基于Curvelet的边缘纹理特征提取及表情识别

针对小波变换在提取图像边缘特征上的局限性,提出一种使用Curvelet变换进行边缘纹理特征提取的表情识别方法。Curvelet变换在表达图像的边缘曲线上的奇异性时比小波变换更能得到稀疏的图像表示。在表情识别中,对表情图像使用Curvelet变换得到Curvelet系数作为边缘纹理特征能更好地反映表情的变化,使用K最邻近结点算法进行了识别。结果表明在表情识别中该方法比小波变换更有效。     

基于改进的NC-HOG特征的工程车车型自动识别算法

为有效识别工程车车型,提出一种改进的HOG特征的自动识别算法.使用RPN(region proposal network)自动划分车辆候选区,对每个候选区进行自然度保留的图像增强处理和颜色不变性处理,分别提取NPE-HOG(naturalness preserved enhancement-histogram of oriented gradients)特征和CIV-HOG(color invariant-histogram of oriented gradients)特征,将两者融合得到NC-HOG特征,结合一对一支持向量机实现对压路机、挖掘机、装载机3类工程车辆的车型自动识别.实验对国家电网施工现场的工程车数据库进行测试,对比从原图、Gamma校正、自然度保留图像增强和颜色不变性处理图像上分别提取HOG、LBP(local binary pattern)、SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform)特征对车型识别效果的影响.实验结果表明,改进NC-HOG算法能有效提高HOG特征的识别正确率,3种车型平均识别正确率为93.0％.     

利用2D-Gabor滤波器提取纹理方向特征的虹膜识别方法*

目前基于2D-Gabor滤波器的虹膜识别算法主要是使用虹膜的相位信息或能量信息作为特征,但在虹膜可用区域减少时这些算法的识别效果明显下降。虹膜纹理除具有上述特征外,还有很强的方向性。在分析了2D-Gabor滤波器的方向和频率选择性后,提出了一种利用2D-Gabor滤波器提取纹理方向特征的虹膜识别方法。实验表明该方法提取的虹膜纹理方向特征可以在较小区域内提取出足够丰富的可区分性特征,实现高准确性的虹膜识别,说明方向特征是一种有效的虹膜识别特征。     

基于特征面的分层特征识别

为降低特征识别的复杂度,提出基于特征实体、特征实面和特征虚面概念的层次性特征分类方法.通过构造2类神经网络输入矩阵,利用神经网络在特征识别中所具有的优势,实现基于特征面的分层特征识别方法.实例表明：该方法在识别去除材料的特征时比较有效,但识别特征的范围受到一定限制.     

Facial expression recognition of intercepted video sequences based on feature point movement trend and feature block texture variation

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is an important subject of human–computer interaction and has long been a research area of great interest. Accurate Facial Expression Sequence Interception (FESI) and discriminative expression feature extraction are two enormous challenges for the video-based FER. This paper proposes a framework of FER for the intercepted video sequences by using feature point movement trend and feature block texture variation. Firstly, the feature points are marked by Active Appearance Model (AAM) and the most representative 24 of them are selected. Secondly, facial expression sequence is intercepted from the face video by determining two key frames whose emotional intensities are minimum and maximum, respectively. Thirdly, the trend curve which represents the Euclidean distance variations between any two selected feature points is fitted, and the slopes of specific points on the trend curve are calculated. Finally, combining Slope Set which is composed by the calculated slopes with the proposed Feature Block Texture Difference (FBTD) which refers to the texture variation of facial patch, the final expressional feature are formed and inputted to One-dimensional Convolution Neural Network (1DCNN) for FER. Five experiments are conducted in this research, and three average FER rates 95.2%, 96.5%, and 97% for Beihang University (BHU) facial expression database, MMI facial expression database, and the combination of two databases, respectively, have shown the significant advantages of the proposed method over the existing ones.     

