SiCp/MoSi2原位反应高温热压复合工艺的研究

运用乙醇湿法混合和氩气保护原位反应高温热压方法制备了不同配比的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料,研究了原位生成的SiC颗粒对MoSi2基体材料显微结构和室温力学性能的影响.结果表明:原位反应高温热压制备SiCp/MoSi2的工艺是可行的,反应生成的适量SiC颗粒细化了基体晶粒,改善了其力学性能;与该工艺下制备的纯MoSi2相比,含40vol%SiCp的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料室温抗弯强度提高了260%,含50vol%SiCp的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料室温断裂韧性提高了50%;该种工艺的强化机制为细晶强化和弥散强化,韧化机制为细晶韧化.     

SiC晶须与Si_3N_4颗粒强韧MoSi_2复合材料

采用湿法混合和热压工艺制备了不同Si3N4(p)和SiC(w)体积含量的MoSi2基复合材料,研究了复合材料的显微组织,晶粒大小,硬度、断裂韧性和抗弯强度.结果表明,复合材料的晶粒比纯MoSi2明显细化,且随着强化相添加量的增加而减小,抗弯强度和断裂韧性均大幅度提高,其中MoSi2-20%SiC(w)-20%Si3N4(p)复合材料具有较好的综合力学性能,断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别427 Mpa和10.4 Mpa·m1/2.复合材料的强化机制为细晶强化和弥散强化,韧化机制为细晶韧化和裂纹偏转与分支韧化.     

Si_3N_4颗粒和纳米SiC晶须强韧化MoSi_2基复合材料

用真空热压法制备了Si3N4颗粒和纳米SiC晶须强韧化MoSi2基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、扫描电镜分析了该材料的物相、微观组织结构和断口形貌,测算了其致密度、晶粒尺寸、抗弯强度和断裂韧性。结果表明:复合材料致密性好;添加的Si3N4和SiC与基体有着很好的化学相容性;与纯MoSi2相比,复合材料晶粒明显细化,抗弯强度和断裂韧性明显增加。其中MoSi2+20%Si3N4+10%SiC抗弯强度达400MPa,比纯MoSi2提高了58.7%;断裂韧性达6.1MPa.m1/2,比纯MoSi2提高了108.9%。复合材料的强化机制为细晶强化和弥散强化;韧化机制为细晶韧化、裂纹偏转和裂纹微桥接。     

SiCp-WSi2/MoSi2复合材料的室温力学性能

为了提高MoSi2的室温断裂韧性,将Si、Mo、W和C四种粉末混合后通过"原位反应热压"一次热压工艺制备了两种不同体积配比的SiCp-WSi2/MoSi2复合材料试样,测定了复合材料试样和纯MoSi2试样的室温.断裂韧性(KIC)与显微硬度(HV);采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法研究了该工艺下试样的结构、组织以及断口形貌与断裂韧性问的相互关系.结果表明,SiC的复合化和W元素的合金化能使SiCp-WSi2/MoSi2复合材料晶粒细化,硬度、室温断裂韧性比纯MoSi2明显提高,断裂韧性最高值达5.88 MPa·m1/2.并对复合材料的硬化、韧化机理分别进行了分析.     

SiC/MoSi_2复合材料1300℃氧化行为研究

采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射研究了不同SiC体积分数(30%～50%)的SiC/MoSi2复合材料的高温(1300℃)氧化性能,建立了SiC/MoSi2复合材料的高温氧化动力学模型,对SiC/MoSi2复合材料的高温氧化行为进行了动力学分析,研究了其高温氧化机理。结果表明,SiC/MoSi2复合材料在高温时具有优异的抗氧化性能,SiC/MoSi2复合材料的高温抗氧化能力好于纯MoSi2的;复合材料的高温抗氧化性随SiC体积分数的增加而降低。     

