氯羟丙基磷酸酯对软质聚氨酯泡沫阻燃机理的研究

采用含活性氢的氯羟丙基磷酸酯（ＣＨＰＡ）参与ＰＵ发泡配方中的异氰酸酯反应，使生成的软质聚氨酯泡沫（软ＰＵＦ）分子含阻燃元素Ｃｌ、Ｐ而实现其阻燃化。研究结果表明，含１２ｐｈｒＣＨＰＡ的软质ＰＵＦ的阻燃性能可达ＧＢ１０８００－８９／Ｉ级。着重研究了ＣＨＰＡ对软质ＰＵＦ的阻燃机理，提出燃烧初期ＰＵＦ／ＣＨＰＡ中的Ｃ－Ｃｌ键断裂，释放出ＨＣｌ与磷酸酯作用，生成ＰＯＣｌ３、ＰＣｌ３、ＰＣｌ５等不燃性化合物。     

双层结构的智能电子秤

本文介绍一种双层结构（双ＣＰＵ）的智能电子秤，描述了内外层的主要电路特点及主要软件模块功能，着重分析了采用Ｖ／Ｆ变换器实现Ａ／Ｄ转换，用串行通讯实现汉ＣＰＵ之间的数据交换的优点。     

NURBS曲面的过渡曲面生成

曲面过渡是几何造型的关键技术之一，本文提出的ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面的过渡曲面生成方法，能够处理曲面内具有不同连续性的情况，解决了ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面的等半径，变半径过渡及三面过渡问题，并在超人ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统中实现。     

用于坐标测量机上测量与评定形位误差的软件包

为强化坐标测量机的功能，本文建立了评定直线、平面、圆、圆柱、圆锥、球等六项基本要素形状误差的、符合国家标准的数学模型，并用ＴＵＲＢＯＣ语言编制了计算程序．它不仅可直接用于评定位置时确定基准的理想要素，而且稍加扩展又可用来评定位置误差．本软件包可ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统联网，从而也极大地提高了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统的效率．     

有指定行和向量与列和向量的(0,1,…,r)-矩阵

设Ｕｒ（Ｒ，Ｓ）是所有具有指定行和向量Ｒ与列和向量Ｓ的（０，１，…，ｒ）－矩阵组成的集合，给出了Ｕｒ（Ｒ，Ｓ）的结构矩阵的一些性质，以及Ｕｒ（Ｒ，Ｓ）非空时向量Ｒ与Ｓ之间的关系。     

浅析数码相机的技术特点与类型

数码照相机（Ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ Ｓｔｉｌｌ Ｃａｍｅｒａ简称ＤＳＣ）采用ＣＣＤ或ＣＭＯＳ作为图像的纪录器件,取代了传统照相机成像物镜焦平面上的胶片。图像信息被 ＣＣＤ／ ＣＭＯＳ面阵器件上各感光单元（像素Ｐｉｘｅｌ）所纪录,以电荷存储量来表述。通过对像素阵列上电荷的读取、放大和Ａ／Ｄ转换,得到用像素矩阵描述的数字图像。将数字图像压缩与处理后,既可存储在数码相机的存储介质中,又可直接实现与计算机的图像交换。 数码成像技术是对传统的光化学成像的概念革新。数码相机的光电成像原理、系统组成和数字影像结构决定了它…     

基于PRO／E的参数化装配仿真及优化研究

选取机械设计中经典案例，单级圆柱齿轮来研究参数化仿真及优化。首先在PRO／E的环境下建立起齿轮以及齿轮轴的参数化模型，然后根据需求将各个离散零件实现装配，其次对于装配体进行静态干涉仿真，检验其是否具有可装配性，最终对检验结果进行优化，力求取得最优解。     

船体放样数据库系统设计与实现

主要讨论船舶ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ中的船体数学放样数据的计算机存取问题，并把讨论结果储诸实现。为了实现这一目标，首先把船体曲线光顺中需要处理的数据进行科学的分析，整理，编排，并此基础上给出数据库实现，方案。从而开发出适用于生产实践“船舶建造ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ一体系统”。     

CCD高速信号采集和处理系统

介绍了一种用于线阵ＣＣＤ高速数据采集的方法和系统，用双ＣＣＤ图象存储体逐场存储ＣＣＤ信号，ＣＰＵ直接对存储体进行寻址运算的原理，并用８０９７单片机构成的１６位数据总线ＣＰＵ单元，实现了ＣＣＤ信号的高速采集及处理。     

ADC,DAC静态特性测量标准

本文介绍了我国ＡＤＣ、ＤＡＣ静态特性国家测量标准装置和它的测量技术。该标准装置通过多个ＣＰＵ和计算机，可以实现全自动测量并具有很小的微分线性误差、积分线性误差、零点误差和增益误差，实际测量速度为４０Ｈｚ～２５ｋＨｚ。在文章的最后给出了所达到的技术指标。     

Chemical resolution of Pu+ from U+ and Am+ using a band-pass reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

