Resistance distance method for determination of isomorphism,stiffness and best input link among planar Kinematic chains

The detection of isomorphism among kinematic chains and their derived mechanisms has been a hot area of research for the last several years. In this paper, a quantitative method (Resistance distance method) is proposed in order to compare all the distinct chains with specified number of links and degree of freedom, for rigidity of the chain and to select the best input link to introduce motion and to test isomorphism thoroughly and uniquely. In this method, the kinematic chains are represented in the form of resistance graph and from that graph a Laplacian matrix is generated which is further transformed into a resistance distance matrix.     

一种进行运动链和机构同构判定的新方法

提出了一个用来检测多个平面运动链之间的同构对象的新的恒量序列,该恒量序列把杆的级别和运动副的类型、自由度都考虑在内,被称为改进了的各杆总距离等级序列。并提出了一个用以得到这个恒量序列的算法。同时,本文还提出了一个用于检测给定的一个运动链中的非同构机构的计算机辅助方法     

平面运动链同构识别方法的研究

同构识别在机构类型综合中占有重要位置。本文在对含高副平面运动链分析的基础上，提出了含高副平面运动链支路码的概念，并提出了一种用计算机对含高副和不含高副的平面运动链均适用的同构识别方法。该方法不受运动链杆数和自由度数的限制，且速度快、计算量少。经大量实例计算，该方法行之有效     

平面运动链类型综合的基杆构形树法

在对平面机构闭式运动链结构组成进行研究后,提出运动链类型综合的基杆构形树法。首先,针对给定的构件数与自由度,基于缩杆邻接矩阵综合出运动链连杆序列、缩杆序列、构件度序列以及基杆联结度序列等恒量序列。然后,归纳出基于缩杆邻接矩阵对运动链进行类型综合的方法与步骤,定义了基杆构形树,并用基杆构形树综合出运动链的基杆构形矩阵,进一步研究了综合运动链联结矩阵的缩杆匹配方法。由于基杆构形树法在综合过程中按杆的级别、运动副数目以及联结关系等结构不变量将运动链进行了分类细化,因此综合规律性强、效率高,有利于减少后续刚性子链消除与运动链同构识别的计算量,尤其适合于多杆多自由度平面机构闭式运动链的计算机自动综合,并在12杆以下平面机构闭式运动链的类型综合中得到成功的应用。同时,以10杆单自由度机构运动链的类型综合为例进行了实例分析。     

基于缩杆邻接矩阵的平面运动链同构识别

在研究了平面机构运动链结构不变量的基础上,基于缩杆邻接矩阵提出了3个新的运动链结构恒量序列,这些恒量序列将杆的级别、运动副数目以及各杆的连接关系考虑在内。并进一步提出了以它们对运动链进行同构识别的缩杆邻接矩阵法,该方法具有操作简单、可靠性好、识别效率高等特点。     

基于转化邻接矩阵的含复铰运动链描述与同构识别

针对机构分析与综合中复合铰链难以处理和含复铰运动链同构识别困难的问题,分析复合铰链的内部结构,提出引入Pin构件将复合铰链转化为多个并联单铰链的新方法,从而将含复铰运动链转化为只含单铰的简单运动链。定义运动链转换邻接矩阵,用于描述含复铰运动链,通过分析发现该矩阵的内涵性质丰富,方便运动链的分析。提出运用转换邻接矩阵的阶数、对角线元素矢量、矩阵特征值和特征矢量等参数识别判断含复铰运动链同构关系的方法,这些特征参数是含复铰运动链的不变量。实例证明,利用转化邻接矩阵可简单、方便、直观地描述含复铰运动链,其特征值和特征矢量用于识别含复铰运动链的同构关系,具有准确、高效和简便的特点。定义的转化邻接矩阵及其运用方法为复合铰链的处理以及含复铰运动链的识别提供了新的途径。     

利用邻接矩阵的幂序列进行运动链和机构的同构判定

从同构的图论意义出发,提出了一个新的运动链结构不变量,进而提出了利用邻接矩阵的幂序列进行运动链同构判定的方法。它与现有的其他方法相比,具有直观、简便和显明图论依据的特点,且该方法不仅可以实现运动链的同构判定,而且可以成功地判定一般图的同构。在此基础上,本文最后给出了从同一运动链中识别出不同机构的两个方法。     

