涤纶纤维碱性染色工艺

涤纶纤维分散染料碱性染色工艺，包括应用于纯涤纶织物、纯涤纶细旦织物、涤棉和涤粘织物的不同染色工艺。染色中加入碱剂MH-86，可减少低聚物的沾污，提高织物的光泽度，各项色牢度指标都比较好。     

壳聚糖整理亚麻织物的应用与研究

通过试验研究证明，用壳聚糖整理亚麻织物可显著提高其抗皱性能，降低织物缩水率，与液氨整理和树脂整理工艺相比，更具有绿色环保性能，是值得探讨和推广的一种亚麻织物防皱防缩整理工艺。     

棉用固色剂LTG-8080的固色与剥除

棉用固色剂LTG-8080处理织物后可明显提高织物的色牢度，同时不影响织物的色泽和手感，应用效果可与国内外同类固色剂相媲美.提出了剥除该固色剂的合理工艺和方法.     

特白CVC织物的生产工艺探讨

CVC织物特白整理采用净棉酶和H2O2煮漂同浴前处理工艺，既缩短流程、简化工艺、提高织物白度，同时又减少污水排放．同时，优化烧毛、定形、增白工艺可进一步提高织物白度．     

药物织物

药物织物是将医药科学和现代纺织工艺相结合的新型产品，开发药物织物是设法使药物织物牢固地附着在织物上。天津工业大学对药物功能整理技术和药物纤维纺丝技术进行了研究。如在药物功能整理技术中，可将药物浸泡织物；可将药物渗入涂层剂，开发出药物涂层织物；可将药物分子和织物纤维上的活性基进行接枝。在药物纤维纺丝技术中，可将药物渗入纺丝液纺出共混纤维，     

壳聚糖预处理对亚麻织物染色性能的影响

以壳聚糖溶液对亚麻织物进行预处理，再以活性染料、直接染料染色。探讨了壳聚糖处理工艺中壳聚糖浓度、浸渍温度、浸渍时间和焙烘温度等对亚麻织物染色性能的影响，确定了较佳工艺条件：壳聚糖浓度0．3％、浸渍温度60℃、浸渍时间45min、焙烘温度100℃、焙烘时间2min。试验结果表明，壳聚糖预处理亚麻织物可提高织物的染色性能，预处理后亚麻织物可采用低盐或无盐染色工艺，对环境友好。     

真丝绸仿砂洗风格的蛋白酶洗工艺

采用生物蛋白酶对真丝织物进行整理，可达到碱性砂洗剂砂洗相类似的风格及效果，并使织物强力提高，产品质量有保障。文中介绍了蛋白酶洗工艺原理及试验工艺条件。     

真丝绸纺砂洗风格的蛋白酶洗工艺

采用生物蛋白酶对真丝织物进行整理，可达到碱性砂洗剂砂洗相类似的风格及效果，并使织物强力提高，产品质量有保障。文中介绍了蛋白酶洗工艺原理及试验工艺条件。     

喷墨印花和免烫整理一步法工艺

美国内州大学科研人员研制成功喷墨印花和免烫整理一步完成的工艺，印花染料用酸性或活性染料。采用该工艺，活性印花不再需要碱催化剂，而织物印花前预处理也可免去。交链剂用DMDHEU和BTCA，经处理后织物足以满足染料固色要求，色牢度可达到甚至超过一般喷墨印花工艺的印花质量。此外，印花织物的光滑平整度相当高，而且有优异的尺寸稳定性、网弹性和免烫性。     

乙二胺对涤纶织物改性的探讨

涤纶织物经烧碱和乙二胺改性处理后，不仅改善了织物的悬垂性和手感，同时在纤维上还可引入一定量的氨基，有利于涤纶与丝素蛋白质分子结合。表面被丝素包覆的涤纶织物其假用性能可大大提高。本文重点研究了乙二胺对涤纶织物改性的工艺条件。     

Compounding of Thermoplastic Starch with Twin-screw Extruders

The compounding of thermoplastic starch can be regarded as a combined process consisting of extrusion cooking and plastic compounding. The quality of the product is determined largely by the degree of mechanical shear, temperature and water content. These parameters can be influenced both by the machine system and the various components of a machine. These include infinitely adjustable throttle systems and continuous condensation and evaporation equipment. On account of the fact that the starch pellets are sometimes soluble in water, the type of pelletizing is also very important. A product quality which has been optimized can be reproduced every day by means of automatic systems. Some examples of on-line quality control systems are shown.     

Diagnostic model for assessing traceability system performance in fish processing plants

This paper introduces a diagnostic tool that can be used by fish processing companies to evaluate their own traceability systems in a systematic manner. The paper begins with discussions on the rationale of traceability systems in food manufacturing companies, followed by a detailed analysis of the most important indicators in the designing and executing traceability systems. The diagnostic tool is presented in four grids through which fish companies can evaluate their own developed traceability system. The paper argues that if a company operates at a higher level of contextual factors, then design and execution of traceability system needs to be at a higher level as well so as to achieve a higher level of traceability system performance. The paper concludes that companies that are able to systematically assess their own developed traceability systems are able to determine food safety problems well in advance, and thereby take appropriate corrective actions.     

