省属普通高校化学化工专业提高大学生毕业论文质量的对策研究

毕业论文是高等学校人才培养方案的重要组成部分,是实现本科培养目标的重要实践教学环节。根据近年来化学化工专业毕业生毕业论文答辩过程中发现的问题,本文提出了政策上保障毕业论文的实施、优化毕业论文指导教师队伍、强化毕业论文的教学质量监控、严格把关毕业论文答辩、探索校企联合的毕业论文教学实践工作新模式、量子化学软件辅助完成毕业论文等6个方面,以提高毕业论文质量,构建化学化工专业本科毕业生的毕业论文质量保障体系。     

材料化学专业本科毕业论文改革的探究

通过对目前材料化学专业本科毕业论文现状和存在的问题进行分析,鼓励学生端正态度,老师认真负责,最大限度地激发师生的积极性和创造性;并从论文题目、导师制、校企合作、考核制度等方面对本科毕业论文的改革进行了讨论,以期提高材料化学专业本科毕业论文的质量,培养创新应用型专业人才,并为今后的毕业论文改革提供思路。     

地方院校化工专业本科毕业论文质量提升的改革实践

本科毕业论文是实现人才培养目标和检验教学质量的重要环节。其质量的高低不仅反映了学生的综合知识水平、创新精神和动手操作能力,而且体现了整个学校的教学水平的高低。针对目前化工专业毕业论文质量下降问题,本文从学校、教师和学生三个主体出发,对影响毕业论文的因素进行了具体分析,并提出相关措施来提高地方院校化工专业本科生毕业论文质量。     

化学专业本科毕业论文现状及问题分析研究——以宝鸡文理学院化学专业为例

本文就化学专业的本科毕业论文现状及存在问题进行了分析,并结合自己的教学经验和指导本科毕业论文的体会,有针对性地提出一些改进措施,以期提高化学专业本科毕业论文质量,为后续毕业论文的教学工作提供指导作用。     

浅谈《科技论文写作》在化学化工专业本科教学中的作用—以“合肥学院能源化学工程”专业为例

《科技论文写作》对化学化工专业的人才培养具有重要的作用。文章以合肥学院能源化学工程专业的本科教学为例,从本科生的创新能力、资源获取能力、发现与解决问题的能力、学术道德、科研能力及毕业论文写作能力等方面,探讨《科技论文写作》在化学化工专业本科教学中的作用。     

地方高校应用化学本科毕业论文改革探索

毕业论文是本科教育非常重要的一个环节。本文对地方高校应用化学专业本科毕业论文教学环节存在的一些问题进行了分析,着重介绍了学生自身因素;教学条件因素;学校管理因素。并对相关的改进方法和策略进行了探讨,从而提高地方高校应用化学专业本科毕业论文的教学质量,为本科毕业论文的教学环节提供借鉴和指导作用。     

转型目标下如何提高化学类专业毕业论文质量

针对转型目标下化学类专业毕业论文存在的问题,从人才培养模式、教学内容、毕业论文选题、教师素养、实践教学等方面进行了新模式的探索和新方法的研究,提出将化学类专业学生的毕业论文建立在解决企业问题和环境问题的基础上,鼓励教师进入企业一线,使毕业论文与当地相关企业紧密联系的改革方案,这一改革措施为提高化学类专业毕业论文质量提供了一定参考,促使学校顺利转型。     

地方应用型高校化工专业本科毕业论文教学探讨

近年来地方本科院校化工专业教师的职称层次和学历层次有了较大幅度提高,然而本科毕业论文的教学质量却逐年下降.当前,地方应用型本科院校化工专业本科毕业论文的教学存在不够重视、评价机制不当、教学计划安排不当、实验条件和经费缺乏等问题,对这些问题逐一进行分析,并提出了相应的解决策略.     

基于毕业论文质量的计算机化工应用课程教学新模式探索

计算机化工应用课程是高校化工及相关专业的一门重要专业课,有很强的实践性，该课程的知识在学生进行毕业论文研究时多有应用。文章在梳理学生毕业论文中存在的问题并剖析其原因的基础上,从教学目标、教学内容、教学方法和考核方式等方面探索了该课程教学的新模式。该模式应用于实际教学中，促进了学生毕业论文质量的提升。     

强化化学本科毕业论文实验教学环节的几点探讨

分析了化学专业应届毕业生的理论课学习和毕业论文实验的现状和存在的一些问题,并就改革毕业论文实验环节,扩大学生毕业论文实验的期限,使学生有更多的时间做实验,提高实验技能和动手能力,掌握科学研究的方法,培养独立工作能力,以及指导教师采取有效措施,加强对学生毕业论文的指导和管理,提高毕业论文实验环节的教学质量等方面进行了探讨。     

Differences in color naming and color salience in Vietnamese and English

The accepted model of color naming postulates that 11 “basic” color terms representing 11 common perceptual experiences show increased processing salience due to a theorized linkage between perception, visual neurophysiology, and cognition. We tested this theory, originally proposed by Berlin and Kay in 1969. Experiment 1 tested salience by comparing unconstrained color naming across two languages, English and Vietnamese. Results were compared with previous research by Berlin and Kay, Boynton and Olson, and colleagues. Experiment 2 validated our stimuli by comparing OSA, Munsell, and newly rendered “basic” exemplars using colorimetry and behavioral measures. Our results show that the relationship between the visual and verbal domains is more complex than current theory acknowledges. An interpoint distance model of color‐naming behavior is proposed as an alternative perspective on color‐naming universality and color‐category structure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 113–138, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10131     

