波长路由网络选路时的光信号质量限制研究

光网络中,路由与波长分配(RWA)算法是最优化网络性能的核心问题之一,传统的RWA算法都假设光网络的物理层状态是理想的,即不存在光信号传输损伤的问题.通过对这个缺陷的分析,将光信号的传输损伤问题充分考虑到路由与波长分配算法中,从算法的角度来实现对光信号的传输保护,这样做不仅能有效防止业务的物理损伤阻塞,还能极大地提高光网络的性能.     

WDM光网络的光路传输质量估计算法

在波长路由WDM光网中,信号在路由与波长分配算法(RWA)选定的光路上传输．传输过程中引入的各种串扰和噪声使信号的传输质量受到损伤,信号质量不断下降,目的结点无法正确有效地接收光信号。通过定义合理的结点和传输链路模型．提出了一种考虑线性传输损伤的比特错误率估算方法．在光路建立之前预先估计WDM网络中将要建立光路的传输质量,以此作为网络优化设计过程中RWA算法选路的依据。通过网络仿真和实验验证了算法的正确性。     

基于改进蚁群算法的卫星光网络波长分配方法

路由与波长分配是下一代光网络的需要解决的核心问题之一。本文采用智能蚁群算法,研究了卫星光网络的路由与波长分配问题,为通信请求寻找最优的数据传输光路径。基于请求区域受限策略(Restricted Request Area,RRA)和链路波长负载平衡策略,建立了考虑传输延迟和波长连续性约束的双主星分布式星群节点结构光网络系统模型。利用智能蚁群路由和波长分配(Smart Ant Colony Routing AndWavelength Assignment,SAC-RWA)算法求解系统模型,以找到具有稀疏波长转换的卫星光网络中最小成本波长路径。所提出的算法允许单个蚂蚁同时完成路由和波长分配,仿真结果表明,RRA能够明显改进卫星光网络的性能,以略微增加拥塞率的代价显著降低了计算复杂度。     

基于最小化平均分组跳的波长路由环网逻辑拓扑设计

本文提出了用混合整数线性规则（ＭＩＬＰ）进行波长路由环网的逻辑拓扑设计。对于给定的通信流量矩阵,其目标函数是最小经平均分组跳。以双向环网为例,对于不同网络结构参数的情况,进行了计算分析并给出了数值结果。对双向环网和单向环网的网络性能进行了比较分析。     

WDM环网波长分配算法探点

WDM环网以其结构简单、生存性好等特点而成为目前大多数WDM光网络研究和实验项目的首选网络结构。而波长分配是光网络优化设计中的一项关键技术。所谓波长分配就是把网络中的业务连接（即需要建立的光通路）以最优化方式映射到网络的物理资源上。其优化目标可以是最小化网络资源（如波长数最小），也可以是最大化网络中可以建立的连接数。目前，有些资料中已针对环网中的波长分配提出了几种启发式算法，但是这此算法都把波长分配中紧密关联的路由和波长分配这两部分割裂开并独立优化，而本文提出的算法则把这两部分综合到同一个优化过程中，从而提高了算法的效率和性能。     

基于石英光纤的光信号传输研究

为提高光信号在石英光纤中的传输能力和传输效果,通过分析光信号传输原理,确定出数值孔径的范围,提出实现单模传输的三项参数选择方法,采用不同类型的石英光纤传输不同光波长的光信号,达到最佳的传输效果。充分使用光信号在石英光纤中的衰减特性和色散特性,达到远距离、高速率的光信号传输能力。     

大容量,高性能多信道光纤环网

本文对所提出的大容量、高性能多信道环网进行了详细分析,指出该网络特别适合于作为高性能LAN/MAN和互连网络中的主干网。通过采用多信道并行传输和动态路由控制技术可大大提高网络吞吐量,减少分组端一端平均传输延时,避免网内拥挤发生和提高网络容错特性。最后,本文还对该网络作为LANs互连主干网的情况进行了性能分析,分析证明了该网络的突出特性。     

