建模与仿真的动态V＆V技术综述

校核与验证（V＆V）技术包括非正规、静态、动态和正规四类技术，是保证建模与仿真（M＆S）的可信度的重要手段。动态V＆V技术是其中应用范围较广、数学和逻辑上比较正规的技术。它要求模型转化为应用并被执行，根据模型的执行行为来评价模型的精确性。首先简要介绍了M＆S的VV＆A和校核与验证技术的分类情况，然后论述了动态校核与验证技术并分析了各自的特点，最后介绍了在建模与仿真过程中动态V＆V技术的适用范围。对用于校核与验证的动态测试技术和统计技术作了重点介绍。     

农业专家系统的知识获取、表示与推理

随着Internet／Intranet技术的迅猛发展，通过计算机和网络进行农业咨询、农业管理已经成为新形势下农民和农村干部的首要选择。     

基于知识的程序设计训练系统PES的研究与实现

针对程序设计的特点，本文提出了以示例教学和程序设计练习为核心的基于知识的程序设计训练系统ＰＥＳ。着重讨论其系统组成、知识表示、知识库组织、错误诊断、学生模型、教学策略、示例环境和练习环境等几个方面的关键技术。     

结合面向对象技术的知识表示系统——OOplog

介绍了一个新的结合面向对象技术的知识表示系统ＯＯｐｌｏｇ。以前的一些系统都是建立在Ｐｒｏｌｏｇ解释器的基础上，间接实现的，效率较低。而ＯＯｐｌｏｇ系统将面向对象技术与逻辑语言相结合，采用Ｃ语言直接实现，所以效率较高。ＯＯｐｏｌｇ具有较强的建模能力，并提供了统一的推理机。     

基于本体论的应急系统知识表示的研究

论文在对知识表示及国内外有关本体库研究的基础上,提出将知识表示方法中的框架与谓词逻辑相结合,作为本体知识的一种描述方法,去定义国防动员应急决策支持系统中通信内容的共享本体,给出基于OWL+RDF+XML的形式化描述。并利用本体对知识进行领域分类,同时对决策者的查询信息进行规范。     

故障仿真预测系统的知识处理

在对某装备故障仿真预测知识分析的基础上，利用模糊数学理论导出了模糊推理运算规则，研究了模糊知识的表示形式和实现方法。此种方法已成功的应用在反后坐装置故障模糊预测系统中。     

知识图谱的推荐系统综述

如何为用户提供个性化推荐并提高推荐的准确度和用户满意度,是当前推荐系统研究面临的主要问题。知识图谱的出现为推荐系统的改进提供了新的途径。本文研究了知识图谱近年来在推荐系统中的应用情况,从基于本体的推荐生成、基于开放链接数据的推荐生成以及基于图嵌入的推荐生成3个方面对研究现状进行了综述。在此基础上,提出了基于知识图谱的推荐系统总体框架,分析了其中涉及的关键技术,并对目前存在的重点和难点问题进行了讨论,指出了下一步需要开展的研究工作。     

Dynamic and Formal Verification of Embedded Systems: A Comparative Survey

Embedded Systems, by their nature, constitute a meeting point for communities with extremely different background. In particular, the high demands for quality and reliability for embedded systems have led to complementary quality assurance efforts: hardware engineers have developed techniques for dynamic verification in terms of co-simulation, which, in particular, addresses the different nature of hardware and software components. Thus these techniques are tailored for the transactional level, which comprises dedicated models for the hardware and the software parts. On the other hand, there is a bulk of work on formal verification techniques, which typically address higher levels of abstraction. These techniques are exhaustive in the sense that they cover all the infinite possible paths of their models, however at the price of neglecting many of the low-level aspects treated by co-simulation. It is the goal of this paper to increase the mutual understanding between these communities and to animate research at this exciting borderline.     

层次链专家系统方法在工资审批中的应用

文章介绍了将层次链专家系统方法应用于工资审批系统中工资审批计算过程,给出了层次链知识建模、知识表示的基本构架,描述了对属性、产生式规则和基于案例的推理流程,解决了工资计算的复杂性、多变性以及扩充性问题。     

Verification of Embedded Systems Based on Interval Analysis

The latest versions of the “International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors” (ITRS) highlight that verification has changed from playing a relatively minor supporting role in the design process to becoming the dominant cost. This situation is the result of the exponential growth of the functional complexity of designs and the historical emphasis of CAD tools in other areas of the design process such as automatic synthesis or place-and-route. The problem is even worst in embedded systems that normally integrate functionally complex hardware and software parts. This work presents a new verification technique based on interval analysis that can handle embedded designs described at behavioural level. The proposed technique is able to verify assertions that the users insert in software and hardware tasks. It shows very promising results in systems that cannot be efficiently verified with other tools (e.g. data-dominated designs).     

