共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M. Castells A.J. Ramos V. Sanchis S. Marín 《Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment》2013,30(4):512-517
The objective was to determine the effect of added sodium chloride, barley malt and sucrose on the stability of fumonisin B1 (FB1) present in corn flour. Two levels of both sodium chloride (0.4% and 2%) and barley malt (0.8% and 5%) were added to the unextruded corn flour, and six levels of sucrose (3–10%) were used. The addition of sucrose at the lowest salt content (0.4%) as well as salt, either at 0.4% or at 2%, led to a significant decrease of FB1 levels in extruded samples, whereas malt, either at 0.8% or at 5%, did not significantly affect FB1 stability. Decontamination rates depended on the concentrations of added ingredients and ranged from 2% to 92%. The greatest reductions in FB1 content were achieved with extrusion cooking with a high salt content, whilst the lowest reductions were the result of processing corn flour with low contents of both salt and sucrose. Salt at 2% was the most effective ingredient in reducing FB1 content of the final extruded food. 相似文献
2.
JUJUN JULIANTY† PANFILO BELO‡ ELVEDA SMITH‡ LUCY McPROUD‡ 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1994,29(3):315-320
Four levels of egg white powder (EWP), 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%, were added to fisfc cracker formulation consisting of tapioca starch, fish paste, and water. the mixture was extruded through a single screw extruder, and the extrudate was cut, dried, heated in a microwave, and the degrees of expansion, bulk density, colour and protein content were measured.
The addition of 1.5 and 3.0% EWP had no significant effect ( P < 0.01) on diametral and longitudinal expansion, however, 4.5% EWP significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced them. Bulk density and protein content of the final product increased as the percentage of EWP increased in the formulation. the total colour difference measurement showed a significant increase ( P < 0.01) in brown colouration at 4.5% EWP. 相似文献
The addition of 1.5 and 3.0% EWP had no significant effect ( P < 0.01) on diametral and longitudinal expansion, however, 4.5% EWP significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced them. Bulk density and protein content of the final product increased as the percentage of EWP increased in the formulation. the total colour difference measurement showed a significant increase ( P < 0.01) in brown colouration at 4.5% EWP. 相似文献
3.
Hellie Gonu Ulaiwan Withayagiat 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(11):5833-5842
This research presents a modification of bioactive compounds of malt extract produced from Riceberry rice malt (RRM)–barley malt composite for malt-based beverage. Malt extract was produced by varying RRM at 20% w/w, 40% w/w, 60% w/w, 80% w/w, and 100% w/w and were analysed for total polyphenol content (TPC), phenolic acids constituent, and antioxidant activity. The 100% RRM extract was rich in TPC relative to 100% w/w barley malt extract. The composite malt extract containing 40% w/w–80% w/w RRM had enough TPC in the filtered malt extract (236–524 mg L−1) and boiled hopped malt extract (216–485 mg L−1) and were directly proportional to the antioxidant activity in the extract. Barley malt fraction in the malt extracts had a positive response on ferulic acid and sinapic acid, whereas RRM inclusion in malt extract increased p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, rutin, and methyl coumarate concentration. Therefore, the cereal malt composite could provide strong oxidative stability to the malt extract and derived products. 相似文献
4.
麦芽提取物是一种完全源自谷物的天然食品,它含有丰富的麦芽糖、果糖、葡萄糖、蛋白质、小分子肽、人体必须的氨基酸和多种维生素、矿物质,还含有具有保健功能的β-葡聚糖和生育酚。用麦芽提取物生产的麦芽汁发酵饮料营养丰富,风味浓郁、独特、醇厚。与传统麦芽汁发酵饮料生产工艺相比,生产过程不需要糖化,从而使得工艺更为简单,生产周期更短,设备投入减少,降低了成本。 相似文献
5.
本文研究了利用酶制剂Ondea Pro进行大麦啤酒的生产,对其麦汁糖谱、氨基酸谱、蛋白质区分、α-氨基氮和大麦啤酒理化成分及风味物质等指标进行了检测,特别是对麦香物质呋喃酮、2-乙酰吡咯、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、麦芽酚、2-甲基吡嗪、乙基吡嗪、乙酰呋喃和甲基糠醛等化合物进行了分析,并邀请专业品酒委员进行了感官品评。研究结果发现,利用Ondea Pro酶生产的麦汁,能够满足酵母发酵需求,然而大麦啤酒存在明显的麦香缺陷。通过额外添加不同比例的焦香麦芽,分析大麦啤酒中主要麦香物质的变化规律,结合感官品评,结果表明添加1%的焦香麦芽酿造而成的大麦啤酒,其主要麦香物质和品评口感与麦芽啤酒接近。添加少量焦香麦芽生产的大麦啤酒市场潜力具大,极具推广价值。 相似文献
6.