基于混沌的光网络物理层防护技术研究与设计

围绕光网络信息抗截获传输需求,文章探究了光网络物理层防护方法。提出了基于多维光混沌加密的光网络物理层防护技术,将相位偏振变换技术与光混沌技术相结合,通过多级光混沌增强信号保密度,实现了光网络超低信息截获概率传输;借助数据链路层的信息交互、波长路由和标签转发技术,进一步实现了多节点光混沌组网;将多维加密收发模块直接应用于现有光通信传输网点中,替代传统通信节点实现信号的高保密传输,该技术完全兼容现有密集波分复用光网络,有效降低了通信投资成本。     

静态环型波长路由光网络中RWA问题的研究

RWA问题是静态环型波长路由光网络中的一个核心问题.随着RWA优化算法求解方式的简化,算法的运算效率得到了提高,但却牺牲了解的优化性能.如何使优化效率和时间效率协调统一是当前环网波长路由光网络中RWA优化算法设计的难点.本文对静态波长路由光网络中RWA问题进行了阐述,综述了当前国内外的RWA算法,并对静态环网中几种新的算法进行了分析研究.     

有线数字电视市县联网光纤环网系统的设计与实践

通过对基于DVB—C1550nm长距离模拟单向光纤传输系统改造为自愈性环网的实践。解决了1550nm光纤环网工程中遇到的接收点主路与备路信号源QAM频点不一致，接收点光功率变化的控制及接收点主路、备路信号切换控制3个主要问题，说明了1550nm光纤环网在有线数字电视市县联网中的广泛应用前景。     

Link-State-Based Algorithms for Dynamic Routing in All-Optical Networks with Ring Topologies

The increased usage of large bandwidth in optical networks raises the problems of efficient routing to allow these networks to deliver fast data transmission with low blocking probabilities. Due to limited optical buffering in optical switches and constraints of high switching speeds, data transmitted over optical networks must be routed without waiting queues along a path from source to destination. Moreover, in optical networks deprived of wavelength converters, it is necessary for each established path to transfer data from source to destination by using only one wavelength. To solve this NP-hard problem, many algorithms have been proposed for dynamic optical routing like Fixed-Paths Least Congested (FPLC) routing or Least Loaded Path Routing (LLR). This paper proposes two heuristic algorithms based on former algorithms to improve network throughput and reduce blocking probabilities of data transmitted in all-optical networks with regard to connection costs. We also introduce new criteria to estimate network congestion and choose better routing paths. Experimental results in ring networks show that both new algorithms achieve promising performance.     

一种新型的动态路由和波长分配算法

本文讨论了WDM光网中，在动态业务流量和有限范围波长变换情况下的动态路由和波长分配（RWA）问题，基于Moone-Dijkstra算法，考虑到动态波长变换的可能和限制，提出了一种新型的、可实现动态最小代价路由和最佳虚波长通道的综合启发式算法（DMC－OVMP）。该算法对路由子问题和波长分配子问题既相互独立，又相互结合，优化了RWA，保证了网络信息传输的安全性。对中国教育和科研计算机网（CERNET）基于本算法进行了计算机仿真，实现了低的网络阻塞率。     

部分共享波长转换光网络动态路由的改进算法

提出了一种应用于部分共享波长转换（PWC）的波长路由光网络（WRON）中的基于节点阻塞的动态路由算法,它不需要共享复杂的波长转换信息,而是将各节点的阻塞特性考虑到路由过程中。为评价算法性能,在14节点的国家科学基金网（NSFNET）拓扑中进行了仿真。结果表明,新的路由算法显著改善了网络的阻塞性能和建路失败的概率,尤其是随着网络负载的降低,网络性能的改善更显著。     

Wavelength Conversion in WDM Optical Networks: Strategies and Algorithms for Limiting the Number of Converters in the Optical Cross-Connects

This paper considers the problem of wavelength conversion in optical networks using wavelength division multiplexing technique. In the previous literature, two main wavelength routing and assignment strategies have been introduced: wavelength path (WP) and virtual wavelength path (VWP), depending on whether the signal stays on the same wavelength or is converted to another during its travel throughout the network. While the former method does not require any wavelength conversion, the latter needs wavelength conversion in each optical node and, in particular, a wavelength converter per each signal handled by the node itself. From the previous literature emerged that the VWP leads to optical cross-connect (OXC) with lower dimensions compared to the ones required by the WP scheme, and that the difference between the WP and VWP schemes increases as the number of wavelengths carried by each fiber increases. In this paper a new strategy is introduced, named partial virtual wavelength path (PVWP), with the related wavelength routing and assignment algorithm, which makes limited use of wavelength conversion compared to the VWP scheme, and allows the same advantages of VWP to be attained with lower OXC dimensions. The paper reports a comparative analysis among the different strategies, considering both the cases of a network without failures and a network with the possibility of failure restoration. The main result is that the proposed PVWP strategy allows the same advantages of the VWP scheme with a strongly reduced number of wavelength converters (around 5% of the number required by VWP scheme). This figure does not vary appreciably if failure restoration is considered. The new strategy can be adopted by using an opportune OXC architecture, as illustrated in the paper, which allow a limited number of converters to be shared among all the channels as a common pool.     