TiC颗粒增韧MoSi2基复合材料的力学性能

通过湿法混合和热压法制备了不同体积百分比的TiCp-MoSi2复合材料,研究了TiC颗粒对MoSi2基体材料显微结构和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在MoSi2基体中加入TiC颗粒,细化了基体的晶粒,改善了其力学性能。与纯MoSi2相比,含40vol% TiC颗粒的复合材料的室温抗弯强度提高了65％,含20vol%TiCp的复合材料的室温断裂韧性提高了53％,而且TiC颗粒的加入大大提高了MoSi2的高温承载能力,随TiC颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的高温抗弯强度大为增加。     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料断裂韧性与拉伸延性的解析模型

基于Eshelby等效夹杂理论及Weibull统计分布,发展了SiCp/Al金属基复合材料断裂韧性与拉伸延性的力学模型.模型的计算表明:当复合材料受外力时,SiC颗粒所受的力与外加应力呈线性关系.随着外加应力的增加,SiC颗粒所受的力也线性增加.同时,外力作用下SiC颗粒的断裂分数服从Weibull统计分布,即SiC颗粒的总体含量越高,其断裂分数就越高.模型关于约化拉伸延性和断裂韧性的计算与实验结果较为吻合.模型的解析和实验结果都表明:拉伸延性与断裂韧性随SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而减小.在相同体积分数的情况下,拉伸延性与断裂韧性随SiC颗粒尺寸的增加而减小.     

包套热挤压SiCp/6066铝基复合材料断裂机制和强化机制的研究

采用包套热挤压工艺制备了不同体积分数SiC颗粒增强的6066铝基复合材料,结合其断口形貌及微观组织,分析了材料的断裂机制及抗拉强度和屈服强度随SiC增强颗粒体积分数变化的规律.结果表明,材料的断裂机制为颗粒与基体间的界面脱粘以及SiC团聚体的脆性开裂.当SiC颗粒的体积分数小于12%时,随着SiC颗粒增强相的增加,SiCp/6066铝基复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度增加.当SiC颗粒的体积分数大于12%时,材料的强度增加减缓或略有下降,其主要强化机制是位错强化和弥散强化.     

原位合成MoSi_2-SiC复合材料700℃的氧化行为

研究了不同SiC体积分数原位合成MoSi2-SiC复合材料在700℃空气中1000h的长期氧化行为。结果表明:复合材料氧化1000h后,均未发生pest现象。复合材料的氧化抗力明显好于单一MoSi2,原位合成复合材料的氧化抗力好于传统的热压商用MoSi2粉末和SiC粉末混合物制备的复合材料(外加复合材料)。复合材料氧化膜相组成仅为非晶SiO2,材料的氧化过程主要是O2与MoSi2的作用,SiC未发生氧化。材料在700℃下仍发生硅、钼的同时氧化,因MoO3的挥发较快没有晶须形成,因而在材料表面快速形成一薄层连续、致密的非晶SiO2保护膜,使材料表现出优异的长期抗氧化性。     

rGO/SiC复合材料的制备与性能研究

碳化硅(SiC)陶瓷具有优异的力学性能, 但是其断裂韧性相对较低。石墨烯的引入有望解决碳化硅陶瓷的断裂韧性较低的问题。本研究采用热压烧结工艺, 制备了具有不同还原-氧化石墨烯(rGO)掺入量的SiC复合材料。经过2050℃保温、40 MPa保压1 h后, 所制备的复合材料均烧结致密。对复合材料中rGO的掺入量、微观结构和力学性能的相互关系进行分析和讨论。加入4wt%的rGO后, 复合材料的三点抗弯强度达到564 MPa, 比热压SiC陶瓷提高了6%; 断裂韧性达到4.02 MPa•m^1/2, 比热压SiC陶瓷提高了54%。加入6wt%的rGO后, 复合材料的三点抗弯强度达到420 MPa, 略低于热压SiC陶瓷, 但其断裂韧性达到4.56 MPa•m^1/2, 比热压SiC陶瓷提高了75%。裂纹扩展微观结果显示, 主要增韧机理有裂纹偏转、裂纹桥连和rGO片的拔出。     

Fabrication and mechanical properties of oriented SiC short-fiber-reinforced SiC composite by tape casting

SiC fiber-reinforced SiC composites with nearly unidirectionally and randomly aligned SiC short fiber were prepared by tape-casting and hot-pressing (HP). Volume fractions of fibers were 10 and 20 vol.%. Three-point bending test was carried out at room temperature. The SiC short-fiber-reinforced SiC composites showed completely brittle fracture for any fiber volume fraction and orientation. The maximum strength increased with increasing sintering temperature regardless of orientation of short fiber. In the unidirectionally and randomly aligned composites sintered at 1700 °C containing 20 vol.% fiber, the maximum bending strength was about 390 and 280 MPa, respectively.     