Determination of the concentration and distribution of the Pu and Am isotopes is hindered by the isobaric overlaps between the elements themselves and U, generally requiring time-consuming chemical separation of the elements. A method is described in which chemical resolution of the elemental ions is obtained through ion-molecule reactions in a reaction cell of an ICPMS instrument. The reactions of "natural" U(+), (242)Pu(+), and (243)Am(+) with ethylene, carbon dioxide, and nitric oxide are reported. Since the net sensitivities to the isotopes of an element are similar, chemical resolution is inferred when one isobaric element reacts rapidly with a given gas and the isobar (or in this instance surrogate isotope) is unreactive or slowly reactive. Chemical resolution of the m/z 238 isotopes of U and Pu can be obtained using ethylene as a reaction gas, but little improvement in the resolution of the m/z 239 isobars is obtained. However, high efficiency of reaction of U(+) and UH(+) with CO(2), and nonreaction of Pu(+), allows the sub-ppt determination of (239)Pu, (240)Pu, and (242)Pu (single ppt for (238)Pu) in the presence of 7 orders of magnitude excess U matrix without prior chemical separation. Similarly, oxidation of Pu(+) by NO, and nonreaction of Am(+), permit chemical resolution of the isobars of Pu and Am over 2-3 orders of magnitude relative concentration. The method provides the potential for analysis of the actinides with reduced sample matrix separation.     

Properties of Host Matrices with Incorporated U and Pu Oxides,Prepared by Melting of a Zircon-Containing Heterogeneous Mixture (by Virtue of Exo Effect of Burning Metallic Fuel)

Host matrices with incorporated U and Pu oxides are obtained by melting of a zircon-containing heterogeneous mixture by virtue of exo effect of burning metallic fuel and are characterized by chemical analysis, spectrophotometric and radiometric methods, luminescence, X-ray microanalysis, and atomic emission ICP analysis. The material balance with respect to the incorporated radionuclides is preserved. The radionuclide distribution throughout the bulk of the matrix is nearly uniform. Metallic inclusions based on V, Fe, Si, and Mn, but containing no U and Pu, are found in the matrix. The investigated matrices are quite stable even under hydrothermal conditions (250°C, 30 atm): the leachability of U and Pu was determined to be 0.1-0.2 and 0.03 ppm, respectively, and that of Zr, Mn, and Fe, > 0.06 ppm.     

Effect of protein-energy malnutrition on erythropoietin requirement in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Possible interactions between inflammatory and nutritional markers and their impact on recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) hyporesponsiveness are not well understood. We investigated the role of nutritional status in rHuEPO requirement in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients without evidence of inflammation. This cross-sectional study included 88 MHD patients. The associations between required rHuEPO dose and malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) and several laboratory values known to be related to nutrition and/or inflammation were analyzed. Anthropometric measures including body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, and midarm circumferences were also measured. Twenty-three patients with serum C-reactive protein levels >10 mg/L were excluded from the analysis. The remaining 65 patients (male/female, 41/24; age 49.1+/-11.4 years; dialysis duration 99.7+/-63.0 months) were studied. These patients had moderate malnutrition and the average MIS was 7.4 (range 3-17). The average weekly dose of administered rHuEPO was 69.1+/-63.1 U/kg. Malnutrition-inflammation score had a positive correlation with the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, whereas it had a negative correlation with anthropometric measures, total iron-binding capacity, prealbumin, phosphorus, creatinine, and triglyceride. According to Pearson's correlation analysis, significant relationships of increased MIS with increased required rHuEPO dose and rHuEPO responsiveness index (EPO divided by hematocrit) were observed (p=0.008, r=-0.326; p=0.017, r=-0.306, respectively). Recombinant human erythropoietin dose requirement is correlated with MIS and adverse nutritional status in MHD patients without evidence of inflammation. Further research should focus on reversing the undergoing microinflammation for a better outcome in dialysis patients.     

An Approach to the Maximum Independent Set for Surface Matching

In order to resolve the problem of surface match in the process of surface detection for aircraft thin-walled and composite parts,an efficient approach of 3D surface matching was proposed which is based on the Maximum Independent Set (MIS) algorithm of free surface matching.First,to introduce the MIS,this paper described the approach in detail.The MIS of matching points was finally solved by converting the surface matching into a surface matching of discrete points,establishing the distance matrix of discre...     

基于ISO质量体系认证在线计量数据智能统计和查询

ISO质量体系认证标准要求对计量数据进行计算和评价。公司的信息管理系统可以自动计算统计参数，并可以方便的进行分析和查询，提高企业工作效率，改善产品质量。论文为国家自然科学基金“现代制造质量控制、溯源中若干理论问题与技术基础的研究”(项目号：59735120)中的一部分。     

企业管理信息系统中的B/S和C/S结构的应用

文章以制造企业为例提出了企业管理信息系统的三维开发模型及企业信息化的实施方法，讨论了B／S和C／S的混合结构模式及JSP网络技术与网络数据库在企业管理信息系统开发中的应用。通过企业建模，掌握企业组织构架，了解企业如何工作，何处是瓶颈，为企业高效地运作提供了一种解决方案。     