中国台湾的催化和催化剂的研究开发

本文重点介绍了台湾省各大学和研究院所对催化及催化剂的教学。研究与开发方面动向,相关催化方面学科带头人的研究领域和主要成果,并给出大量参考文献。     

Reactions in Stabilizer and Between Stabilizer and Nitrocellulose in Propellants

HPLC analysis of the stabilizer is one of the major methods in use for surveillance testing of diphenylamine (DPA) stabilized propellants. Often 0.2% DPA is used as a minimum content for safe propellants. In most cases the propellant can be stored much longer after this limit has been reached without any risk for self‐ignition. We report here about a reaction where DPA bonds to nitrocellulose, leaving a non extractable aromatic stabilizing compound left in the propellant, resulting in a longer time to autocatalysis than predicted. Diphenylnitramine is discussed as a possible intermediary compound occurring from the reaction between DPA and nitrocellulose. This should add to a better understanding of the degradation processes in propellants.     

Designer enzyme and cell applications in industry and in environmental monitoring

Renewed world interest in enzyme biotechnological industries now derives from the expectation that many new biocatalysts will be created by genetic engineering associated with protein engineering designer techniques, or by chemical modification of existing enzymes by use of protein tailoring methods. The biocatalysts produced are mainly enzymes, abzymes (catalytic antibodies) and synthesis (synthetic analogues or mimics), and these will be used in industry, synthesis, therapy: and in bioanalysis of components of foodstuffs, and the environment including water, air and soil. The biocatalysts, including whole cells, are firstly incorporated into a particular bioreactor form by use of enzyme engineering techniques such as immobilization, and are then used, as appropriate, to modify their substrates. Improved processing or enhanced products are thereby achieved in the case of manufacturing industry: or monitoring signals are generated, often in the form of a measurable change in current flow, in the case of environmental biosensors. Designer enzymes and cells can be made now for identified applications where the presently available biocatalysts are inadequate, incompatible or uncompetitive.     

EZH2 Down-Regulation Exacerbates Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in in Vitro and in Vivo NAFLD

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent, chronic liver diseases, worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease caused by complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Recently, several microRNAs, some of which epigenetically regulated, have been found to be up- and/or down-regulated during NAFLD development. However, in NAFLD, the essential role of the Polycomb Group protein Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), which controls the epigenetic silencing of specific genes and/or microRNAs by trimethylating Lys27 on histone H3, still remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the nuclear expression/activity of the EZH2 protein is down-regulated both in livers from NAFLD rats and in the free fatty acid-treated HepG2. The drop in EZH2 is inversely correlated with: (i) lipid accumulation; (ii) the expression of pro-inflammatory markers including TNF-α and TGF-β; and (iii) the expression of miR-200b and miR-155. Consistently, the pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 by 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) significantly reduces EZH2 expression/activity, while it increases lipid accumulation, inflammatory molecules and microRNAs. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the defective activity of EZH2 can enhance the NAFLD development by favouring steatosis and the de-repression of the inflammatory genes and that of specific microRNAs.     

咪鲜胺在粤浙两地水稻和土壤中残留动态

为了评价咪鲜胺在水稻上使用后的残留动态及环境安全性，在广东、浙江两地同时进行了咪鲜胺在水稻上的残留动态试验。结果表明：在广东地区，咪鲜胺在植株中的半衰期为2．59d，在土壤中的半衰期为2．46d，在稻田水的半衰期为0．46d；在浙江地区，咪鲜胺在植株中的半衰期为3．08d，在土壤中的半衰期为1．89d，在稻田水的半衰期为1．52d。收获的水稻糙米中咪鲜胺最终残留量均低于0．5mg／kg。     

讲授中有研究，学习中有运用

本文从化学反应工程分析的讲授体会出发,分析探讨了硕士学位课程的性质,讲授过程中教材的选取、内容和方法的把握,以及如何根据学生的具体情况,采用更有针对性的课堂讲解的议题。     

生物表面活性剂在日化行业的研究及应用进展

综述了生物表面活性剂在日化行业的研究进展和用于日化行业的生物表面活性剂新产品,探讨了生物表面活性剂在日化行业的应用优势及限制因素,指出了应对措施并对其在日化行业的应用前景进行了展望。     

Advances in Plant Metabolomics and Its Applications in Stress and Single-Cell Biology

In the past two decades, the post-genomic era envisaged high-throughput technologies, resulting in more species with available genome sequences. In-depth multi-omics approaches have evolved to integrate cellular processes at various levels into a systems biology knowledge base. Metabolomics plays a crucial role in molecular networking to bridge the gaps between genotypes and phenotypes. However, the greater complexity of metabolites with diverse chemical and physical properties has limited the advances in plant metabolomics. For several years, applications of liquid/gas chromatography (LC/GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been constantly developed. Recently, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)-MS has shown utility in resolving isomeric and isobaric metabolites. Both MS and NMR combined metabolomics significantly increased the identification and quantification of metabolites in an untargeted and targeted manner. Thus, hyphenated metabolomics tools will narrow the gap between the number of metabolite features and the identified metabolites. Metabolites change in response to environmental conditions, including biotic and abiotic stress factors. The spatial distribution of metabolites across different organs, tissues, cells and cellular compartments is a trending research area in metabolomics. Herein, we review recent technological advancements in metabolomics and their applications in understanding plant stress biology and different levels of spatial organization. In addition, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in multiple stress interactions, multi-omics, and single-cell metabolomics.