SiC颗粒强韧化MoSi2复合材料

通过湿法混料和热压烧结工艺成功地制备了20vo1%SiC_P/MoSi₂复合材料,并测定了其显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:SiC_P/MoSi₂复合材料主要由MoSi₂和SiC颗粒组成,还有少量的Mo₅Si₃,致密度为92.3% 。与MoSi₂相比,其室温抗弯强度提高了30.6%,断裂韧性提高了53%,1200℃的抗压强度提高了44%,1400℃的抗压强度提高了53%;其硬度、弹性模量等性能有较大提高。在Al₂O₃和SiC对磨盘上表现出极其优异的耐磨性能。SiC颗粒对MoSi₂的室温增韧、高温增强效果显著。     

SiC-ZrO_2纳米颗粒协同强韧化MOSi_2陶瓷的组织与性能

通过热压烧结制备SiC-ZrO_2/MoSi_2复相陶瓷以及对比试样MoSi_2、ZrO_2/MoSi_2、SiC/MoSi_2陶瓷,利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜以及力学性能测试仪器等对材料组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米ZrO_2、SiC颗粒的加入可以有效细化MoSi_2基体晶粒,纳米ZrO_2、SiC颗粒协同作用更有利于提高MoSi_2基陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,协同相中纳米SiC颗粒细化和强化MoSi_2基体的效果要好于纳米ZrO_2颗粒;20 vol%SiC+10 vol%ZrO_2+MoSi_2复相陶瓷抗弯强度是MoSi_2的3.8倍,断裂韧度是MoSi_2的2.4倍;在复相陶瓷基体以及粒子周围存在不同特征的位错组态,ZrO_2可以依靠自身相变的体积效应向基体泵入或输送位错,钉扎位错的第二相粒子包括SiC粒子和未相变的ZrO_2小粒子,弥散相特别是晶内型SiC和ZrO_2粒子对复相陶瓷位错的钉扎作用明显。     

Comparison of Fatigue Life Between C/SiC and SiC/SiC Ceramic-Matrix Composites at Room and Elevated Temperatures

In this paper, the comparison of fatigue life between C/SiC and SiC/SiC ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) at room and elevated temperatures has been investigated. An effective coefficient of the fiber volume fraction along the loading direction (ECFL) was introduced to describe the fiber architecture of preforms. Under cyclic fatigue loading, the fibers broken fraction was determined by combining the interface wear model and fibers statistical failure model at room temperature, and interface/fibers oxidation model, interface wear model and fibers statistical failure model at elevated temperatures in the oxidative environments. When the broken fibers fraction approaches to the critical value, the composites fatigue fracture. The fatigue life S–N curves and fatigue limits of cross-ply, 2D and 3D C/SiC and SiC/SiC composites at room temperature, 550 °C in air, 750 °C in dry and humid condition, 800 °C in air, 1000 °C in argon and air, 1100 °C, 1300 °C and 1500 °C in vacuum, have been predicted. At room temperature, the fatigue limit of 2D C/SiC composite with ECFL of 20 % lies between 0.78 and 0.8 tensile strength; and the fatigue limit of 2D SiC/SiC composite with ECFL of 20 % lies between 0.75 and 0.85 tensile strength. The fatigue limit of 2D C/SiC composite increases to 0.83 tensile strength with ECFL increasing from 20 to 22.5 %, and the fatigue limit of 3D C/SiC composite is 0.85 tensile strength with ECFL of 37 %. The fatigue performance of 2D SiC/SiC composite is better than that of 2D C/SiC composite at elevated temperatures in oxidative environment.     