Some properties of metal/insulator/semiconductor structures with BN and carbon thin layers formed by the reactive pulse plasma method on silicon or SiO2 substrates and annealing effects

Thin layers (100–300 nm) of BN and diamond-like carbon were produced by the reactive pulse plasma method. On the basis of measurements and analysis of electrical properties of metal/insulator/semiconductor (MIS) capacitors, with a BN or carbon layer acting as the dielectric and silicon as the semiconductor, operating parameters were identified for the BN/Si and C/Si structures. A double layer of thermal SiO₂ and either BN or carbon was also used as a dielectric. The structures produced were subjected to annealing at temperatures from 100 to 500°C in N₂ and O₂ atmospheres.Using the spectral investigation method, BN and carbon layers produced on quartz and KBr substrates were examined for their probable composition (IR absorption analysis), absorption coefficient α and refractive index n. After annealing at temperatures of 300–400°C, a marked improvement in the electrical performance of MIS structures was found as well as storage of charge in the double-layer dielectric structures. Hydrogen and oxygen were also found to be present in the test layers. On the basis of the analysis of the electrical characteristics it is assumed that dehydrogenation of the layers during thermal treatment is one of the reasons why their electrical properties tend to vary with time.     

Electron microscopy characterization of an as-fabricated research reactor fuel plate comprised of U–7Mo particles dispersed in an Al–2Si alloy matrix

To understand the microstructural development of nuclear fuel plates during irradiation, it is imperative to know the microstructure of a fuel plate after all the fabrication steps have been completed and before it is inserted into the reactor. To this end, a U–7 wt.% Mo alloy research reactor dispersion fuel plate with Al–2 wt.% Si matrix was destructively examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy to characterize the developed microstructure after fabrication. Of particular interest for this study was how the Si that was added to the fuel matrix partitioned between the various fuel plate phases during fabrication. Si was added to the matrix so that the microstructure that developed during fuel fabrication would exhibit good irradiation behavior. SEM analysis was used to identify the representative microstructure, the compositions of the various phases, and the partitioning behavior of the fuel and matrix constituents. TEM analysis was employed to definitively identify the phases in the U–7Mo alloy and the phases that formed due to diffusional interactions between the fuel particles and matrix during fuel plate fabrication. The TEM results are the first reported for an as-fabricated U–7 wt.% Mo dispersion fuel plate with an Al alloy matrix. SEM results showed that a significant portion of the original γ-(U–Mo) fuel particles had transformed to a lamellar microstructure, comprised of α-U and either γ or γ' phases, and the fuel/matrix interaction layers were enriched in Si. TEM analysis identified an ordered fcc (U–Mo)(Al–Si)₃ type of phase, which formed at the decomposed U–7Mo/matrix interface and extended into the lamellar microstructure. Some regions of the U–7Mo particles retained the single-phase γ-(U–Mo). Small precipitate phases were observed in the fuel meat matrix that contained Fe, Al, and Si. The Si that is added to the matrix of a U–Mo dispersion fuel plate to improve irradiation performance appears to result in the creation of a Si-rich (U–Mo)(Al–Si)₃ type of fuel/matrix interaction layer during fabrication that appears to exhibit favorable behavior during irradiation compared to the behavior of the layers that form in U–Mo dispersion fuel plates without Si in the matrix.     

Effect of the thermal annealing on the electrical and physical properties of SiC thin films produced by RF magnetron sputtering

SiC thin films have been grown by magnetron sputtering process at RF powers in the range of 100 to 400 W followed or not by annealing in inert environment of ultrapure nitrogen at 1000 °C. Physical characterization by Raman and RBS analysis were performed. The Raman spectra have shown corresponding bands of SiC, Si and C for all the samples while RBS characterization showed a higher concentration of Si for higher RF powers. Unannealed and annealed SiC films were used to produce MIS structures. The electrical properties of these structures were analyzed from Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) and Conductance-Voltage (G-V) characteristics. The results showed that the significant leakage current in the accumulation region observed in the unannealed films can be drastically reduced by the annealing process. A model is proposed to account for this leakage process of the MIS structures.     

尼龙无纺布结构化增韧层增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的湿热力学性能

采用尼龙无纺布(PNF)作为结构化增韧层,制备了PNF层间增韧改性的U3160碳纤维增强3266环氧树脂(U3160-PNF/3266)复合材料,研究了U3160-PNF/3266复合材料的面内力学性能及湿热老化后的力学性能变化,并分析了复合材料湿热老化前后的层间形貌。结果表明:PNF增韧层的引入并未导致复合材料面内力学性能的下降,与未增韧的U3160碳纤维增强3266环氧树脂(U3160/3266)复合材料相比,增韧复合材料U3160-PNF/3266的90°拉伸性能有所提高。而湿热老化处理对U3160-PNF/3266复合材料的基体和界面性能影响相对明显,尤其是尼龙纤维与树脂基体之间的界面结合性能,湿热老化处理后增韧复合材料的90°压缩和层间剪切性能保持率均明显低于未增韧复合材料的。