古霉素、四环素具有耐药性,2株对头孢唑肟存在耐药性。     

Sensitivity of Methods of Variance Component Estimation to Culling Type of Selection

Two pseudoexpectation methods of variance component estimation were examined for selection bias from culling and were compared with Henderson's simple method and restricted maximum likelihood. Milk yield data were simulated for 100 herds, 50 sires, and approximately 2000 cows per replicate. Heritability was .25, and repeatability was .50. Each cow had two records. Twenty replicates were made. Two data sets were created; one was unselected and included both records of the cow, and the second excluded second records of cows with first records below the herd mean. Sire, cow, and error variances were estimated according to a mixed model that included fixed herd, parity, and random sire, cow, and error effects. Estimates of sire, cow, and error variances and heritability and repeatability were unbiased and were similar for all methods for unselected data. For selected data, sire and cow variances were overestimated and error variances were underestimated with Henderson's simple method and the pseudoexpectation methods. Accordingly, heritabilities and repeatabilities were overestimated. Biases were greatest for Henderson's simple method and differences between the two pseudoexpectation methods were small. With restricted maximum likelihood, sire variances were unbiased but error variances were slightly overestimated and cow variances underestimated. Use of restricted maximum likelihood is preferred with selected data.     

Outcome of clinical mastitis in dairy heifers assessed by reexamination of cases one month after treatment

Heifers that were treated for clinical mastitis prior to parturition or within 14 d postpartum were reexamined approximately 1 mo after treatment. Clinical examination of the heifers and microbiological examination of quarter milk samples were carried out on both occasions. Of the 1000 heifers included in the study, 10.9% were culled within 28 d after treatment. Udder damage caused by mastitis was the only or main reason for culling in 96% of those heifers. In comparison, 4.5% of nonmastitic heifers from the same herds were culled within 30 d postpartum. Twenty-five percent of those heifers that were not culled at d 28 after treatment had at least one nonfunctional quarter at that time. One thousand one hundred twenty-two quarters that were clinically affected at the time of treatment were reexamined; 22% were nonfunctional, 14% were still affected by clinical mastitis, 12% had subclinical mastitis, 5% had a latent infection with coagulase-positive staphylococci or Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and 46% were bacteriologically negative and had a normal cell count at the time of reexamination. High percentages of nonfunctional quarters were observed among those quarters that were infected with Arcanobacterium pyogenes or with coagulase-positive staphylococci at treatment. When all quarters that were clinically affected at treatment were considered, 40% of quarters were cured and were still in lactation at reexamination. Quarters infected with coagulase-negative staphylococci had a higher cure rate than quarters infected with other organisms. At reexamination, clinical signs of thelitis were observed in many of those quarters that were nonfunctional following the episode of clinical mastitis and also in 25% of lactating quarters in which clinical mastitis persisted.     

基于UPLC-MS/MS的3个李品种果实初生代谢物分析

以蜂糖李、空心李和脆红李果实为试材,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术对其初生代谢物进行定性和定量分析;并通过主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析和样本相关性分析等方法,比较各品种之间的差异代谢物,及通过京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析,解析代谢通路之间的差异。结果表明：3个李品种果实共检测到12类307种代谢物,主要包括氨基酸及其衍生物、核苷酸及其衍生物、有机酸、糖类、醇类、游离脂肪酸等代谢物。蜂糖李与脆红李之间的差异代谢物有70种,其中43种物质相对含量上调,27种下调,分别占61.43%和38.57%;差异显著的代谢途径有5条,分别是代谢通路、氨基酰-tRNA生物合成通路、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成通路、硫代葡萄糖苷的生物合成通路和赖氨酸降解通路。蜂糖李与空心李之间的差异代谢物有96种,其中84种物质上调和12种物质下调,分别占87.50%和12.50%;差异显著的代谢途径有1条为色氨酸代谢通路。空心李与脆红李之间共检测到75种差异代谢物,其中19种上调,56种下调,分别占比为25.33%和74.67%;差异显著代谢途径有2条分别是嘌呤代谢通路和硫代葡萄糖苷生物合成通路。     

芦苇叶类黄酮高效液相色谱分析

目的：分析芦苇叶类黄酮的组分。方法：制备芦苇叶类黄酮提取浓缩过程中形成的析出物和浓缩液再经大孔树脂纯化后产生的初纯物,优化两种样品中类黄酮苷转化为苷元的水解条件,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定两种样品和其水解样品类黄酮的组分。结果：析出物和初纯物的总黄酮含量分别为57.1%和18.5%,酸浓度1.4mol/L、温度80～90℃条件下水解4h可获得相对最好的水解效果;HPLC测定表明,析出物含32种组分,其中7种得到确定,初纯物含22种组分,其中5种得到确定;水解析出物含28种组分,其中7种得到确定,水解初纯物含25种组分,其中7种得到确定。结论：芦苇叶含有芦丁、野黄芩苷、橙皮苷、木犀草素、槲皮素、芹菜素、山奈酚、异鼠李素(或橙皮素)、异甘草素和黄芩素,其中芹菜素含量最高,还有许多未确定的类黄酮。