基于纹理提取和SVM技术的自动木材缺陷识别

要：支持向量机（SVM）是一种新的模式识别方法,有较好的泛化能力和推广能力。研究了基于纹理提取和支持向量机的自动木材表面缺陷的识别问题,借助LBP纹理特征提取技术实现对木材图像数据降维处理,并研究了木材表面不同类型缺陷的分布规律。利用支持向量机分类算法对木材表面有无缺陷进行了快速准确的自动识别,实现了木材表面缺陷的自动定位。多次交叉实验表明,SVM分类算法对木材表面缺陷具有较好的识别能力,识别率可达96％以上。     

Automatic texture feature selection for image pixel classification

Pixel-based texture classifiers and segmenters are typically based on the combination of texture feature extraction methods that belong to a single family (e.g., Gabor filters). However, combining texture methods from different families has proven to produce better classification results both quantitatively and qualitatively. Given a set of multiple texture feature extraction methods from different families, this paper presents a new texture feature selection scheme that automatically determines a reduced subset of methods whose integration produces classification results comparable to those obtained when all the available methods are integrated, but with a significantly lower computational cost. Experiments with both Brodatz and real outdoor images show that the proposed selection scheme is more advantageous than well-known general purpose feature selection algorithms applied to the same problem.     

基于火焰彩色纹理复杂度特征的转炉炼钢吹炼状态识别

在基于火焰图像识别的转炉吹炼状态识别过程中,针对已有方法存在火焰彩色纹理信息利用不充分和状态识别率仍需提高的问题,提出一种基于火焰彩色纹理复杂度特征的转炉吹炼状态识别方法.首先,将火焰图像转化到HSI颜色空间下并作非均匀量化;然后,计算H分量和S分量的共生矩阵从而融入火焰图像的颜色信息;其次,利用得到的颜色共生矩阵计算火焰纹理复杂度的特征描述子;最后,应用Canberra距离作为相似度度量准则对吹炼状态进行分类和识别.实验结果表明,与已有的转炉火焰灰度共生矩阵和灰度差分统计方法相比,在满足吹炼识别实时性要求的前提下,所提方法的识别率分别提高了28.33%和3.33%.     

Automatic and a priori refinement of three-dimensional meshes based on feature recognition techniques

This work presents the general evolution of CAD/CAM systems for a better integration of all functions involved in the design and manufacturing process of mechanical parts (simultaneous engineering). We are proposing here an approach of the automatic three-dimensional mesh generation problem featuring a pre-optimization scheme based on the “a priori” evaluation of a dual geometric model (CSG–Exact B-Rep) in order to identify, directly and automatically, geometric features causing stress concentration. We provide more precise knowledge on how geometric features are identified and used in order to calculate a nodal density field across the parts that is more interesting for analysis or representation purposes.     

基于多层特征融合可调监督函数卷积神经网络的人脸性别识别

为了进一步提高性别识别的准确率,提出了一种基于多层特征融合与可调监督函数机制的结合的卷积神经网络（L-MFCNN）模型,并将之用于人脸性别识别。与传统卷积神经网络（CNN）不同,L-MFCNN将多个浅层中间卷积层特征输出与最后卷积层特征输出相结合,融合多层卷积层的特征,不仅利用了深层卷积的整体语义信息,还考虑了浅层卷积的细节局部纹理信息,使得性别识别更加准确。此外L-MFCNN还引入具有可调目标监督函数机制的Large-Margin Softmax Loss作为输出层,利用其调节不同的间隔（margin）的机制来有效引导深层卷积网络学习,使得同种性别间的类内间距更小,不同性别间的类间距更大,获得更好的性别识别效果。在多个人脸数据集上的性别识别实验结果表明,L-MFCNN的识别准确率要高于其他传统的卷积网络模型。L-MFCNN模型也为将来的人脸性别识别研究提供了新的思路与方向。     

改进的基于纹理特征的图像配准算法

针对图像纹理规则性与重复性及图像起始纹理分布的不一致性,依据VE4000检测系统的纹理特征配准算法达到配准目的。该算法自行设计标准单一模板,对单一模板进行裁剪与拼接技术达到了图像配准的目的,但是配准效果较差,在此基础上提出了改进的纹理特征配准算法,重新设计模板,拼接生成标准的参考图像,对参考图像进行匹配与裁剪以获取不同配准图像。实验结果证明,改进的基于纹理特征的配准算法运行时间短,配准误差小,能够很好满足缺陷检测的配准需求。     

基于局部纹理不变性的运动阴影去除算法

视频序列运动目标检测过程中,运动目标往往会连同其投射阴影一起被检测为前景,这不利于对运动目标的进一步分类、识别等高层次视觉处理。为了提高运动目标检测的准确性,提出利用局部纹理不变性去除运动目标阴影。首先根据阴影的亮度色度属性分割出疑似阴影区域,然后在疑似阴影区域采用增强的局部纹理描述算子(ILT)提取纹理特征,利用背景在阴影覆盖前后的纹理相似性来去除阴影,最后结合阴影的空间几何属性优化运动目标检测结果。实验结果表明该算法可以有效去除阴影,并且具有较好的实时性。     