This investigation presents a holistic and comprehensive assessment of the stepwise changes in barley quality during the malting process for multiple batches of two Australian malting varieties (Buloke and Gairdner), in two modern, commercial scale pneumatic malthouses. The study sought to analyse and compare malting plant and variety with respect to basic changes in malt quality for protein (total protein and free amino nitrogen), fermentability (apparent attenuation limit and diastatic power), extract yield, along with filtration indicators (lautering efficiency, viscosity and β-glucan). Overall, comparing the two malt plants, it was observed that although malt batches and varieties followed different malting pathways, the finished and kilned malt was of satisfactory quality in terms of FAN, viscosity, friability, fermentability and extract. © 2020 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
7.
8.
Samples of an extruded maize-based snack food taken at various points during manufacture were digested in vitro under simulated physiological conditions. The proportion of iron diffusing across a semi-permeable membrane was used as an index of bioavailability. Iron diffusibility increased from less than 3 % in raw whole maize to over 20 % in the finished product. Four processing stages were found to be responsible for this enhancement: (I) refining of raw maize, (2) product formulation, (3) extrusion cooking, (4) addition of flavourings. The extrusion cooking process itself was responsible for only a small part of the increase in iron diffusibility. There was a reduction in iron content due to refining, but a small increase in iron content due to product formulation and extrusion cooking. The various factors associated with each stage of snack food manufacture are discussed in relation to their potential influence on iron availability. 相似文献
9.
10.
目前许多啤酒生产企业为了降低生产成本,采用国产麦芽替代进口麦芽来酿造啤酒,但国产麦芽的品质会给啤酒产品质量带来一些影响。文中指出了国产麦芽的质量缺陷和酿造性能,并提出了应用国产麦芽生产啤酒的工艺改进办法和优化措施。 相似文献
11.
Guolin Cai Hong Gu Bingxin Han Hua Yang Xiaomin Li Jian Lu 《Journal of food science》2023,88(1):204-213
Crystal malt, the most popular type of specialty malt used in beer brewing, plays a vital role in forming complex flavor and color. Nevertheless, crystal malt is only defined based on the malting process, and there is not any standard to evaluate its quality. In the current study, the volatile aroma constituents of commercial crystal malt samples were analyzed with headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, in order to explore the characteristic aroma compounds of crystal malt. The average concentration of volatile aroma compounds in 10 crystal malt samples is 587 µg L−1, ranging from 347 to 1265 µg L−1. A total of 38 aroma compounds were identified, 47% of which were existed in all the 10 samples. Based on principal component analysis and odor activity value, isobutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutanal, furfural, 2-acetyl-1H-pyrrole, oct-1-en-3-ol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, and (2E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal could be considered the characteristic aroma compounds of crystal malt. The results of this present study would help to establish a standard to assess the quality traits of crystal malt sample. 相似文献
12.
13.
Signe Hoff Marianne N. Lund Mikael A. Petersen Birthe M. Jespersen Mogens L. Andersen 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2014,120(4):331-340
Malt is usually expected to be stable during 12 months of storage. However, in practice many brewers notice changes in malt aroma during storage. The oxidative stabilities of pilsner malt and roasted malt were evaluated during a 12 month storage at different temperatures (10 and 20 °C) and water activities (0.231 and 0.432). The radical content in malt kernels was measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and the volatile profile of the resulting sweet worts was measured by head‐space analysis followed by GC‐MS analysis. The storage of malt resulted in oxidative reactions and a large change of the volatile profile of the resulting worts. Roasted malt was much more unstable than pilsner malt, as illustrated by a higher initial radical intensity, larger radical decay during storage and a larger change in the volatile profile of the wort with increased amounts of lipid oxidation products. For both roasted malt and pilsner malt, good correlations were found between radical decay and changes in the volatile profile of the wort, where high temperature and high water activity resulted in the largest changes. During the 12 months of storage, the sugar extract of the wort made from the malts remained constant and was not affected by the chemical changes. This study suggests that chemical changes occurring in malts during less than 12 months of storage may potentially affect the aroma of beer, and that water activity and storage temperature should both be kept low in order to maintain a high malt quality. Copyright © 2014 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
14.