平面多杆机构杆组自动生成方法

阿苏尔杆组理论指出,通过对不同运动链选取不同的机架和原动件,能够得到各种可能的阿苏尔杆组与机构构型。基于这一理论提出一种阿苏尔杆组的自动生成方法。针对杆组的结构特点,提出简单易行的杆组同构判别方法,该判别方法也适用于平面多杆机构运动链的同构判别。联合应用运动链的邻接矩阵与关联矩阵,使得自动生成算法与计算机编程相结合,实现了平面多杆机构杆组的自动生成。该自动生成机构杆组的方法理论简单,编程可操作性强,能够实现多杆运动链在构成机构时杆组的准确快速的拆分。该方法将杆组的拆分过程与由杆组搭接形成机构的过程相联系,对拆分得到的所有杆组与机构构型进行同构判别,得到了六杆以内的13种杆组,以及由八杆运动链构成的153种机构。     

平面运动链同构识别的距离和序列法

对平面机构运动链结构组成进行探讨后,研究了运动链中的结构不变量,并基于缩杆邻接矩阵提出了4个新的运动链结构恒量序列,这些恒量序列将杆的级别、运动副数目以及各杆的连接关系考虑在内。以此为基础,提出了对运动链进行同构识别的距离和序列法。该方法实质上是对运动链进行分类同构识别,因此具有操作简单、可靠性好、识别效率高等特点,已成功应用于12杆以下机构运动链型综合时的同构识别     

平面闭式运动链简图自动绘制的最大环路法

机构运动链结构简图的自动绘制,直接关系到机构设计的效率与可靠性。在对平面闭式机构运动链的拓扑特性研究基础上,基于缩杆邻接矩阵,提出一种运动链结构简图自动绘制的最大环路方法。此方法采用广度优先生成树算法获得运动链的独立回路,并通过独立回路的加减运算得到最大可行外环。根据回路关系逐步修正最大可行外环,使各独立回路成为其非交叉规范化内环。在运动链结构简图绘制过程中,根据外环和内环情况,将运动链中的运动副布置在由外往内的同心圆内接正多边形的顶点上,使绘制的运动链简图规范、美观。在对这种基于外环与内环关系的简图自动绘制算法研究过程中,借助多个机构实例进行说明。研究与应用结果表明,最大环路法具有实现简单、方法完备的特点,适用于多杆多自由度平面闭式运动链结构简图的自动绘制,应用于机构设计中,可极大地提高设计效率。     

Synthesis of a complete set of contracted graphs for planar non-fractionated simple-jointed kinematic chains with all possible DOFs

The contracted graph shows the primary topological structure of kinematic chains and is the foundation for constructing kinematic structures of mechanisms. In this paper, a fully-automatic method is proposed to synthesize a complete set of contracted graphs for planar non-fractionated simple-jointed kinematic chains with all possible degrees of freedom. First, based on the 4-parameter index and link assortment array, the relationships of link assortment arrays and non-fractionated contracted graphs for different types of kinematic chains are revealed. Then, the general steps to generate the adjacency matrices of contracted graphs from the synthesis equation set are given. Efficient methods to detect fractionated structures and isomorphism are also addressed. Finally, a human-machine interactive synthesis program is developed, and the complete list of both contracted graphs and valid contracted graphs for planar non-fractionated simple-jointed kinematic chains with up to 19 links and all possible degrees of freedom is presented for the first time.     

Similar Vertices and Isomorphism Detection for Planar Kinematic Chains Based on Ameliorated Multi-Order Adjacent Vertex Assignment Sequence

Isomorphism detection is fundamental to the synthesis and innovative design of kinematic chains(KCs).The detec-tion can be performed accurately by using the similarity of KCs.However,there are very few works on isomorphism detection based on the properties of similar vertices.In this paper,an ameliorated multi-order adjacent vertex assign-ment sequence(AMAVS)method is proposed to seek out similar vertices and identify the isomorphism of the planar KCs.First,the specific definition of AMAVS is described.Through the calculation of the AMAVS,the adjacent vertex value sequence reflecting the uniqueness of the topology features is established.Based on the value sequence,all possible similar vertices,corresponding relations,and isomorphism discrimination can be realized.By checking the topological graph of KCs with a different number of links,the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method are verified.Finally,the method is employed to implement the similar vertices and isomorphism detection of all the 9-link 2-DOF(degree of freedom)planar KCs.     

In quest of a reliable and efficient computational test for detection of isomorphism in kinematic chains

The test based on comparison of the characteristic coefficients of the adjancency matrices of the corresponding graphs for detection of isomorphism in kinematic chains has been shown to fail in the case of two pairs of ten-link, simple-jointed chains, one pair corresponding to single-freedom chains and the other pair corresponding to three-freedom chains. An assessment of the merits and demerits of available methods for detection of isomorphism in graphs and kinematic chains is presented, keeping in view the suitability of the methods for use in computerized structural synthesis of kinematic chains. A new test based on the characteristic coefficients of the “degree” matrix of the corresponding graph is proposed for detection of isomorphism in kinematic chains. The new test is found to be successful in the case of a number of examples of graphs where the test based on characteristic coefficients of adjancency matrix fails. It has also been found to be successful in distinguishing the structures of all known simple-jointed kinematic chains in the categories of (a) single-freedom chains with up to 10 links, (b) two-freedom chains with up to 9 links and (c) three-freedom chains with up to 10 links.     