基于相对容量损失的一种改进波长寻路算法

本文提出一种改进的基于相对容量损失（RCL）最小的波长分配和路由选择算法-DPRCL算法.该算法通过发送探测报文得到光路容量损失率,从而选择具有最小光路容量损失率的波长和路由建立连接.在不牺牲阻塞性能的情况下,DPRCL大大减小了实现复杂度以及网络开销,并适用于采用分布式控制的自适应路由的网络环境,而不限于RCL的固定路由方式.     

波分复用光传送网中备用选路下的选路和波长分配算法

本文研究了动态业务下,波分复用光传送网的选路和波长分配问题,提出了一种基于备用选路的选路和波长分配算法.与文献中已有的利用全网信息的备用选路的算法相比,该算法能更加精确地描述建立光路对全网的影响,选择对网络状态影响最小的路由-波长对来建立光路,促进网络资源的有效利用.计算机仿真表明,不论在规则的格型环网还是非规则的网络中,在阻塞率性能方面,在大多数情况下该算法优于文献中已有的备用选路算法;同时它也能改善公平性.     

基于业务的光接入网路由选择算法

光接入网有着不同于光骨干网的特点和问题,不能直接套用光骨干网的路由选择算法。提出了一种基于业务的光接入网的路由选择算法。其思想是根据业务类型和重要性构建不同的带权图模型,每一种模型采用相应的子算法,使整体资源得到合理配置。实践证明,该算法能够改善网络的传输质量。     

Provisioning Methods for Bit-Rate-Differentiated Services in Hybrid Optical Networks

This paper addresses the problem of routing and wavelength assignment of bit-rate-differentiated optical services in a hybrid network. Hybrid optical networks are composed of resources, such as fiber links and photonic/electronic switches, that vary in their capabilities and transmission qualities. These networks are also responsible for the realization of optical services with varying quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees. In such networks, it is required to have a cost-effective assignment of the optical and electronic resources to these services in order to maximize the revenue of the network operator. This paper deals with optical services that are defined according to their tolerance to transmission impairments. We first divide the provisioning problem into two phases: (1) routing and (2) wavelength assignment and regeneration reservation. In the routing phase, a set of k-routes are generated to select from in the second phase, where each route optimizes a specific aspect of the problem (e.g., number of hops, maximum accumulated noise, etc.). The second phase, using the information about the resources along each route, attempts at finding the best wavelength allocation on that route such that the signal quality meets the service-level agreement (SLA). The second phase also uses the minimum number of regenerator ports on intermediate nodes for the purpose of wavelength translation and signal clean-up. Comparisons of the above scheme with a probing-based method, reveal substantial enhancements to the blocking performance with a maximum running time increase of 60%. In addition, the use of multiple routes provides higher reduction in the blocking probability over single-routing schemes. Moreover, the proposed, non-pessimistic, provisioning approach has a major impact on reducing the regeneration budget of the network.     

光网络中一种考虑信号损伤限制和服务质量区分的动态RWA算法

在光网络中,光信号沿着路由与波长分配(RWA)算法选定的光通路传输的过程中会受到各种信号损伤的影响而导致信号质量的不断下降,严重影响着业务的服务质量(QoS).而光网络中多样化的客户层业务往往有着不同的QoS的需求,因此有必要根据不同的业务QoS需求对光信号损伤的影响进行不同程度的控制.针对这一问题,提出了一种能同时考虑信号损伤限制和服务质量区分的动态RWA算法,并通过计算机仿真的方法对其性能进行了分析和验证.结果表明:该算法既能克服光网络中信号损伤的影响又能为不同级别的业务提供不同的QoS保证,更贴近实际需求.