碳纤维增强环氧树脂电镀Cu-SiO2纳米微粒复合镀层

研究了电镀液中SiO2纳米微粒含量对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料复合电镀层的影响.结果表明,硫酸铜电镀溶液中加入一定比例SiO2纳米微粒可使复合材料镀层维氏硬度提高,镀层晶粒得到明显细化,镀层致密度提高,随SiO2纳米微粒含量提高镀层导电性略有下降.     

镶嵌镀的应用

镶嵌镀是复合电镀的一种,镀复方法是在电镀溶液中,让高硬度的固体微粒沉降在需镀复的零件表面,通过电镀使大量的固体微粒固定在镀层表面,然后在不含微粒的溶液中进一步电镀,使微粒更牢固地在镀层之中,这样可使微粒在镀层中的含量高达50～70％。     

影响复合电镀层中微粒复合量的因素

镀层中微粒的含量对复合镀层的性能有着重要的影响.本文综述了复合电镀中微粒复合量的影响因素,包括镀液中微粒含量、微粒尺寸、表面活性剂、电流、pH、镀液搅拌强度等,阐述了各因素对微粒沉积量的作用规律.     

陶瓷微粒的有效表面电荷密度在复合电沉积过程中的作用

一、前言金属陶瓷镀层是国外近十几年来高速发展起来的材料科学中的一支新军,并在工程上得到了广泛的应用.它是把一种或多种不溶性的微粒均匀地悬浮于镀液中,以电镀(或化学镀)的方法使微粒与基质金属共沉积,从而形成的复合镀层.这种镀复的方法叫复合电镀.     

耐磨复合镀层的研究进展

复合电镀是制备复合材料的一种常用方法。可以采用电沉积(电镀、电刷镀)或化学沉积的方法获得复合镀层。主要从沉积微粒、基质金属等方面对近几年国内外在耐磨复合镀层方面取得的研究成果进行了概述,并对今后复合镀层的研究重点提出了展望。     

Sn－Ni－ZrO_2复合电镀的研究

以Ｓｎ－Ｎｉ合金电镀为基础，复合ＺｒＯ_２微粒，从而使Ｓｎ－Ｎｉ合金镀层的耐磨、机械强度性能大幅度提高。研究了复合电镀工艺最佳条件和影响镀层因素，并在理论上进行探讨。还通过ｘ衍射手段，证明在Ｓｎ－Ｎｉ合金镀层中引入ＺｒＯ_２微粒，不会改变镀层的结构。     

镍基氧化铝纳米微粒复合电镀的研究现状

以Al2O3纳米微粒为复合材料的复合电镀是一种取代镀硬铬的极有价值的复合表面技术。Al2O3微粒与镍金属共沉积可明显提高镀层的硬度、耐磨性与耐蚀性。主要阐述了Al2O3纳米微粒与金属镍共沉积的工艺条件对沉积速率和镀层性能的影响。并且指出Al2O3纳米微粒复合镀镍中关键问题是如何提高复合镀层中纳米微粒的含量及镀层形貌对镀层性能的影响,以寻找控制镀层表面形貌的条件。     

Ni-ZrO2纳米微粒复合镀层性能研究

采用正交试验对Ni-ZrO2纳米微粒复合电镀中影响镀层硬度和耐蚀性等性能的电流密度、镀液温度、极间距、ZrO2纳米微粒质量浓度等因素进行了实验研究,并测定了镀层的形貌、结构、硬度、耐蚀性和结合强度.结果表明Ni基纳米微粒ZrO2复合电镀可以改变镀层的硬度及耐蚀性,且有较好的结合强度.实验研究条件下最优工艺条件为:θ为4...     

超声波在电镀技术中应用

超声波技术应用于电镀中可以强化电镀过程、改善镀层质量和优化镀层性能,获得优质镀层.介绍了超声波在镀前零件清洗中的机理和应用,概述了超声波在电镀金属镀层和纳米微粒复合镀层中的研究进展及其工程应用,指出了超声波电镀技术中需进一步解决的问题,并展望了其应用前景.     

复合电镀(Ni-P)石-墨工艺及镀层性能的研究

用复合电镀方法在低碳钢基体上镀覆(Ni-P)-石墨复合镀层.研究了表面活性剂、石墨微粒的悬浮量及阴极电流密度对镀层中石墨微粒含量的影响.结果表明,当镀液中石墨微粒约为12g/L、搅拌速度120 r/min、温度为45℃、pH为4,镀层中石墨微粒含量最高.对镀层的表面形貌、耐蚀性、硬度、减摩性及耐磨性进行了测定,与Ni-P合金镀层相比,(Ni-P)-石墨复合镀层有良好的综合性能.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。