STUDY ON ISOMORPHISM OF PLANAR KINEMATIC CHAINS

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＩＳＯＭＯＲＰＨＩＳＭＯＦＰＬＡＮＡＲＫＩＮＥＭＡＴＩＣＣＨＡＩＮＳＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＩＳＯＭＯＲＰＨＩＳＭＯＦＰＬＡＮＡＲＫＩＮＥＭＡＴＩＣＣＨＡＩＮＳＬｉＷｅｎｈｕｉ；ＺｏｕＨｕｉｊｕｎ；ＣａｏＺｈｉｋｕｉ（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＪｉａｏｔｏ...     

含复铰平面运动链拓扑对称性识别的邻接矩阵方法

提出了识别含复铰平面运动链拓扑对称性的邻接矩阵方法。根据能够反映复铰和多副杆特点的构件邻接矩阵和铰链点关联矩阵,按照构件或铰链点的划分,利用圆排列转动和圆排列对应匹配的方法进行构件或铰链点拓扑对称性的识别,并提出了基本算法。研究表明:该方法能应用于无复铰平面运动链,并且具有简便、直观、可靠和便于用计算机进行处理等特点。     

内力封闭自适应机构初始运动链综合的胚图支链法

根据内力封闭型自适应机构初始运动链的自由度特征,提出了一种运动链构型综合的新方法,即胚图支链法。此方法视运动链由多元素杆和支链两部分构成,并通过一种有序分步的方法构建运动链的拓扑胚图,然后在拓扑胚图上配置支链形成广义拓扑图,再转化为运动链。利用此方法,综合出了自由度为0或-1的9杆、10杆运动链的全部独立构型,为内力封闭自适应机构的创新设计提供了理论依据。     

运动链拓扑胚图的同构判断

平面并联机构基于胚图的综合方法中,拓扑胚图的同构判断是关键的环节。针对不含二元杆的运动链拓扑胚图,解决它们之间的同构判断问题。运动链的拓扑胚图与拓扑图相比有着独特的个性,由于在支链上没有二元点,所以图的顶点之间的关系主要是顶点之间的相对位置。根据拓扑胚图的特性,从关于图的邻接矩阵的经典理论出发,建立图的任意顶点之间的路径数矩阵,将路径数矩阵的元素按照一定规则排列成路径数组。论证了拓扑胚图同构的条件。在度序列和一阶路径数组相等的前提下,利用二阶路径数组来判断拓扑胚图是否同构。举实例说明判断过程及具体应用。拓扑胚图同构判断问题的解决不仅为基于胚图的型综合奠定了基础,而且对于某些运动链拓扑图的同构判断也具有普遍意义。     

ADJACENT MARTIX METHOD OF IDENTIFYING ISOMORPHISM TO PLANAR KINEMATIC CHAIN WITH MULTIPLE JOINTS AND HIGHER PAIRS

The adjacent matrix method for identifying isomorphism to planar kinematic chain with multiple joints and higher pairs is presented. The topological invariants of the planar kinematic chain can be calculated and compared by adjacent matrix. The quantity of calculation can be reduced effectively using the several divisions of bars and the reconfiguration of the adjacent matrix. As two structural characteristics of adjacent matrix, the number of division and division code are presented. It can be identified that two kinematic chains are isomorphic or not by comparing the structural characteristics of their adjacent matrixes using a method called matching row-to-row. This method may be applied to the planar linkage chain too. So, the methods of identifying isomorphism are unified in the planar kinematic chain that has or hasn't higher pairs with or without multiple joints. And it has some characters such as visual, simple and convenient for processing by computer, and so on.     

含R、P副平面运动链的类型综合

对含Ｒ、Ｐ副平面运动链第Ⅱ类消极运动副判别研究的基础上［６］，本文提出了Ｒ、Ｐ副平面运动链的类型综合的步骤，并首次得到了含Ｒ、Ｐ副单自由度平面六杆运动链的所有类型     

The structure of kinematic chains which contain links of maximum degreeCтpyктypa кинeмaтичecкиx цeпэй, кoтopыe coдepжaт звeнья cтeпeни ϱ

This paper is concerned with the structure of planar kinematic chains which have total freedom, and which at the same time contain at least one link carrying the maximum possible number, p, of joints consistent with the requirements of total freedom. Using elementary concepts of graph theory this paper shows that a kinematic chain may contain up to two links of degree p; when one such link is present the kinematic chain can have total freedom only if M ? 2, whereas when two such links are present it can have total freedom if M ? 3.