外墙外保温防火隔离带用保温材料

文章介绍了外墙保温防火现状和防火隔离带用适宜保温材料,并进行了性能比较,重点阐述了防水型蒸压轻质加气混凝土板（FLC板）用于防火隔离带的优势和安装方式。     

建筑外墙外保温材料防火安全的选型设计探讨

近年来,我国因建筑外墙外保温材料防火安全问题而导致特大火灾事故频发,尤其是上海胶州路教师公寓火灾、沈阳皇朝万鑫大厦火灾和北京央视大楼火灾,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失,使得建筑外墙外保温材料防火安全成为人们关注的焦点。该文针对目前建筑外墙外保温材料选型设计中不注重防火安全的实际问题,分析了各种建筑外墙外保温材料防火性能,探讨其不同的使用局限性和优缺点,为建筑外墙外保温材料的选型设计提供参考。     

有机保温材料的燃烧性能试验研究

本文论述了我国目前对保温材料进行燃烧性能试验的方法,并通过对聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(包括EPS和XPS)、硬泡聚氨酯(PU)的锥型量热计试验和燃烧竖炉试验得出如下结论:不同的保护面层厚度对有机保温材料的保护作用是不同的,保护面层越厚,试件整体的抗火能力越强;当保护层厚度相同时,保温层的烧损状态与保温材料的类型相关,热固型的硬泡聚氨酯要好于热塑型的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料.     

A Framework for Risk-Informed Performance-Based Fire Protection Design for the Built Environment

Performance-based fire protection design (PBFPD) approaches have now been in use for more than 20 years. One might be tempted to conclude that the current ‘state of the art’ is working well. However, application of PBFPD remains limited, several shortcomings exist, and an increasing number of countries are moving toward ‘prescribed performance’ to address the gaps. There are many factors contributing to these problems with PBFPD. Research has been carried out in two principal problem areas: the relationship between occupants and fire safety measures in the context of holistic building performance expectations during everyday use of the building, and also the lack of specifics within current PBFPD approaches. To address these concerns, a new framework for risk-informed PBFPD has been developed, centered on the study of systems formed by specific building types and their associated occupants. This framework replaces generic guidance with a more in-depth and targeted “building-occupant” system approach. This article focuses on how a successful implementation of the new risk-informed PBFPD approach will require acceptance of the need for a paradigm shift from one in which fire is the center of the problem to one in which building performance metrics are evaluated in case of fire events. This article also details the different steps of the new PBFPD process and how this process differs from the current ones, notably in separating technical steps from political steps related to decision making and policy. Finally, this article presents how the new approach is practically applied to a project, focusing on a proof of concept of the new PBFPD process.     

浅谈建筑外墙外保温材料选用

本文分析了各种建筑外墙外保温材料的性能,探讨可用于替代EPS和XPS的保温材料,强调在保温材料选用上应兼顾节能、消防等方面的要求.     

外墙外保温典型火灾案例选编

外墙外保温系统中有机保温材料的大量应用已成为建筑物不可忽视的着火源。本文在对外保温火灾发生的阶段和原因进行简要分析的基础上,对近期典型的火灾案例按火灾发生不同时段进行分类选编,所有案例均涉及外墙外保温系统中所用的有机保温材料。分析的目的在于使人们充分认识到外保温系统中不合理使用可燃有机保温材料会带来的火灾安全隐患,而通过对外保温火灾发生特点的认识可以更好地指导人们实施减少火灾发生的针对性措施,提高建筑的防火安全性。     

建筑常用保温材料导热性能分析

结合建筑工程中常用的保温材料的实际情况,对建筑保温材料导热性能及其特点进行了分析与汇总.     

建筑外墙外保温系统的火灾特征及防火措施

我国的建筑外墙外保温系统火灾事故频发。建筑外墙外保温系统火灾具有着火容易,过火速度快,产生大量浓烟及有毒气体,扑救困难和危害大等特点;防火技术措施包括设置防火分区、防火构造、消防设施和施工防火措施。     

帐篷隔热技术与材料

在倡导环保节能的当今社会,各种帐篷的应用越来越广泛,因此,隔热是帐篷首要考虑的重要属性。主要介绍了几种现有或新型的隔热技术与材料,包括遮阳网、太阳能发电篷布、蜂窝隔热板、气凝胶、聚氨酯等,也对隔热技术及材料的发展进行了展望。     

聚异氰脲酸酯(PIR)保温屋面系统的防火性能

关于聚异氰脲酸酯(PIR)保温材料聚异氰脲酸酯(以下简称PIR)是一种硬质泡沫保温材料,应用于超过70%的商业建筑屋面,是一种经济、高效的保温材料,可以降低建筑能耗、提高屋面和墙面的整体使用寿命,是北美应用最广泛的建筑产品之一。     