Effect of different analysis conditions on Rapid Visco Analyser malt viscograms in relation to malt of varying fermentability 下载免费PDF全文
Glen Fox Jana Visser Thomas Skov Idelet Meijering Marena Manley 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2014,120(3):183-192
Malt fermentability is a difficult and time consuming trait to measure. The Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) was assessed as an alternative rapid method to indicate potential fermentability. This study evaluated changes in rheological profiles under different operational conditions and compared these changes with reference to malt fermentability from a limited number of samples. Viscosity measurements of samples were also made using different RVA (models 3D+ and 4) analysis conditions including a brewhouse time–temperature profile, heating/cooling rate, particle size and enzyme activity. Rheological measurements using the RVA‐3D + gave similar results compared with the RVA‐4, indicating adequate sensitivity of the RVA 3D+ for discriminatory purposes. Use of a time–temperature profile of a commercial brewery mashing process was unsuitable. When malt enzymes were inactivated with silver nitrate, differences in viscosities were observed. However, this eliminated the ability to discriminate on fermentability. Increasing or decreasing the heating rate influenced the time available for enzyme action, which affected the degree of discrimination. This also provided some insight into physical and biochemical processes affected by differences in particle size. RVA has the potential to be used as a tool to discriminate between poor and good fermentability barley malts. RVA conditions when using the ‘Kilned Malt’ method with an appropriate mashing malt–water ratio provided a fast and reliable indication of malt performance prior to conducting lengthy fermentability tests. Copyright © 2014 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
15.
16.
Ulliana Marques Sampaio Ana Paula Aparecida Pereira Pedro Henrique Campelo Gláucia Maria Pastore Yoon Kil Chang Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva Clerici 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(11):5688-5697
Unripe green coffee is one of the by-products from coffee processing that does not have many applications in higher value-added food products. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical, technological, and sensory properties of rice-based breakfast cereal made with micronised-roasted coffee (MRC) from green coffee fruits. The products were elaborated with different MRC concentrations (2, 5 and 9%) and manufactured in a single screw extruder. Data were analysed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The increase in MRC concentration improved the contents of caffeine, chlorogenic and caffeic acids in the breakfast cereals, and reduced the luminosity and expansion index due to the presence of brown colour and fibres from coffee beans. The cereal made with 5% of MRC was more accepted by consumers. Thus, MRC has proven to be a potential source of bioactive compounds, fibres and natural brownish colour for breakfast cereals. 相似文献
17.
Premature yeast flocculation factors from barley malt present in both malt husk and the non‐husk part 下载免费PDF全文
Yue‐Ling Shang Xiao‐Min Li Guo‐Lin Cai Jian Lu Jian Chen 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2014,120(3):220-224
In the present study, small‐scale fermentations of seven malts from different maltsters in China were used to monitor their premature yeast flocculation (PYF) potential. Husk exchange was applied between PYF negative malt (PYF‐) and PYF positive malt (PYF+) to investigate the PYF factors potentially present in the husk. The results showed that PYF factors were present in both malt husk and the non‐husk part. The two factors showed various ratios among different PYF+ malts, and either of them could induce PYF if it reached the threshold. Moreover, the major antimicrobial substances damaging the yeast cells were in the non‐husk part. Copyright © 2014 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
18.
Niccolò Renoldi Seyed Hadi Peighambardoust Donatella Peressini 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(7):3235-3244
In this work, corn extruded snack products were enriched with rice bran (RB) at 10% and 15%. A co-rotating twin-screw extruder was used with a feed moisture content of 16 g 100 g−1, a screw speed of 240 r.p.m. and four heating sections of the barrel (100, 140, 150 and 150 °C). The impact of RB inclusion on nutritional profile, starch digestion, physicochemical and textural properties of snack products was evaluated. RB-enriched extrudates showed a lower specific volume and hardness and higher crispness than control. RB at 15% gave a water-holding capacity lower than control. Rheology of extrudate dispersions indicated an increase in elastic interactions and solid-like behaviour with RB supplementation. Differences in rheological properties resulted in attenuation of predictive glycaemic response for RB-enriched snacks. 相似文献
19.
20.
以对硝基苯酚丁酸酯为底物,确定了小麦芽脂肪酶的酶学性质:最适温度为37℃;最适pH为8.0;4~35℃脂肪酶的热稳定性较好,35℃下保温60 min后其活力仍可保持在88.37%,45℃保温60 min后其活力保持在46.81%,55℃保温60 min酶失活;pH5.5~6.0范围内对脂肪酶的破坏力相对较小,保温60 min其活力仍可分别保持在95.11%和91.11%;Fe3+对脂肪酶有较强的抑制作用;Cu2+、Mn2+、Al3+对脂肪酶的抑制作用较小;Ca2+、EDTA对脂肪酶有较强的激活作用。小麦制麦过程中发芽第4天酶活达到最大值,为8.52 u/g,随后酶活下降;干燥会破坏部分脂肪酶的酶活,损失率为27.06%。小麦芽籽粒、胚芽、胚根中的脂肪酶酶活依次降低,分别为8.01 u/g、7.55 u/g、6.83 u/g;协定法麦汁糖化过程中,无胚芽麦芽脂肪酶的酶活比有胚芽的低,且酶的失活速度也比较大,在55 min(70℃)时,脂肪酶完全失活。 相似文献