具有模糊随机信号输入的离散动态系统分析

在权函数非负或模糊对信号两种情形下和到模糊随机系统的统计特征差系方程,并给出模糊随机过程的表现定理。     

Encapsulation systems for lutein: A review

BackgroundThe increased demand by consumers for clean labels has encouraged industry to search for replacements of synthetic ingredients in food products, and in particular, colorants. Lutein, a xanthophyll found in marigolds and corn, can be used in food products as a natural colorant replacing yellow food dyes. Moreover, lutein is considered a nutraceutical due to its potentially beneficial health effects, such as prevention of macular degeneration, role in the development of the visual and nervous systems of fetuses, and its antioxidant properties. However, incorporation of lutein into foods is often limited because of its low-water solubility, chemical instability, and poor oral bioavailability. For this reason, colloidal encapsulation systems have been developed to facilitate the incorporation of lutein into aqueous food and beverage products.Scope and approachThis review focuses on exploring encapsulation options for lutein using various emulsion-based, nanoparticle- and microparticle-based and molecular inclusion encapsulation systems, as well as additives that can be used to increase its chemical stability in these systems. This review covers all aspects of lutein encapsulation, including both food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade encapsulation systems.Key findings and conclusionsThough lutein-loaded encapsulation systems are extensively explored in this review, emulsions are of the most interest in industry as they are cost efficient and can be designed to increase the stability of lutein by selecting the proper emulsifiers and emulsification techniques. Despite the extensive amount of research carried out on the encapsulation of hydrophobic bioactive molecules such as lutein, there are still opportunities to develop encapsulation systems that further protect these molecules during storage and also increase their bioavailability after ingestion.     

织机弹性系统动力模型简化方法探讨

提出一种织机弹性系统动力学模型简化为单自由度模型的新方法，其特点是广义坐标选取不局限于运动输出端，且可由坐标传递矩阵得到整个原系统的运动，能全面计入作用于原系统上的所有外力的激振影响．实例证明用新方法简化后结果很接近原系统的第一阶振动．     

Phase transition in foods: effect of pressure and methods to assess or control phase transition

Food systems can be defined as heterogeneous and complex systems in which multiple interactions take place. In addition, food systems are unstable due to chemical and physical reactions. Food components (proteins carbohydrates, lipids, water …) might undergo phase transitions due to a pressure or temperature change. The effect of temperature and pressure on phase transitions of selected food components is discussed with emphasis on high pressure processing of food systems. The possibilities of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in assessing phase transitions in food are highlighted.     

果汁悬浮饮料的技术难点及稳定性探讨

<正>从几年前统一推出鲜橙多等系列果汁饮料以来,果汁饮料市场的争夺从未间断,统一、康师傅、农夫果园、汇源、三得利等果汁饮料市场的强势厂商纷纷推出自己的产品。最近,可口可乐公司推出的“果粒橙”是将新鲜的果粒加入果汁中,更增加了果汁的真实感,一上市就掀起了一股热潮,受到广大消费者的欢迎。可以预见带果粒和果肉的悬浮饮料将会是果汁饮料市场的下一个热点。果汁悬浮饮料常见的问题及造成原因果汁饮料的悬浮性问题一直是困扰饮料生产的技术难题。在果汁饮料中,既有果肉微粒形成的悬浮物,又有果胶、蛋白     

一类两个自由度系统的同宿轨道

研究了一类两个自由度系统,利用多重尺度法证明存在锁频于Ω的周期解,在一定条件下可变换为Wiggins的系统     

Einsparungsmöglichkeiten in der Spanplattenindustrie durch Prozeßautomatisierung

The present state of production systems in particleboard production can be termed semi-automated. In some fields such as drying, gluing and mat forming closed feed-back systems are already in use. For a full utilization of the entire savings potential, progress in the development of process control systems must be advanced. Examples from the fields of service and maintenance demonstrate that cost savings are feasible based on a compilation of operating data for anticipated information on production progress. Important steps towards process control systems will be the feed-back to the process of data compiled and evaluated during operating processes, as well as the performance of control processes based on process models. Although current production systems still have a long way to go, it is important to develop and discuss firm objectives in this rapidly expanding field.     

Welfare,performance and meat quality of fattening pigs in alternative housing and management systems: a review

Conventional husbandry systems for pork production are scrutinized by members of the general public as well as the scientific community. As a response, alternative forms of pig production, such as outdoor housing, organic farming and environmental enrichment are gaining interest. The question arises whether these production systems are indeed able to improve the welfare and health status of the animals, and whether these production systems alter production characteristics and meat or carcass traits. Measures of poor welfare have been described, but evaluating overall welfare is difficult. Certain parameters of alternative housing will improve welfare in some ways but, simultaneously, other welfare problems are inflated, and the weighting of each of these problems is very subjective. Alternative housing systems allow pigs to display species‐specific behaviour and decrease the occurrence of abnormal behaviours by acting on several parameters: indoor versus outdoor housing, floor space/density, floor type, and provision of bedding or other types of environmental enrichment. Evaluating alternative housing systems should be done by looking at all the welfare‐improving factors and the cost of alleviating welfare‐decreasing problems in a given production system. Data in the literature on growth, meat and carcass traits in alternative production systems, are inconsistent, indicating that other factors can play an important role. However, as equal, or in some cases even better, performance can be attained in certain production systems that meet concerns of animal welfare scientists and members of the general public, alternative production forms may be considered preferable. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry