贯流式水轮发电机空载电压波形畸变与阻尼条损耗发热抑制

为改善水轮发电机电能质量,预防阻尼绕组过热,保证机组与电网运行安全,基于电机电磁场、电路及传热学理论,建立了水轮发电机三维分层非线性时变运动电磁场-电路结合模型与磁极系统三维稳态温度场模型。进而针对一台q=1的36 MW贯流式机组的128种结构设计方案,通过电磁场-温度场综合计算,广泛深入地分析了定转子槽距比、定子斜槽程度以及每极阻尼条根数等结构参数对空载电压波形畸变率和额定工况阻尼绕组损耗发热的影响,在此基础上,讨论了同时抑制空载电压波形畸变率与阻尼绕组损耗发热的设计措施。计算结果与实测数据相吻合。     

阻尼绕组对凸极同步发电机空载电势波形的影响

采用二维瞬态涡流场有限元法，对装有阻尼绕组的凸极同步发电机的空载电势波形进行了计算，分析了阻尼绕组节距对空载电势波形的影响。结果表明，阻尼绕组可以削弱定子齿谐波分量，而对与阻尼绕组节距有关的谐波分量则有加强作用。     

大型水轮发电机空载电压波形的分析计算与试验研究

本文介绍了大型水轮发电机空载电压波形的有限元计算方法,运用二维运动电磁场时步有限元模型与电路耦合模型,综合考虑铁心饱和、转子旋转、阻尼绕组端环及阻尼条涡流等多种因素影响,对840MVA水轮发电机空载电压波形及谐波进行了有限元计算和真机试验,并将计算结果与解析法和试验结果进行了比较,结果表明,本文的计算结果更为精确,该方法对大型水轮发电机空载电压波形及谐波的精确计算具有重要价值。     

大型水轮发电机空载电压波形及谐波的有限元计算

介绍了大型水轮发电机空载电压波形的有限元计算方法.运用二维运动电磁场时步有限元模型与电路耦合模型,考虑铁芯饱和、转子旋转、阻尼绕组端环及阻尼条涡流等多种因素综合影响,对1台840MVA水轮发电机空载电压波形及谐波进行了有限元计算,并将计算结果与解析法和试验结果进行了比较,结果表明,本文的计算结果更为精确.该方法对大型水轮发电机空载电压波形及谐波的精确计算具有重要价值.     

采用不对称磁极优化水轮发电机空载电压波形

改善空载电压波形是发电机优化设计、保证电能质量的重要问题。采用极靴偏心与阻尼条偏心等不对称磁极结构设计方案，对一台45 MW的大型水轮发电机空载电压波形进行优化设计，并利用二维运动电磁场场路耦合时步有限元模型，进行分析与计算。结果表明，合理偏移极靴和阻尼条位置，可以明显削弱齿谐波，改善气隙磁场分布和空载电压波形。计算结果与实测数据相吻合。研究成果已在3个电站的大型水轮发电机上得到工程实际应用。     

不同装机容量水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗影响因素分析

针对水轮发电机组装机容量越来越大,阻尼绕组发热严重影响水轮发电机安全可靠运行的现状,采用场路耦合有限元法,分别计算了不对称运行时额定容量225 MW、500 MW、1000 MW的水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗,对比分析了额定容量不同时水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗.通过建立不同结构的仿真模型,准确分析了气隙、节距和阻尼方式对水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗的影响.分析结果表明,增大气隙,减小节距,改变阻尼方式,可以有效抑制阻尼绕组涡流损耗.     

大型贯流式水轮发电机定子齿谐波电势削弱新技术

改善空载电压波形是发电机优化设计、保证电能质量的重要问题。该文采用极靴偏心与阻尼条偏心等不对称磁极结构设计方案,对1台75MW的大型贯流式水轮发电机空载电压波形进行了优化设计,并利用二维运动电磁场场路耦合时步有限元模型,进行了分析与计算。结果表明,合理偏移极靴和阻尼条位置,可以明显削弱齿谐波,改善气隙磁场分布和空载电压波形。     

阻尼绕组对凸极单相同步发电机负载电压波形的影响

小型单相同步发电机在负载时输出电压中谐波含量大,阻尼绕组可以削弱它在负载运行时的负序磁场,降低电压波形正弦畸变率。本文采用场路耦合时步有限元法编程计算了小型凸极单相同步发电机额定负载时的电压波形,计算结果与实验结果接近,证明了该计算方法及所编程序的正确性。详细分析了阻尼绕组的不同连接方式及材料对电压波形的影响,所得结论可以为阻尼绕组形式及材料的选取提供理论指导,用以提高电压波形质量。     

水轮发电机稳态运行时的阻尼绕组电流谐波研究

针对水轮发电机在稳态运行时的阻尼绕组电流谐波问题,采用场路耦合法,建立用于计算阻尼绕组电流的水轮发电机数学模型,并通过试验对该模型进行验证.以此为基础,分别计算几种不同稳态运行工况下的阻尼绕组电流及其谐波,包括电机空载运行、额定对称负载运行以及电机稳态负序运行等工况.分别研究发电机内主磁场、电枢绕组正序磁场和负序磁场对阻尼绕组电流谐波所产生的影响.此外还对阻尼绕组电流内的各次谐波分布特点以及产生机理进行了分析.对水轮发电机阻尼绕组电流谐波的研究,有助于预测阻尼条的受力情况,从而避免水轮发电机由于阻尼条振动强烈而出现断条事故.     

