A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier discharge

One of the specific features of the barrier electric discharge is the short duration of microdischarge processes that last about tens of nanoseconds. A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier electric discharge is presented. A voltage of tens of kilovolts is usually applied to electrodes of the discharge cell. The peak values of the current pulse may be very high (from a few amperes to several tens of amperes). The presented high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator, having a sufficiently simple design, ensures quite good pulse repetition stability, and, when necessary, allows one to easily tune characteristics of pulses and their repetition rates by changing the geometrical, electrical, and physical-chemical parameters of the setup.     

A high-frequency semiconductor generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses

A generator of high-voltage rectangular nanosecond pulses equipped with switches in the form of assemblies of deep-level dynistors connected in series is described. A control circuit for dynistors based on an assembly of inversely switched-off diodes connected in series is considered. The generator can operate at a frequency of 10 Hz and form (at a 20-pF load) rectangular voltage pulses with short (4 ns) leading and trailing edges and a short (25 ns) delay relative to an external control signal. The amplitude and duration of output pulses are controlled smoothly in the ranges 7–9 kV and 100–600 ns, respectively. The spread of moments of operation is within 0.5 ns.     

A high-frequency semiconductor generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses

A high-frequency generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses based on an assembly of drift step-recovery diodes is described. A circuit that includes parallel transistor chains for the formation of forward and reverse currents of drift diodes is presented. The results of tests of this generator are presented. Voltage pulses with an amplitude of 2.5 kV, a duration of 2 ns, and a pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz were obtained across a 50-Ω load.     

Magnetotransistor generator for powering a copper vapor laser

A generator designed to excite a copper vapor laser is described. A high-voltage switch used in the generator circuit is based on ten IGBT transistors connected in series and operates jointly with two sections of magnetic pulse compression. A Kulon LT-10Cu sealed-off and self-heated gas-discharge tube with an average consumed power of 1.4 kW is used as an active element. The maximum power emitted by the active element is 13 W, at which the amplitude of the current flowing through this element is 180 A, the pulse duration at the base is 100 ns, and the pulse repetition rate is 17 kHz.     

A compact repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge

Uniform and stable discharge plasma requires very short duration pulses with fast rise times. A repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge is presented in this paper. It is constructed with all solid-state components. Two-stage magnetic compression is used to generate a short duration pulse. Unlike in some reported studies, common commercial fast recovery diodes instead of a semiconductor opening switch (SOS) are used in our experiment that plays the role of SOS. The SOS-like effects of four different kinds of diodes are studied experimentally to optimize the output performance. It is found that the output pulse voltage is higher with a shorter reverse recovery time, and the rise time of pulse becomes faster when the falling time of reverse recovery current is shorter. The SOS-like effect of the diodes can be adjusted by changing the external circuit parameters. Through optimization the pulse generator can provide a pulsed voltage of 40 kV with a 40 ns duration, 10 ns rise time, and pulse repetition frequency of up to 5 kHz. Diffuse plasma can be formed in air at standard atmospheric pressure using the developed pulse generator. With a light weight and small packaging the pulse generator is suitable for gas discharge application.     

A high-voltage stable-pulse generator

A high-voltage pulse generator producing pulses with a stable flat top is described. It is based on a multistage amplitude discriminator with inductance coils. The generator produces pulses with an amplitude of up to ?20 kV, a top width of up to 200 μs, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 50 Hz at a 20-kΩ load. The top width voltage instability does not exceed ±20 V. The generator is used in the power supply system of the INR linac H^? injector-based ion source.     

A high-voltage pulse generator for electric-discharge technologies

The electric circuit and design of a high-volta ge pulse generator with an output voltage of ≥3 50 kV is described. The generator operates in the nanosecond range of pulse durations (~300 ns) at a repetition rate of up to 10 pulses/s in a continuous mode and is intended for electric-discharge technologies. The energy stored in the generator is ~600 J, and the energy released in a pulse is ≥300 J. A discharge of a capacitive storage through a toroidal pulsed transformer and a discharge gap is used in the generator.     

A generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses with a subnanosecond rise time

A generator of high-voltage pulses of nanosecond duration with a subnanosecond rise time is described. The generator contains a nanosecond-pulse shaper based on an assembly of drift step-recovery diodes (DSRDs) connected in series and a sharpening switch based on an assembly of deep-level dynistors (DLDs) connected in series. The results of tests of this generator at a pulse repetition rate of 100 Hz are presented. Voltage pulses with an amplitude of 20 kV, a rise time of 0.3 ns, and a duration of 10 ns are formed across a load with a resistance of 50 Ω.     

Operation simulation of a high-voltage nanosecond multistage generator

A model of a high-voltage nanosecond multistage generator employing series voltage addition in the transmission line with stepwise adjustment of the wave impedance is described. The forming lines are coaxial to the transmission line. The generator contains three arrays of switches which are brought into operation one-by-one with a delay equal to the time in which the electromagnetic wave propagates between them, thus forming across a 2.5-kΩ load a pulse whose amplitude is five times higher than the charge voltage of the forming lines. The calculated generator efficiency on an 8.4-Ω matched load is 95%.     

