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脂肪酶催化大豆色拉油甘油解合成单甘酯 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了间歇反应条件下脂肪酶催化大豆色拉油甘油解制备单甘酯的过程,对三种商业酶和自制固定化脂肪酶进行了筛选,并对影响甘油解过程的溶剂效应和酶量因素进行了研究。采用了响应面分析方法对甘油解反应进行优化,以单甘酯百分含量为响应值,对底物摩尔比、初始含水量、温度这三个因素的重要性做了适当评价,并给出了拟和良好、回归显著、可靠性较好的经验性模型方程。优化条件为:反应温度46℃,初始水质量分数4%(相对于大豆色拉油),底物甘油与豆油摩尔比为3.7∶1,固定化酶用量质量分数5%(相对于大豆色拉油),反应时间30h,单甘酯最高转化率为74.04%。 相似文献
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采用甘油钠催化大豆油甘油解制备单甘酯,对反应温度、反应时间、甘油钠添加量和底物物质的量比进行了研究,得到选定的反应条件是:反应温度175℃、甘油钠添加量(油重)为2.4%、底物物质的量比(大豆油和甘油)为1∶4和甘油解反应时间为2h,在此条件下,反应得到的甘油酯混合物中,单甘酯质量分数为53.1%.采用二级分子蒸馏纯化单甘酯产品,粗甘油酯在Ⅰ级分子蒸馏(140℃)除去游离脂肪酸和甘油;在Ⅱ级分子蒸馏(190℃)纯化单甘酯,得到纯度为93.0%的单甘酯产品,单甘酯回收率为96.8%. 相似文献
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超临界CO2中脂肪酶催化甘油解制备单甘酯的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了超临界CO2条件下脂肪酶催化甘油解制备单甘酯的研究进展,并从反应温度、压力、含水量、底物比例、脂肪酶活性等方面对反应的影响进行了探讨.此法具有反应温度低,产品色泽好,无溶剂残留,操作步骤大大简化等优点,有望成为食品用单甘酯最有潜力的生产方法. 相似文献
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采用固体超强酸催化大豆油和大豆油脂肪酸与甘油酯化和酯交换制备单甘酯,通过二级分子蒸馏纯化单甘酯。通过响应面优化得到的最佳条件为:大豆油30.0 g,大豆油脂肪酸20.0 g,反应温度200℃,固体超强酸催化剂添加量0.26%(占大豆油和大豆油脂肪酸质量),甘油添加量12.66 g和反应时间4.81 h。在最佳条件下,反应得到的甘油酯混合物中,单甘酯含量达到69.82%。甘油酯混合物在Ⅰ级135℃分子蒸馏除去游离脂肪酸和甘油,在Ⅱ级185℃分子蒸馏蒸出单甘酯,得到产品中单甘酯含量为96.54%。 相似文献
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酶促法制备单甘酯具有绿色环保等优点,但其较低的传质速率限制了催化效率。基于此,探索了溶剂类型对酶促大豆油甘油解反应制备单甘酯的影响。结果发现,异丙醇可作为制备单甘酯的适宜溶剂。为深入研究溶剂比例对反应体系的影响,采用液液平衡三元恒温相图进行溶剂比例预测,得出最佳的溶剂比例(异丙醇体积与大豆油质量比)应低于4∶ 1;通过实验测定,得到最佳溶剂比例为3∶ 1,在此条件下于45 ℃反应10 h,单甘酯摩尔收率高达61.75%,Novozym435酶比活力相对稳定,剩余酶活为反应前的70%左右。 相似文献
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酸性离子液体催化樟树籽油和甘油合成单甘酯 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
樟树籽油富含癸酸和月桂酸,含量分别为54.09%和39.62%,是制备单癸酸甘油酯和单月桂酸甘油酯的理想原料。采用酸性离子液体催化剂1-甲基-3-(3-磺酸基丙基)咪唑对甲苯磺酸盐催化樟树籽油酯交换反应制备樟树籽油单甘酯,通过均匀设计试验确定最优反应条件为:醇油摩尔比值4.9,催化剂用量5.6%,反应温度152℃,反应时间5.4 h。在此条件下单甘酯的理论含量可达70.1%,验证试验中单甘酯含量为71.5%,验证值与理论值拟合较好。酸性离子液体催化剂重复使用5次,催化效果未见明显下降。 相似文献
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M Luisa López Carlos Bengoechea Julia De La Fuente Manuela Ruiz Antonio Guerrero 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2010,90(10):1688-1694
BACKGROUND: The physical stability of several food systems depends strongly on their interfacial properties, which may be modified by adding proteins and low‐molecular‐weight surfactants to their formulation. This study deals with the possibility of using wheat gluten to alter the surface and interfacial properties of an aqueous system, considering the effects of protein concentration, pH and the presence of monostearin. RESULTS: It was generally found that the surface tension decreased as the protein concentration increased, reaching a minimum value at 0.5 g kg?1. The influence of protein concentration on surface tension was much greater than the effect of pH owing to the low ionic character of wheat gluten protein. At acidic and alkaline pH values the interfacial viscosity of the