1992年我国硫酸工业信息汇编

1 生产情况 1.1 产量 △ 1992年硫酸产量为14062.6kt,其中硫铁矿制酸11674.8kt、冶炼烟气制酸2115.2kt、硫磺制酸165.1kt、石膏制酸81.4kt。在硫酸产量中,硫铁矿制酸占83.02％;烟气制酸占15.04％;硫磺制酸占1.17％;石膏制酸占0.57％。1992年硫磺生产量为307.26kt。1992年硫铁矿运出量为14872.74kt。     

1991年我国硫酸工业信息汇编

1 生产情况 1.1 产量 △1991年硫酸产量为13315.2kt,其中硫铁矿制酸11053.1kt、冶炼烟气制酸2021.3kt、硫磺制酸162kt、石膏制酸78.2kt。在硫酸产量中,硫铁矿制酸占83.02％;烟气制酸占15.18％;硫磺制酸占1.21％;石膏制酸占0.59％。1991年硫铁矿生产量为14099kt。     

1990年我国硫酸工业信息汇编

生产情况 1.产量 △1990年硫酸产量为11953kt,其中硫铁矿制酸9786.8kt、冶炼烟气制酸1902.7kt、硫磺制酸227.3kt。硫铁矿生产量完成12648kt。 △1990年我国化肥共计完成18437kt养     

2006年我国硫酸生产情况

介绍了2006年我国硫酸生产情况.2006年底我国硫酸总产能超过60 000 kt/a,2006年硫酸产量(以H2SO4计)50 440 kt,其中硫磺制酸产量22 330 kt,冶炼烟气制酸产量11 630 kt,硫铁矿制酸产量15 930 kt,其它原料制酸产量550 kt.全国硫酸表观消费量为52 600 kt,其中化肥用硫酸量占总消费量的69.7%,非化肥用硫酸量占30.3%.进口硫磺8 810 kt,进口硫酸2 160 kt.预计2007年全国硫酸表观消费量57 000 kt,产量将达到55 000 kt.     

2008年我国硫酸磷肥生产概述

介绍了2008年我国硫酸磷肥生产运行情况。2008年我国硫酸总产量（以H2SO4计）53790kt,其中硫磺制酸产量20810kt,硫铁矿制酸产量16860kt,冶炼烟气制酸产量15430kt,其它原料制酸产量690kt。全年进口硫磺8420kt,进口硫酸1610kt,其中韩国硫酸占61．2％,日本硫酸占38．4％;出口硫酸382kt。我国磷肥产量（以P2O5计）12850kt,其中高浓度磷复肥产量9480kt,普钙、钙镁磷肥等低浓度磷复肥产量3370kt。预测了2009年我国硫酸行业运行趋势并提出了硫酸产业3年振兴规划。     

我国硫酸工业发展态势--在建、拟建硫酸装置情况调研

根据在建、拟建硫酸装置情况调研，分析了我国硫酸工业的发展态势，其主要表现为：发展势头迅猛；大型装置国产化日趋成熟；以磷矿、硫铁矿为依托，硫酸生产得以大力发展；硫资源得到有效综合利用；市场竞争加剧。2005，2006年在建、拟建硫酸装置105套，增加生产能力28055kt／a，其中硫磺制酸17345kt／a、冶炼烟气制酸5880kt／a、硫铁矿制酸4830kt／a。生产能力增长过快已导致硫酸市场供过于求。鉴此，建议拟建硫酸装置时应谨慎决策。     

2018年中国硫酸行业生产运行情况

介绍了2018年中国硫酸行业生产运行情况及形势分析。2018年我国硫酸总产量为96 859 kt,同比增长0.9%。其中冶炼烟气制酸产量为34 957 kt,同比增长5.6%;硫磺制酸产量为44 317 kt,同比下降0.9%;硫铁矿制酸产量为16 517 kt,同比下滑2.6%。2018年中国累计进口硫酸953 kt,同比下降21.4%。2018年中国硫磺产量约6 378 kt,同比增长7.3%;累计进口硫磺约10 781 kt,同比下降4.0%。2019年冶炼烟气制酸产能不断释放,新产能对旧产能冲击越来越大;区域性产能过剩向全国蔓延,各地区硫酸价格趋同;环保压力依然是企业面临的最严峻考验。     

2007年我国硫酸磷肥生产情况

介绍了2007年全国硫酸、磷肥生产情况.2007年全国硫酸产量(以H2SO4计)57 000 kt,其中硫磺制酸产量26550 kt,冶炼烟气制酸产量13 150 kt,硫铁矿制酸产量16 780 kt,其它原料制酸产量520 kt.全年进口硫磺9 650 kt,进口硫酸1 960 kt,其中韩国硫酸占62%,日本硫酸占38%.磷肥产量(以P2O5计)13 514 kt,其中高浓度磷复肥产量9925 kt,普钙、钙镁磷肥产量3589 kt.2007年硫磺、硫酸价格处于高价位运行,影响了磷肥和下游用酸产品的生产.预计2008年硫磺、硫酸供应偏紧、高价位运行的格局仍将继续维持.     

2010年我国硫酸磷肥生产形势分析

介绍了2010年我国硫酸磷肥生产运行情况。2010年我国硫酸总产量（以H₂SO₄计）70330kt,同比增长17.8%,其中硫磺制酸产量32980kt,冶炼烟气制酸产量19290kt,硫铁矿制酸产量17720kt。磷肥产量（以P₂O₅计）15820kt,同比增长14.2%,其中高浓度磷复肥产量13010kt,同比增长19.1%,占磷肥总产量的82.2%。全年进口硫磺10494kt,同比下降13.8%;进口硫酸1610kt,同比下降43.0%,其中韩国硫酸约占52.4%,日本硫酸约占41.3%。预计2011年我国硫酸磷肥行业将保持平稳增长的运行态势,硫酸产量在75000kt以上。分析了2011年国内硫磺供需形势及"十二五"期间硫酸行业发展。     

国内大型硫磺制酸装置近期建设投产概况

目前国内用于化肥生产的硫酸消费量约占其总消费量的70％左右。我国硫酸产量在2003年首次超过美国后。连续3年位居世界第一，国内硫酸产量已能满足化肥、化工、轻工、钢铁、纺织等各工业领域生产的需求。目前我国硫酸产业在原料结构上已形成了硫铁矿制酸、硫磺制酸、冶炼烟气制酸“三分天下”的格局。近年来由于国际硫磺价格大幅度降低，以及国内从原油加工、天然气净化和煤化工生产中回收硫磺的数量逐年增加，硫磺制酸在硫酸生产总量中所占的比例也相应提高到45％左右，目前国内已建成投产的30万t／a以上大型硫磺制酸装置有近20套，与硫铁矿制酸相比。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。