Li284O7：Cu，In的热释光晒退特性研究

制得一系列不同烧结温度的Li284O7：Cu，In样品，以X光衍射（XRD）、热释光（TL）、光释光（OSL）等手段研究样品的热释光陷阱的晒退特性。烧结温度对热释光陷阱的晒退特性影响较大，实验表明750℃烧结样品的热释光不易晒退。结合XRD和OSL的结果解释了烧结温度对晒退特性的影响。     

阳光晒退对泥石流表层物质热释光信号的影响

应用热释光技术对模拟阳光晒退后的泥石流标样和实际阳光晒退后的泥石流样品进行了热释光信号分层测定。实验结果表明：泥石流发生后经过曝光,样品积存热释光晒退程度随深度增加逐渐减弱,光晒退明显。光晒退随光照强度和时间增大而增强,深度增大,但深度变化总体不大。模拟的阳光晒退实验晒退深度达1 mm左右,实际阳光晒退实验晒退深度达6 mm左右。根据等效剂量随深度的变化可知,天然泥石流块状样由两次泥石流堆积形成。这一结果可为利用热释光技术开展泥石流测年和发生期次研究提供依据。     

凉水河畔热释光断代结果比较

对样品进行光晒退处理后测定热释光(TL)强度,得到TL断代结果。实验表明记年累积起点消楚,回零完全的标本是TL断代理想的测试对象。光晒退校正可获得可靠的TL断代结果,但河流沙土等地质标本在记年累积不太明确时将导致测年结果不准确。     

MgB4O7:Tb磷光体的研制及其热释光(TL)特性

以碳酸镁和硼酸为原料在高温条件下合成了基质材料MgB4O7并制备了MgB4O7：Tb磷光体。用Risφ／OSL-15-B／C热释光（TL）,光释光（OSL）自动测量仪和TL/OSL三维光谱自动测量仪分别测量了这种磷光体的二维热释光发光曲线和三维热释光发光谱。由MgB4O7：Tb的三维热释光发光谱可看出这种磷光体在230℃、340℃和420℃附近有三个热释光峰,发光谱的波长分别为489nm、548nm、589nm和620nm。此外,不同的高温烧结温度不仅对发光峰的发光强度有很大影响,而且还对。Tb^3＋发光谱形产生影响。当温度高于850℃时Tb^3＋离子发光谱线开始变成了发光谱带。     

Daybreak 2200型自动化光释光测量仪的初步定量评估

确认和定量检验释光自动化测量系统的性能指标和系统误差是释光年代学实验室非常重要的一项工作.用细颗粒石英和热释光CaSO4:Tm剂量片对Daybreak 2200型自动光释光测量仪长时间光激发/辐照对比邻测样的影响以及辐照泄漏、辐照源开关时间作了系统检测.长时间蓝光激发时比邻测样细颗粒石英发生非线性光晒退,激发10ks时其OSL信号损失不大于15%(光强为最大功率的95%),而对更远位置的测样则几乎无影响.机载90Sr/90Y β放射源在长时间辐照时对比邻测样的影响约为0.02%,对更远位置的样品几乎无影响.Daybreak 2200型测量仪机载β源的快门开关时间约为0.22s(相当于～0.01Gy),β放射源在快门关闭时的泄漏极其微弱,测量时可不予考虑.12个代表性测片位置在测量时具有非常好的一致性,相对标准偏差不超过3%,具有非常低的系统误差.     

不同地区石英ESR Al心自然光晒退

本文研究了两种石英样品的Al心ESR信号的自然光晒退行为,样品分别为采自华山的花岗岩和海南三亚亚龙湾海滩沙.在海拔50-3600 m的四个地区(北京、银川、格尔木、拉萨)进行晒退试验.提纯后的石英用钴源辐照200Gy,再在阳光下晒退,照度≥2×104 lx,最长晒退时间为500 h.结果表明,在上述四个地区两种石英Al心ESR信号的晒退趋势基本一致,自然光对石英Al可以晒退,但不能完全回零;100h内,光晒退较快,200h后趋于稳定;不同来源的样品,其晒退结果差别较大,采自海滨沙的石英Al心的晒退率仅约20%,而采自岩样的石英晒退率约40%-50%.     

前言

由中国文物保护技术协会释光与电子自旋共振测定年代专业委员会(挂靠在上海博物馆)和中国国家地震局地质研究所共同主办的全国第十次释光(Luminescence)与电子自旋共振(ESR)测定年代学术讨论会于2006年11月6-10日在杭州的浙江省地震局培训中心召开.来自内地和香港的大学、中国科学院及部委研究所和文博系统32个单位的专家、学者出席了讨论会.这次讨论会共有27篇论文在会上作了交流,内容涉及热释光(TL)、光释光(OSL)和电子自旋共振测定年代的理论、方法和技术;考古和地质样品年代的测定及其应用;陶瓷器古剂量的测定;释光特性与矿藏成因;热释光、光释光测量仪器研制和改进等.本选编辑录了其中13篇论文予以发表.     

Radiation Protection Dosimetry Vol.100 No.1-4 2002(二)

材料特性Li F:Mg,Ti热释光发光空间相关TC-LC机制的新证据L Oster等(特邀)氟化锂:从Li F:Mg,Ti到Li F:Mg,Cu,P P Bilski(特邀)Cs Gd2 F7晶体的发光特性N Kristianpoller等TL材料的高分辨率发射光谱T Vilaithong等OSL与Al2 O3:CTL陷阱分布的相关性A E Akselrod等应用于中子与γ剂量测量的Li KYF5:Pr3+和Ky F4 :Tm3+晶体的热释光特性M Coeck等人工石英的热释光发光曲线的详细的动力学研究G Kitis等KMg F3:Ce3+和Na Mg F3:Ce3+的光致发光与热释光特性N JM Le Masson等对新的高灵敏Ca So4 :Dy热释光磷光体的进一步…     

水成沉积物释光测年研究进展与展望

石英光释光(OSL)测年方法对于蕴藏着丰富区域气候环境变迁、古洪水、古地震及构造信息的冲积、洪积、湖积等水成沉积物组成的沉积地层,面临许多难题.水成沉积物矿物颗粒在搬运和沉积过程中,先前积存的释光信号能否被晒退,晒退是否均匀?残留水平如何?如何准确测定这些沉积物的天然释光信号强度的等效剂量(De)?环境剂量率怎样才能准确测定等问题,是几十年来国内外释光测年研究者普遍关注的问题.本文通过对水成沉积物研究成果的梳理、存在问题及研究现状分析,探讨了光释光测年方法在水成沉积物方面的应用前景.     

α-Al2O3:C的光释光和LiF(Mg,Cu,P)的热释光比较研究

LiF(Mg,Cu,P)热释光探测器是最理想的热释光探测器.光释光(OSL)是新世纪发光剂量学的前沿,是辐射监测的一个新的发展方向.α-Al2O3:C是目前研究最深入的材料,也是目前唯一商用的光释光剂量材料.论文就光释光和热释光的基本原理、α-Al2O3:C和LiF(Mg,Cu,P)的发光灵敏度、动态范围、剂量响应、探...     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.