建筑保温材料的发展

建筑是我国目前能源消耗增长最快的部门之一,其能耗已占全国总能耗的27％左右。作为能源消耗大户的建筑业其主要任务就是在保证使用功能和建筑质量的前提下,采取各种有效的节能技术与管理措施,发展新型建筑保温材料,以减低房屋在使用过程中的能源消耗,提高能源利用率。     

Assessment of the Use of Fire Dynamics Simulator in Performance-Based Design

This paper discusses a procedure for the use of fire modelling in the performance-based design environment to quantify design fires for commercial buildings. This procedure includes building surveys, medium-and full-scale experiments and computer modelling. In this study, a survey of commercial premises was conducted to determine fire loads and types of combustibles present in these buildings. Statistical data from the literature were analysed to determine the frequency of fires, ignition sources, and locations relevant to these premises. Based on the results of the survey and the statistical analyses a number of fuel packages were designed that represent fire loads and combustible materials in commercial buildings. The fuel packages were used to perform medium- and full-scale, post-flashover fire tests to collect data on heat release rates, compartment temperatures and production and concentration of toxic gases. Based on the experimental results, input data files for the computational model, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), were developed to simulate the burning characteristics of the fuel packages observed in the experiments. Comparative analysis between FDS model predictions and experimental data of HRR, carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO₂), indicated that FDS model was able to predict the HRR, temperature profile in the burn room, and the total production of CO and CO₂ for medium- and large-scale experiments as well as real size stores.     

外墙外保温材料在预防火灾中的功能

保温与防火的矛盾日益激化,外墙外保温工作陷入了进退两难的困境。理清保温和防火的关系,明确防火工作的目标要求,是化解矛盾的前提;建立和完善外保温技术新的理论体系,积极探索、推广能满足防火工作目标要求的保温材料和构造技术,是解决问题的关键。     

高层建筑类室外中庭基于性能化的防火设计

高层建筑因其造型宏伟美观,土地利用率高,目前已在住宅、办公建筑、大型公共建筑等类建筑中得到大量应用。但是,由于此类建筑其结构体系较为复杂,尤其近几年发展起来的中庭建筑,其空间巨大,常常造成很难按照我国现行的建筑防火规范进行防火设计,另外,我国目前传统的指令性设计规范本身存在的不足之处,使得性能化设计方法成为高层建筑结构防火设计的首选。结合工程实例提出“类室外中庭”的概念,并采用FDS软件对其性能化设计进行分析,提出了针对此类建筑防火设计的一些建议。     

浅谈环保建筑保温材料发展现状

结合今年来国内发生的火灾和公安部现行规定,对保温材料的种类、性能及未来的发展进行介绍。     

PVC塑料窗保温性能设计

论述了提高窗户保温性能对降低建筑能耗的重要性 ;比较各类窗的传热系数和节能效果 ,只有双玻PVC窗能达到民用建筑设计标准中全国大部分地区的采暖居住建筑的节能要求 ;窗框型材结构、玻璃的选择、框玻比对PVC窗的传热系数有影响     

Light-Weight Frame Wall Assemblies: Parameters for Consideration in Fire Resistance Performance-Based Design

With the advent of performance-based codes and fire safety design options, it is essential to determine parameters that affect the fire-resistance performance of assemblies. This paper presents the results of 17 full-scale fire-resistance tests conducted as part of a major industry-government research program investigating parameters that affect the fire-resistance performance of light-weight frame wall assemblies. These include the effects of insulation type, insulation width between studs, resilient channel location, gypsum board thickness, number of gypsum board layers, glass fiber in the gypsum board core, gypsum board mass per unit area, and stud type for light-weight frame wall assemblies finished with gypsum board. The effects of these parameters on the fire resistance are discussed.     

节能保温轻型抗震房屋的防火措施

针对节能保温轻型抗震房屋的研究现状,对框架、墙体、楼板三方面进行了综合分析,从材料、技术方面提出了相应的防火处理措施,强调了结构整体防火的重要性。     

常用保温材料单体燃烧性能浅析

当前用于建筑保温的材料主要有EPS板、XPS板、PU板、酚醛树脂板、脲醛树脂板、胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料、膨胀玻化微珠保温砂浆、岩棉板等,这些材料在保温节能方面发挥着至关重要的作用,但同时材料自身的组成成分制约着其燃烧性能的分级。依据GB／T20284—2006《建筑材料或制品的单体燃烧试验》标准进行单体燃烧试验,对不同材料在燃烧过程中的燃烧增长速率指数、热释放量、产烟量及滴落物／微粒产生情况等指标进行比较,旨在为保温材料在保温工程使用中提供防火方面的参考。