向量加法系统验证问题研究综述

Petri网是形式化验证领域最重要的模型之一,具有重要的理论和应用价值.从验证算法分析的角度Petri网可以被等价地抽象为"向量加法系统".在对向量加法模型的研究中人们又发展了一些重要的扩展模型.本文对近些年来国内外学者在向量加法系统验证领域取得的成果进行了系统总结.首先,给出了向量加法系统及几个关键验证问题的形式化定义,并重点总结了一般向量加法系统模型上可达性问题的最新研究进展和关键技术;接着,总结了当限定模型的维度为固定值时相关研究进展,重点给出了2维情况的核心定理;随后,介绍了几个重要扩展模型,并总结了这些模型上验证问题研究的最新进展.在每一部分都对未来研究方向及可能面临的挑战进行了展望.     

CFD验证与确认数据库平台数据结构设计与应用

计算流体动力学（CFD,computational fluid dynamics）验证与确认数据库平台用于存储和管理精细风洞试验、飞行试验、数值计算产生的标准算例数据。针对结构复杂、维度较高且参数不固定的CFD验证与确认标准算例数据,设计一种灵活的数据结构,动态存储不同标准算例的来流状态数据与结果数据,减少数据冗余,提高数据可扩展性。基于该数据结构完成标准算例数据质检与元数据管理设计,确保数据库平台能够精准、高效的为CFD软件可信度评价或相关研究提供数据服务。应用证明,验证与确认数据库平台实现了标准算例数据的有效管理和高效应用,为国家数值风洞工程和国内相关CFD软件的验证和确认提供了有力支撑。     

Knowledge-based modeling for disruption management in urban distribution

Disruption management in urban distribution is the process of achieving a new distribution plan in order to respond to a disruption in real time. Experienced schedulers can respond to disruptions quickly with common sense and past experiences, but they often achieve the new distribution plan by a fuzzy, sometimes inconsistent, and not well-understood way. The method is limited when the problem becomes large scale or more complicated. In this case, optimization techniques consisting of models and algorithms may complement it. However, as the distribution system’s state changes constantly with the plan-executing process and disruptions are diversified, real-time modeling is very difficult. Hence in order to achieve the real-time modeling process, the research in the paper focuses on a knowledge-based modeling method, which combines the knowledge of experienced schedulers with the OR knowledge concerning models and algorithms. Policies, algorithms and models are represented by proper knowledge representation schemes in order to support automated or semi-automated modeling by computers. The modeling process is demonstrated by a case to show how the different kinds of knowledge representation schemes cooperate with each other to support the modeling process. In the knowledge-based modeling process, based on the knowledge of experienced schedulers, a qualitative policy for handling the disruption based on the current distribution system’s state is achieved firstly; and then based on OR knowledge, the corresponding model and algorithm are constructed to quantitatively optimize the policy. The integration of the two kinds of knowledge not only effectively supports the real-time modeling process, but also combines the advantages of both to achieve more practical and scientific solutions to different kinds of disruptions occurring under different distribution system’s states.     

A Knowledge-based Customization System for Supply Chain Integration

Hostile environmental pressure on supply chain management increases emphasis on supply chain agility, integration, and visibility to respond rapidly, effectively and efficiently to changes in the marketplace. There is a need for new methods and tools to visualize the supply chain topologies which captures and recognizes the complexity of the supply chain network. This paper presents a Knowledge-based Customization System for Supply Chain Integration (KCSSI) which is developed based on three core technologies: visualization of topologies, network analysis, and knowledge-based system so as to obtain quantified actionable information and formulating strategies for supply chain configuration leading the long term success. The performance of the system is verified by a series of controlled simulation experiments conducted in a selected reference site. It is verified that the KCSSI improves supply chain visibility by recognizing the structure clustering and interconnection of the supply chain network, quantifying and exploiting holistic supply chain performance to provide measurable insights for the customization of the supply chain configuration leading to long term success.     

知识库系统建模框架的发展与现状

总结了知识库系统开发原理和方法的演变，阐述了知识库系统建模框架的基本结构及其应用，介绍了建模工具和相关标准，并指出了未来的发展趋势。     

软件验证与确认在MIS开发中的应用

介绍软件验证和软件确认的概念及其相互关系,以一个实际的管理信息系统开发项目为例,描述在软件开发生命周期中验证和确认活动的具体实现,以及如何使验证和确认与项目的整个生命周期相配合、如何与项目实体相关联,证明软件验证和确认是保证软件产品质量的有效手段.