High mechanical performance SiC/SiC composites by NITE process with tailoring of appropriate fabrication temperature to fiber volume fraction

Unidirectional SiC/SiC composites are prepared by nano-powder infiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE) process, using pyrolytic carbon (PyC)-coated Tyranno-SA SiC fibers as reinforcement and SiC nano-powder with sintering additives for matrix formation. The effects of two kinds of fiber volume fraction incorporating fabrication temperature were characterized on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties. Densification of the composites with low fiber volume fraction (appropriately 30 vol%) was developed even at lower fabrication temperature of 1800 °C, and then saturated at 3rd stage of matrix densification corresponding to classic liquid phase sintering. Hence, densification of the composites with high volume fraction (above 50 vol%) became restricted because the many fibers retarded the infiltration of SiC nano-powder at lower fabrication temperature of 1800 °C. When fabrication temperature increased by 1900 °C, densification of the composites was effectively enhanced in the intra-fiber-bundles and simultaneously the interaction between PyC interface and matrix was strengthened. SEM observation on the fracture surface revealed that fiber pull-out length was accordingly changed with fabrication temperature as well as fiber volume fraction, which dominated tensile fracture behaviors. Through NITE process, SiC/SiC composites with two fracture types were successfully developed by tailoring of appropriate fabrication temperature to fiber volume fraction as follows: (1) high ductility type and (2) high strength type.     

Effect of SiC content and orientation on the properties of Si/SiC ceramic composite

Silicon/silicon carbide ceramic composites are made by infiltrating carbonaceous material with liquid silicon to form SiC crystallites dispersed in a silicon matrix. The present study was conducted to determine the effects on the room temperature properties of density, elastic modulus, strength, and fracture toughness by varying the amount and distribution of the SiC crystallites. Most of the work involved uniaxially aligned SiC crystals of varying volume fraction tested both longitudinally and transversely to the converted fibre axis.     

烧结温度对Cf/SiC复合材料结构及性能的影响

以碳纤维为增强体, 热压烧结制备了C_f/SiC复合材料, 研究了烧结温度对C_f/SiC复合材料密度、结构及性能的影响. 研究发现: 提高烧结温度能够促进C_f/SiC复合材料的致密度; 当烧结温度低于1850℃时, 升高烧结温度, 复合材料的强度和断裂韧性也随之提高. 当烧结温度为1850℃时, 复合材料的性能最优, 弯曲强度达500.1MPa, 断裂韧性为16.9MPa·m ^1/2. 当烧结温度达到1880℃时, 复合材料性能反而下降.     

等离子喷涂MoSi2/Al2O3涂层材料的力学与介电性能

以MoSi2为吸收剂,纳米Al2O3粉为基体,采用大气等离子喷涂法制备出MoSi2/Al2O3复合涂层。研究了MoSi2含量对复合涂层力学及介电性能的影响。结果表明,MoSi2颗粒均匀分布于Al2O3基体中;随MoSi2含量的增加,复合涂层的抗弯强度、断裂韧性及冲击强度逐渐增强;根据测定的复介电常数与频率的关系及计算出的介电损耗角正切可以看出,复合涂层的介电常数与MoSi2含量有关,MoSi2掺量越高,复合材料涂层的介电常数越小;随频率的逐渐增大,材料的复介电常数表现出减小的趋势,具有频散效应。     

SiC引入方式对反应熔渗原位纳米SiC/MoSi_2复合材料组织性能的影响

探讨了SiC引入方式对反应熔渗原位20wt%纳米SiC/MoSi_2复合材料TEM组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:完全原位反应熔渗硅可获得基体相和增强相均为纳米尺度的SiC/MoSi_2复合材料,其组织中存在大量晶内层错等缺陷,可能会使纳米SiC/MoSi_2复合材料力学性能的提高不十分显著;而部分原位反应熔渗法中,SiC初始粉末的引入可缓解剧烈物相反应,所得纳米SiC/MoSi_2复合材料晶内缺陷消失,断口出现大量撕裂棱,复合材料力学性能大幅提高。