基于纹理特征的自适应图像修复算法

为了解决基于样本图像修复算法对纹理部分的修复易产生误差累计的问题,提高图像修复的准确性,对优先值计算公式进行了修正,通过引入调节因子α调整填充边缘优先级顺序,使算法在修复过程中对图像纹理细节的部分较为敏感;利用图像的小波系数估计图像的平均细节能量值,自适应地调节α因子,从而实现对不同纹理程度的图像自适当地调整修复策略,并通过实验证明了算法的有效性。     

基于分形特征的植物识别

为了获得实用、可靠的植物识别方法,在识别植物识别过程中引入分形方法与分形特征.植物生长的过程在本质上与分形过程一致,都是在原有基础上进行迭代,这种迭代也可以推广到多株植物的情况.因此,分形特征不仅能区分单株植物的类别,也可以识别植物群落.通过多尺度求解图像分形特征,可以进一步检测杂株的分布.实验结果表明,基于分形特征的植物识别方法的识别率可以达到80%以上.     

基于小波变换的图像纹理特征提取技术

纹理是一种区域特征,是对于图像各像元之间的空间分布的一种描述.由于纹理能充分利用图像信息,无论从理论上或常识上出发它都显然应该成为描述与识别图像的重要依据,同时与其它图像特征相比,它似乎能更好地兼顾图像宏观性质与细微结构两个方面,因此纹理分析成为图像分析的重要手段.它被广泛的应用于气象云图分析、卫星遥感图像分析、机器人视觉、工业监控、场景分析、辅助医疗、生物组织和细胞的显微镜照片分析和军事目标分析等诸多领域.     

基于共生矩阵纹理特征提取的改进算法

深入研究灰度共生矩阵及其改进算法,针对其计算量大、耗时等问题,提出一种基于灰度共生混合结构和离散傅立叶变换的方法来实现纹理特征的提取.对傅立叶变换后的频谱图进行分块计算,以此降低计算时的灰度级,再采用正规化的方式减少特征的分布范围,并利用灰度共生混合结构算法计算一个5维的特征向量来描述图像的纹理.实验结果表明,改进后的...     

基于稀疏编码的动态纹理识别

目的 线性动态系统有效地捕捉了动态纹理在时间和空间的转移信息。然而,线性动态系统属于非欧氏空间模型,无法直接应用传统的稀疏编码进行分类识别,为此提出一种基于稀疏编码线性动态系统的求解方法并应用于动态纹理识别。方法 基于约束凸优化公式,将稀疏编码和控制论中相似性变换结合,优化学习模型参数,解决应用稀疏编码进行分类识别的问题,实现有效的动态纹理识别。结果 在公开的动态纹理图像数据库UCLA上进行实验并与其他方法进行比较,实验结果表明,本文方法具有更好的性能,识别率可达97%,且对遮挡具有更好的鲁棒性。结论 本文方法对动态纹理及遮挡情况具有更好的识别率。     

Font recognition based on global texture analysis

We describe a novel texture analysis-based approach toward font recognition. Existing methods are typically based on local typographical features that often require connected components analysis. In our method, we take the document as an image containing some specific textures and regard font recognition as texture identification. The method is content-independent and involves no detailed local feature analysis. Experiments are carried out by using 14000 samples of 24 frequently used Chinese fonts (six typefaces combined with four styles), as well as 32 frequently used English fonts (eight typefaces combined with four styles). An average recognition rate of 99.1 percent is achieved. Experimental results are also included on the robustness of the method against image degradation (e.g., pepper and salt noise) and on the comparison with existing methods     

Automatic feature generation for handwritten digit recognition

An automatic feature generation method for handwritten digit recognition is described. Two different evaluation measures, orthogonality and information, are used to guide the search for features. The features are used in a backpropagation trained neural network. Classification rates compare favorably with results published in a survey of high-performance handwritten digit recognition systems. This classifier is combined with several other high performance classifiers. Recognition rates of around 98% are obtained using two classifiers on a test set with 1000 digits per class