protein system underwent a significant increase with time. The addition of monostearin either promoted the displacement of protein molecules at the interface or generated an interfacial mixed film with surface tension values lower than those of both single components, depending on the pH. CONCLUSION: The results obtained indicate that gluten can contribute to the stabilisation of air/water and oil/water interfaces in some food systems (emulsions, foams, etc.). Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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López-Castejón ML de la Fuente J Ruiz M Guerrero A 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2012,92(13):2618-2623
BACKGROUND: This study focused on the contribution of soy protein isolate (SPI), in the absence or presence of monostearin (ME), to surface and interfacial properties as a function of protein concentration and pH, which is relevant to the physical stability of a variety of food systems. RESULTS: An increase in protein content always yielded a rapid decrease in surface tension followed by an evolution towards an asymptotic value. Addition of ME gave rise to mixed SPI/ME films, although the interface became dominated by SPI above the concentration for interfacial saturation. The relative interfacial shear viscosity of SPI films showed a marked dependence on: aging time, which may be attributed to a reorganisation of protein species at the interface with some penetration of hydrophobic parts into the oil phase; shear forces, which may partially reverse this reorganisation, leading to shear‐thickening behaviour; and pH, which is the key factor controlling which SPI species is predominant at the interface. The effect of adding ME also depends on pH, favouring a reinforcement of SPI/ME films only at low pH, at which 3S and 7S fractions are dominant. CONCLUSION: The results obtained indicate that SPI shows excellent potential to favour stabilisation of air/water and oil/water interfaces in food systems. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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地衣芽孢杆菌产碱性蛋白酶发酵条件优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碱性蛋白酶是一类重要的工业用酶,广泛应用于洗涤、制革、酿造等行业,发挥着重要作用。为提高地衣芽孢杆菌的产酶活力,在单因素实验的基础上,采用3因素3水平的响应面分析法,以蛋白酶活力为响应值,对影响地衣芽孢杆菌20203产碱性蛋白酶的因素进行研究分析,得到了最佳发酵条件为:葡萄糖1.5%,豆粕6%,乳糖4%,磷酸铵1.2%,KCl 0.03%,CaCl2 0.07%,MgSO4 0.02%,吐温80 0.05%,初始pH9.0,培养温度37℃,摇瓶转速300r/min,5d后发酵液酶活为2382u/mL。通过非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的方法得到该蛋白酶的分子量为35ku。 相似文献
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研究生物酶催化废白土油与甲醇酯交换制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件。通过对比相当用量的Lipozyme TL IM和Novozyme 435的催化效果,筛选出Lipozyme TL IM为适宜的酶;在此基础上,以醇油摩尔比、生物酶添加量、反应温度、反应时间为自变量,生物柴油得率为响应值,进行酯交换制备生物柴油的响应面优化实验。结果表明,酯交换反应最佳条件为:醇油摩尔比4∶1,Lipozyme TL IM添加量10%(以废白土油质量计),反应温度35℃,反应时间15 h;在此条件下,生物柴油得率为95.9%,所得生物柴油非常接近0#柴油的质量标准。 相似文献
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