阻尼绕组对同步发电机整流系统基本波形的影响

通过试验研究了阻尼绕组对交直流侧的电压、电流波形的影响 ,阐明了阻尼绕组具有改善同步发电机整流系统交直流侧电压波形的作用     

Partial discharge, dissipation factor, and corona aspects for high voltage electric generator stator bars and windings

High voltage stator windings in modern electric generators are subject to high electrical, mechanical, and thermal stress. Operation of these machines in both air and high pressure hydrogen results in different considerations. Operation in the air environment does not offer the dielectric advantages of operating in high-pressure hydrogen. The two major design factors that are significant for the design of high voltage stator bars to be operated in air, are corona activity and PD activity. These of course are closely related. With the movement to increasing the power density of generators, which means operation at higher voltages and higher insulation stress levels, it has become more critical to be sure the design constraints are met in the stator bar design to minimize both partial discharge activity and corona activity involving the stator bars. The stator bar insulation system must be designed for minimum partial discharge activity and ideally is corona free at the stator winding operating stress levels, and at the operating conditions (temperature and pressure) the generator is subject to. This paper will present the findings associated with the development work in designing, testing and implementing a PD reduced and corona free design.     

大型全空冷水轮发电机定子线棒损耗和温度场综合计算

针对空冷水轮发电机定子绕组附加损耗的实际工程问题,从其产生的原理出发,在综合考虑了同相槽和异相槽在涡流损耗上的区别、上下层线棒股线在槽内的实际位置等多种因素影响的基础上,以一台350 MW空冷水轮发电机为例,综合运用电磁场、流场、温度场数值求解方法,对其线棒附加损耗及发热情况进行了计算分析,并与现场实测数据进行了比较。结果表明,该文方法计算精度较高,优化措施有效,对于指导大型水轮发电机定子线圈的优化设计具有良好的工程实用价值。     

大型贯流式水轮发电机阻尼绕组损耗与发热

为了深入研究大型贯流式水轮发电机阻尼绕组的损耗和发热规律,建立了发电机二维电磁场和转子三维温度场有限元模型,考虑了电磁场时变、运动、非线性等因素对损耗的影响以及转子铁芯各向异性导热性能和磁极迎风面、背风面散热性能差异对发热的影响.在此基础上,以东方电机股份有限公司生产的36 MW贯流式水轮发电机为例,针对不同工况、结构...     

定子斜槽十二相发电机-整流系统的非线性二维场-路耦合方程

本文提出了采用二维有限元技术近似计算定子斜槽时电机内三维电磁场的新方法,阐述了其计算原理.基于此方法,建立了考虑定子斜槽时十二相(四Y移15°相带)同步发电机整流系统的非线性二维瞬态涡流"场-路"耦合方程,并对电机内的电磁场以及空载电势波形进行了计算,分析了定子斜槽对齿谐波电势的削弱作用,得出了与谐波磁导分析法完全相同的结论,验证了二维有限元技术计算斜槽电机内电磁场的可行性和有效性.     

灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组常见故障和防治措施

为了系统地了解灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组的故障类型和特点,通过对此类机组典型的故障例子进行分类和分析,总结出定子铁心松动、转子阻尼条断裂以及转子扫膛等故障是此类机组的主要危害因素,并提出了相应的防治措施。     

Analysis of terminal voltage waveform of AC exciting synchronous generators

Recently, adjustable speed hydroelectric power systems have been developed. In those power systems, ac exciting synchronous generators are used instead of the ordinary salient-pole-type synchronous machines. However, some higher harmonic sequences are included in the distribution of air-gap magnetic flux density and in the terminal voltage waveform of the ac exciting synchronous machines because these machines have open winding slots. To develop better machines without terminal voltage waveform distortions, an evaluation method of the terminal voltage harmonics has been needed. This paper describes the mechanism of higher harmonics generation qualitatively and proposes an analytical method of no-load terminal voltage waveforms on the basis of two-dimensional magnetic field analysis considering movement of the rotor for quantitative higher harmonics analysis. The analytical results of higher harmonics show good agreement with the experimental ones.     

Computation of the no-load voltage waveform of laminated salient-pole synchronous generators

This paper presents a combined analytical and finite-element (FE) method for computation of the no-load voltage waveform of laminated salient-pole synchronous generators. The described method takes into account saturation effects as well as the damper bar currents due to the slot pulsation field. The method calculates first the damper bar currents and then includes them in the calculation of the no-load voltage. The combination of magnetostatic two-dimensional (2-D) FE simulations for calculating the magnetic coupling between the machine windings and of an analytical resolution results in a very precise prediction of the no-load voltage. At the same time, simulation time is drastically reduced compared with transient magnetic 2-D FE simulations. The method was verified on several examples, comparing the obtained results (damper bar currents and no-load voltage) with results obtained from transient magnetic FE simulations and, in one case, with the measured no-load voltage.