A high-current pulse generator for gas discharge pumping

A generator has been designed for pumping a pseudospark gas discharge in xenon with the aim of generating UV radiation at a wavelength of 13.5 nm. The output parameters of the generator are as follows: the pulse energy is 10 J, the voltage is 6 kV, the peak current when short circuited is 40 kA, the base current pulse duration is 200 ns, and the frequency is as high as 500 Hz.     

A compact subnanosecond high-voltage bipolar pulse generator with spark gaps

Two modifications of the compact subnanosecond high-voltage bipolar pulse generator with an active unit based on a high-impedance charging line, forming line, and two uncontrolled nitrogen spark gaps without gas purging are studied. In both cases, the forming lines are charged with compression of the energies of incident pulses with a ∼160-kV amplitude, a ∼4-ns duration, and a ∼1.5-ns leading edge. The difference of operation modes of the circuits and their efficiency are specified by a point of connecting the load. In conditions of nanosecond prebreakdown overvoltage at a 100-Hz repetition rate, the spark gaps were energized with a relative scatter of ±(100–170) ps, thus specifying the stability of the shape of output bipolar pulses with a voltage difference up to 250 kV.     

A compact high-voltage nanosecond marx generator based on air-field dischargers

Results of the development and study of a 14-stage air high-voltage pulse generator with an output voltage of up to 250 kV, a current rise time of 10 ns, and blow capacitance of 400 pF are presented. The design and the schematic circuit diagram of the generator are described.     

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for exciting diffuse gas discharges at atmospheric pressure

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator intended for studying diffuse discharges in gases at pressures close or equal to atmospheric pressure is described. The generator produces pulses with an ∼50-ns (at half-height) duration, a >50-kV voltage amplitude, a 10- to 12-ns rise time, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 1 kHz across an equivalent load (1.3 kΩ, 15 pF). The generator is based on available cheap components, and the amplitude (energy) of output pulses and their repetition rate can be promptly regulated in a wide range. The generator is immune to noise and reliable.     

Reversible, high-voltage square-wave pulse generator for triggering spark gaps

A design is presented for a reversible, square-pulse generator that employs coaxial cables for charge storage and pulse formation and a thyratron as the switch. The generator has a nominal output voltage of 5-30 kV and a pulse duration determined by the cable's physical length. Two variations are presented: (1) a single-stage one consisting of cable that is charged via its shield on one end and discharged with a thyratron on the opposite end and (2) a two-stage one having an inverting circuit that uses a coaxial cable to reverse the polarity of the pulse. The generator operates with "flying shields," i.e., high-voltage pulses also propagate on the outside of the cables; this calls for a dedicated insulation that avoids breakdown between sections of the cable's shield. The rise time obtained is mostly dictated by the switching time of the thyratron; with the one we used in the tests, rise times in the range of 30-40 ns were obtained. We present the results obtained in the implementation of the generators as well as its application to fire a large Marx generator.     

A high-power,high-frequency pulse generator based on a hollow-cathode discharge

A high-power high-frequency generator based on a hollow-cathode gas discharge is described. This simple device, equipped with a cold cathode, produces high-frequency pulses with up to 200-kW of power in a frequency band of 20–60 MHz. The duration of the high-frequency pulses varies from 0.5 to 1.5 s.Translated from Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta, No. 1, 2005, pp. 86–89.Original Russian Text Copyright ¢ 2004 by Vyalykh, Dubinov, Lvov, Sadovoi, Selemir.     

A high-power semiconductor switch of high-voltage pulses with a rise time of nanosecond duration

The results of studies of new fast-acting semiconductor devices—deep-level dynistors intended for use in high-power devices of nano-and microsecond pulsed-power technology—are presented. The possibility of switching multikiloampere current pulses having a rise rate of 200 kA/μs with the use of a single device with a 12-mm-diameter structure is shown. A high-power switch based on an assembly of dynistors with an operating voltage of 12 kV connected in series is described. The switch is capable of switching current pulses with a 1200-A amplitude and a 4-ns rise time.     

A semiconductor opening switch-based quasi-rectangualr pulse generator operating into a low-impedance load

A generator with a semiconductor opening switch (SOS-diode) operating into a low-impedance load of 4–5 Ω is studied. The amplitude of quasi-rectangular pulses is 50 kV at a half-height duration of 100 ns. The energy is applied from an intermediate storage via a spark gap to the output generator stage. The output pulse is formed by solid-state components.     

基于 CPLD的双通道高压脉冲信号源

针对声波测井压电陶瓷换能器容性大的负载特性,采用单片机和CPLD相结合的方式设计了一种输出幅度高、驱动电流大、脉冲宽度可调的双通道高压脉冲信号源。系统利用C8051F350单片机及PWM控制芯片MM33060A,并结合自耦变压器反激式升压电路将12 V直流供电电压抬升至300 V。采用CPLD产生精确的频率可控的300 V脉冲电压,利用脉冲变压器进一步提升电压,得到了上千伏的高压激励脉冲。实验结果标明,设计的信号源在激励压电陶瓷换能器时,负载上得到了比较理想的波形,波形上升沿陡峭,无拖尾及振荡现象,满足实际应用需求。